BACKGROUND:Satellite cells are a specific population of adult stem cells contained in skeletal muscle that promote the regenerative reconstruction of injured skeletal muscle,but their specific mechanisms are not well established. OBJECTIVE:To review the regulatory role of satellite cells during skeletal muscle regeneration and the mechanism of interaction between satellite cells and their ecological niche signals,aiming to provide new research ideas and perspectives based on the summary of existing knowledge. METHODS:Web of Science,PubMed,CNKI,WanFang,and VIP databases were searched for literature published between January 2002 and June 2022.English search terms were"muscle,skeletal muscle,muscle injury,stem cells,satellite cells,muscle repair".Chinese search terms were"skeletal muscle,skeletal muscle regeneration,skeletal muscle reconstruction,satellite cells,ecological niche".The 66 included papers were organized and analyzed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Satellite cells exist in skeletal muscle and contribute to both the formation of new muscle fibers after injury and the effective growth of existing adult muscle fibers.(2)After the activation of quiescent satellite cells in satellite cells,the steps of satellite cell proliferation,differentiation and fusion to form muscle fibers during skeletal muscle regeneration are influenced by their intrinsic regulatory effects of different mechanisms.(3)Satellite cells can interact with myofibers,extracellular matrix,skeletal muscle junctions,fibroblast progenitor cells,immune cells and endothelial cells in the ecological niche signal to promote satellite cell activation,proliferation and differentiation to achieve effective skeletal muscle regeneration.(4)Possible breakthroughs in future research include:the division pattern of satellite cells in the body;the mechanisms regulating satellite cell transfer;the specific timing of satellite cell differentiation or self-renewal in vivo;and the interaction mechanisms between satellite cells and skeletal muscle junctions.(5)This review may provide some theoretical reference values for the field of injury reconstruction of skeletal muscle and its innovation.

BACKGROUND: There are few multi-city studies on the association between temperature and mortality in basin climates. This study was based on the Sichuan Basin in southwest China to assess the association of basin temperature with non-accidental mortality in the population and with the temperature-related mortality burden. METHODS: Daily mortality data, meteorological and air pollution data were collected for four cities in the Sichuan Basin of southwest China. We used a two-stage time-series analysis to quantify the association between temperature and non-accidental mortality in each city, and a multivariate meta-analysis was performed to obtain the overall cumulative risk. The attributable fractions (AFs) were calculated to access the mortality burden attributable to non-optimal temperature. Additionally, we performed a stratified analyses by gender, age group, education level, and marital status. RESULTS: A total of 751,930 non-accidental deaths were collected in our study. Overall, 10.16% of non-accidental deaths could be attributed to non-optimal temperatures. A majority of temperature-related non-accidental deaths were caused by low temperature, accounting for 9.10% (95% eCI: 5.50%, 12.19%), and heat effects accounted for only 1.06% (95% eCI: 0.76%, 1.33%). The mortality burden attributable to non-optimal temperatures was higher among those under 65 years old, females, those with a low education level, and those with an alternative marriage status. CONCLUSIONS Our study suggested that a significant association between non-optimal temperature and non-accidental mortality. Those under 65 years old, females, and those with a low educational level or alternative marriage status had the highest attributable burden.
Female ; Humans ; China/epidemiology* ; Cities ; Cold Temperature ; Hot Temperature ; Mortality ; Temperature ; Time Factors ; Middle Aged ; Male

