Objective To develop a questionnaire for measuring the legal legitimacy of occupational health managers among enterprises, and to evaluate its reliability and validity. Methods Based on the theory of subjective procedural justice, an item pool for the Questionnaire on the Legal Legitimacy of Enterprise Occupational Health Managers was constructed through literature review and policy screening, database collation, and expert interviews. The Delphi method was used to conduct two rounds of expert consultation with 37 experts, and the questionnaire item pool was adjusted and refined based on the experts' opinions to determine the final version of the questionnaire. A total of 317 occupational health managers were selected using a random number table method to complete the questionnaire survey. The data were then used to evaluate its reliability and validity. Results The questionnaire response rates for the two rounds of expert consultation were 94.6% and 100.0%, respectively. The expert authority coefficient was 0.82, and Kendall's W coefficients of concordance were 0.16 and 0.23, respectively (both P<0.001). The final version of Questionnaire on the Legal Legitimacy of Enterprise Occupational Health Managers consists of four dimensions (legal statement, law enforcement, social environment, and obligation to comply with the law) with a total of 21 items. The Cronbach's α coefficients for the overall questionnaire and its four dimensions were 0.96, 0.97, 0.98, 0.70, and 0.91, respectively (all >0.70). The corrected item-total correlation for each item was >0.50. The results of confirmatory factor analysis indicated that all fit indices met good fit standards: 􀱽 ²/df ratio = 2.85, goodness-of-fit index = 0.917, adjusted goodness-of-fit index = 0.905, comparative fit index = 0.933, Tucker-Lewis index = 0.909, root mean square error of approximation = 0.056, and standardized root mean square residual = 0.059. The composite reliabilities for the four dimensions were 0.97, 0.98, 0.63, and 0.89, respectively. The average variance extracted values were 0.73, 0.91, 0.45, and 0.73, respectively. Conclusion The newly developed Questionnaire on the Legal Legitimacy of Enterprise Occupational Health Managers demonstrates good reliability and validity, with strong scientific rigor and robustness. It can be used as a measurement tool for assessing the legal legitimacy of occupational disease prevention and control laws and regulations among enterprise occupational health managers.

Occupational disease diagnostician (ODD) is the core technology professional who is responsible for occupational disease diagnosis and identification and the main inspection work for occupational medical examination. The implementation of regular assessment management for ODDs is a key component of standardized workforce management, which facilitates dynamic evaluation of professional competence, regulation of medical practice, and assurance of medical safety. Since January 2025, Guangdong Province has implemented regular assessment management for ODDs within its administrative region. The assessment adopts an integrated model consisting of three components including professional competency evaluation, performance appraisal, and professional ethics evaluation, with each assessment cycle lasting three years. ODDs who passed all three components are classified as qualified ODD, whereas those who failed to pass any one of the three components result in an unqualified assessment outcome. In the implementation of ODD regular assessment management, Guangdong Province has emphasized integrating assessment with quality evaluation, strengthening full-cycle supervision of ODDs′ professional conduct, optimizing assessment strategies for special groups of ODDs, and reinforcing the primary management responsibility of medical institutions. Meanwhile, ODDs′ professional competence, service quality, and professional integrity have been continuously promoted by adopting human-computer interactive assessments, information-based assessment management, and "elimination" mechanism.

Objective:To develop and design a during-treatment records auto-review program to comply the quality assurance(QA)requirement of radiotherapy chart auditing,and thereby improve the review efficiency and accuracy.Methods:Based on the items the guideline required,the Aria Oncology Information System database backup files was analyzed by Java,Vue,and etc.languages and the corresponding review logic was formulated.A total of 530 treatment records generated at Shanghai Concord Cancer Center from January to March 2024(10 weeks)were auto-reviewed and compared with the manual results for evaluating the accuracy and efficiency of the program.Results:The auto-review program was running smoothly.Overall with the above data,the sensitivity,specificity,accuracy and the error-miss rate were 73.4%,14.3%,87.7%and 12.3%respectively.For sub-set items,the source-skin distance(SSD)error detecting rate was 100%,the wrong session reporting was 100%correlated with the plans switching and the wrong fraction reporting was 100%related to plan revision.For the other items,auto and manual reviews gave out the same accuracy.Conclusion:The none-error results from the program are all true,so the manual rechecking could limit to those auto-review error records,which can reduce the workload by 73.4%,therefore improve the effectiveness and accuracy of the radiotherapy data review.