BACKGROUND:It has been reported that the application of biotic amniotic membrane and corneal bandage lens in pterygium surgery can significantly reduce the pain reaction after pterygium excision and promote the healing of corneal wounds. OBJECTIVE:To compare the efficacy of biotic amniotic membrane and corneal bandage lens on the repair of corneal wounds and neuropathic pain after pterygium surgery. METHODS:A total of 121 cases(142 eyes)of primary pterygium patients admitted to Nanyang Second People's Hospital from August 2020 to May 2022 were retrospectively selected.They all underwent pterygium excision combined with autogenous free conjunctival flap transplantation.Among them,63 cases(68 eyes)of pterygium postoperative wound repair with biotic amniotic membrane were classified as the amniotic membrane group,and 58 cases(74 eyes)of pterygium wound repair with corneal bandage lens were classified as the bandage lens group.Postoperative follow-up was conducted,and the corneal wound repair of the patients within 2 weeks after surgery was recorded.Neuropathic pain was quantified by Wong-Baker face on the day after surgery,1 day,and 2 weeks after surgery.The corneal topographic map indicating asymmetry index,best corrected visual acuity,corneal refractive index,and surface rule index were recorded before surgery,1 and 3 months after surgery. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)2 weeks after treatment,the wound repair rate in the bandage lens group was significantly higher than that in the amniotic membrane group(P<0.05).The wound healing time was shorter in the bandage lens group than that in the amniotic membrane group(P<0.01).(2)The degree of neuropathic pain in the bandage lens group was lower than that in the amniotic membrane group on the day and 1 day after surgery(P<0.001),and there was no significant difference between the two groups in neuropathic pain at 2 weeks after surgery(P>0.05).(3)The corneal topographic map indicating asymmetry index,best corrected visual acuity,corneal refractive index,and surface rule index were significantly improved in both groups 1 and 3 months after surgery(P<0.05).The corneal topographic map indicating asymmetry index,corneal refractive index,and surface rule index of the bandage lens group were lower than those of the amniotic membrane group 1 and 3 months after surgery(P<0.05).(4)Recurrence occurred in 1 eye(1.47%)in the amniotic membrane group and 3 eyes(4.05%)in the bandage lens group within 3 months after operation,and there was no significant difference between the groups(P>0.05).(5)These findings suggest that the corneal bandage lens is more effective than the biotic amniotic membrane in the repair of corneal wounds after pterygium surgery.

BACKGROUND:Sarcopenia is a chronic condition that leads to strength loss and functional decline,increasing the risk of frailty,disability,falls,and death in older adults.Blood flow restriction training can be effective in the treatment of sarcopenia,but a comprehensive review of its advantages,disadvantages,biological mechanisms,and application options is lacking. OBJECTIVE:To review the advantages,limitations,and biological mechanisms of blood flow restriction training interventions for sarcopenia and to give recommendations for application protocols based on current published evidence. METHODS:A search of major databases was conducted for literature published in the time frame up to February 2023.The search terms were"blood flow restriction training,KAATSU,elderly,sarcopenia,muscle"in English and Chinese.Finally,82 included papers were compiled and analyzed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Blood flow restriction training as an intervention for sarcopenia has been effective in peripheral muscle groups,but there are limitations in its application.Blood flow restriction training is highly operational and safe.This training can improve muscle strength and physical performance,but there are potential risks,including adverse events on skeletal muscle,cardiovascular and endothelial cells.Therefore,blood flow restriction training needs to be performed under scientific guidance and further studies are needed to verify its efficacy in patients with sarcopenia.The biological mechanisms of blood flow restriction training intervention in sarcopenia may include:increasing muscle hypertrophy due to reactive muscle congestion,improving muscle protein synthesis capacity,inducing metabolic stress adaptation,promoting skeletal muscle growth and repair,activating vascular endothelial growth factor signaling pathway to promote angiogenesis,and promoting satellite cell proliferation.However,these specific roles and combined effects of these mechanisms need to be determined by more in-depth studies.Blood flow restriction training interventions for sarcopenia are mainly influenced by training and cuffs.To avoid adverse events,it is recommended that 20%to 50%1RM,20 to 75 repetitions,2 to 3 times per week,30-60 seconds interval between sessions,smaller size cuffs with a pressurization value≤140 mmHg for upper limb training,and larger size cuffs with a pressurization value≤180 mmHg for lower limb training,usually 50%to 80%of the pressure value in the completely occluded artery.However,more research is needed on the training frequency and interval between sessions in older adults,and further research is needed on the optimal choice of cuff pressurization values.

Porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED) is a major disease of pigs that inflicts heavy losses on the global pig industry. The etiologic agent is the porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), which is assigned to the genus Alphacoronavirus in the family Coronaviridae. This review consists of five parts, the first of which provides a brief introduction to PEDV and its epidemiology. Part two outlines the passive immunity in new born piglets and the important role of colostrum, while the third part summarizes the characteristics of the immune systems of pregnant sows, discusses the concept of the "gut-mammary gland-secretory IgA(sIgA) axis" and the possible underpinning mechanisms, and proposes issues to be addressed when designing a PEDV live vaccine. The final two parts summarizes the advances in the R&D of PEDV vaccines and prospects future perspectives on prevention and control of PEDV, respectively.
Animals ; Antibodies, Viral ; Coronavirus Infections/veterinary* ; Female ; Immunization ; Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus ; Pregnancy ; Swine ; Swine Diseases/prevention & control* ; Viral Vaccines

Objective:To investigate the current status of career success of ICU nurses and analyze its influencing factors.Methods:Using the convenient sampling method, a total of 178 ICU nurses from 7 Class Ⅲ Grade A hospitals in Guangzhou, Guangdong Province from April to May 2021 were selected as the research objects. General questionnaire and Chinese version of Career Success Scale were used to conduct the survey through the questionnaire network platform.Results:A total of 178 electronic questionnaires were filled in and 167 valid electronic questionnaires were recovered. The total score of career success of ICU nurses was (35.68±6.07). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that gender of ICU nurses, whether they had regular specialized skills training, and the cooperative relationship of doctors and nurses in departments were the influencing factors of career success scores of nurses ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:The career success level of ICU nurses needs to be improved. It is recommended that nursing managers should clarify the career development path of nurses, broaden the career development space of nurses and enhance their professional autonomy and work enthusiasm.

ORF3 protein, the single accessory protein encoded by porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), is related to viral pathogenicity. In order to determine the cytoplasmic location signal of PEDV ORF3, we constructed a series of recombinant plasmids carrying full-length or truncated segments of PEDV DR13 ORF3 protein. When the acquired plasmids were transfected into Vero cells, expression and distribution of the EGFP-fused full-length ORF3 protein and its truncated forms in the cells were observed by laser confocal microscopy. The results showed that ORF3 protein or their truncated forms containing 40-91 aa segment including two transmembrane domains were localized in the cytoplasm, whereas ORF3 truncated peptides without the 40-91 aa segment were distributed in the whole cell (in both cytoplasm and nucleus). This suggests that the 40-91 aa is the key structural domain determining cytoplasmic location of PEDV ORF3 protein. The discovery provides reference for further clarifying intracellular transport and biological function of PEDV ORF3 protein.
Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Chlorocebus aethiops ; Coronavirus Infections ; virology ; Cytoplasm ; virology ; Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus ; genetics ; Protein Domains ; Swine ; Vero Cells ; Viral Proteins ; chemistry ; metabolism

OBJECTIVE: To provide reference for standardizing clinical pharmacist training.METHODS: According to actual situation in our hospital, a new clinical pharmacist training teaching method [lecture-based learning (LBL) -case-based learning (CBL) combination method] was created by integrating the training resources of clinical teaching and research department and extending teaching content. The comprehensive skills of trainees after training were compared between 2015 (traditional one-to-one teaching model) and 2016 (LBL-CBL combination method). RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS: In 2016, trainees are significantly improved in the ability to analyze (3. 8 score vs. 2. 8 score) and deal with clinical problems (2. 9 score vs. 2. 5 score) compared with those in 2015. LBL-CBL combination method can satisfy the demands of clinical pharmacists training in our hospital. Not only basic theory and clinical knowledge of trainees are improved, but also clinical thinking and comprehensive skill of trainees are strengthened by using LBL-CBL combination method. LBL-CBL combination method can be used in clinical pharmacists training and its usual tests, and contributes to the improvement of clinical pharmacist training teaching.

Three pairs of primers were designed according to the conserved region of IBRV gB gene published in GenBank(GenBank Accession No. DQ006857.1) using the software Primer Explorer V4. The loop mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay was established by optimization of the reaction system and then evaluated through sensitivity and specificity tests. In total 393 clinical specimens were detected for IBRV using the established LAMP assay performed at 65℃ for 50 min, which produced a ladder-like pattern of amplification bands and the detection result could be judged by color change. The sensitivity of the assay was 10 copies/μL plasmid DNA which was 1000 times higher than that by PCR method and equivalent to nested-PCR. There was no cross-reactivity of the assay with bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV), pseudorabies virus (PRV) and vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV). The positive rate of 301 nasal swabs and 92 serum specimens were 87.6% and 58.8%, respectively, which meant nasal swab specimen was more suitable for clinical IBRV detection by the method. The IBRV LAMP method established in this study has the advantages of visualization, quickness, specificity and sensitivity and be suitable for rapid detection of clinical IBRV detection on the spot.

Objective To analyze the variation characteristics of rpoB,katG,inhA,rpsL and embB related genes of Mycobacterium tuberculosis(MTB)in Qinzhou,Guangxi.Methods PCR reverse point hybridization was used to detect 5 common resistance mutants of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in 237 MTB-DNA positive sputum samples.Results Among 237 cases of tuberculosis patients,72 cases(30.38%)were resistant to the four kinds of anti-TB drugs.The resistance mutation rate of rifampin,isoniazid and streptomycin was 2.53%, 13.92%,3.80%.The top 5 gene mutation detection loci of Mycobacterium tuberculosis were-15M,S531L and 43M.Conclusion The main drug-resistant strains are isoniazid resistance,and the mutation of inhA gene were the major one in Qinzhou,Guangxi.