Real-time, noninvasive programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) testing using molecular imaging has enhanced our understanding of the immune environments of neoplasms and has served as a guide for immunotherapy. However, the utilization of radiotracers in the imaging of human brain tumors using positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) remains limited. This investigation involved the synthesis of [¹⁸F]AlF-NOTA-PCP2, which is a novel peptide-based radiolabeled tracer that targets PD-L1, and evaluated its imaging capabilities in orthotopic glioblastoma (GBM) models. Using this tracer, we could noninvasively monitor radiation-induced PD-L1 changes in GBM. [¹⁸F]AlF-NOTA-PCP2 exhibited high radiochemical purity (>95%) and stability up to 4 h after synthesis. It demonstrated specific, high-affinity binding to PD-L1 in vitro and in vivo, with a dissociation constant of 0.24 nM. PET/CT imaging, integrated with contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging, revealed significant accumulation of [¹⁸F]AlF-NOTA-PCP2 in orthotopic tumors, correlating with blood-brain barrier disruption. After radiotherapy (15 Gy), [¹⁸F]AlF-NOTA-PCP2 uptake in tumors increased from 9.51% ± 0.73% to 12.04% ± 1.43%, indicating enhanced PD-L1 expression consistent with immunohistochemistry findings. Fractionated radiation (5 Gy × 3) further amplified PD-L1 upregulation (13.9% ± 1.54% ID/cc) compared with a single dose (11.48% ± 1.05% ID/cc). Taken together, [¹⁸F]AlF-NOTA-PCP2 may be a valuable tool for noninvasively monitoring PD-L1 expression in brain tumors after radiotherapy.

GBZ/T 223-2009 Specification of Setting Monitoring and Alarming Devices for Toxic Gas in Workplaces (Hereinafter referred to as "GBZ/T 223-2009") is China′s first technical standard for toxic gas alarm devices in workplaces. Its implementation has provided an important basis for the primary prevention of occupational diseases. However, with the upgrading of industrial structures and the development of new quality productive forces, GBZ/T 223-2009 has shown inadequacies in meeting the needs of new technologies and emerging industries. First, there is a lack of coordination among standards. GBZ/T 223-2009 faces issues such as inconsistent terminology definitions and technical parameters when interfacing with other relevant standards, including GB/T 50493-2019 Standard for Design of Combustible Gas and Toxic Gas Detection and Alarm for Petrochemical Industry and GB 12358-2024 Gas Detection and Alarm Instruments for Workplace--General Technical Requirements. This affects the coordinated implementation of these standards. Second, the operability of key provisions has declined. Various aspects of GBZ/T 223-2009, such as alarm classification, alarm setpoints, alarm device layout, concentration conversion, multi-component alarm settings, alarm sound pressure levels, metrological verification, and appendix contents, no longer adequately meet the current technological developments in the industry and on-site management requirements, making optimization and improvement urgently needed. It is recommended that the revision of GBZ/T 223-2009 introduce a two-stage alarm mode, optimize the principles for alarm setpoints and alarm device layout, standardize concentration conversion methods and metrological verification requirements, and incorporate application specifications for new detection technologies and intelligent instruments, to enhance the alignment of the standard with the trends of informatization and intelligent development.

Real-time,noninvasive programmed death-ligand 1(PD-L1)testing using molecular imaging has enhanced our understanding of the immune environments of neoplasms and has served as a guide for immunotherapy.However,the utilization of radiotracers in the imaging of human brain tumors using positron emission tomography/computed tomography(PET/CT)remains limited.This investigation involved the synthesis of[18F]AlF-NOTA-PCP2,which is a novel peptide-based radiolabeled tracer that targets PD-L1,and evaluated its imaging capabilities in orthotopic glioblastoma(GBM)models.Using this tracer,we could noninvasively monitor radiation-induced PD-L1 changes in GBM.[18F]AlF-NOTA-PCP2 exhibited high radiochemical purity(＞95％)and stability up to 4 h after synthesis.It demonstrated specific,high-affinity binding to PD-L1 in vitro and in vivo,with a dissociation constant of 0.24 nM.PET/CT imaging,integrated with contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging,revealed significant accumulation of[18F]AlF-NOTA-PCP2 in orthotopic tumors,correlating with blood-brain barrier disruption.After radiotherapy(15 Gy),[18F]AlF-NOTA-PCP2 uptake in tumors increased from 9.51％±0.73％to 12.04％±1.43％,indicating enhanced PD-L1 expression consistent with immunohisto-chemistry findings.Fractionated radiation(5 Gy × 3)further amplified PD-L1 upregulation(13.9％±1.54％ID/cc)compared with a single dose(11.48％±1.05％ID/cc).Taken together,[18F]AlF-NOTA-PCP2 may be a valuable tool for noninvasively monitoring PD-L1 expression in brain tumors after radiotherapy.

The legislative purpose of the Law of the People′s Republic of China on the Prevention and Control of Occupational Diseases is to safeguard the health, related rights and interests of workers, and to promote economic and social development. The remarkable achievements in occupational disease prevention and control indicate the implementation effect of the legal system for prevention and control of occupational diseases. The implementation effect of laws is influenced by various factors, including legislation, law enforcement, and law compliance. This study proposes a methodology to study the relationship between the implementation effect and influencing factors of the legal system for prevention and control of occupational diseases, based on the implementation theory of the law and the actual implementation of the legal system for prevention and control of occupational diseases, so as to further improve the level of legislation, law enforcement, and law compliance, and to promote the realization of the legislative purpose. The results of this study show that the law enforcement dimension of prevention and control of occupational diseases can be examined by retrospective analysis of the incidence of occupational diseases, or the relationship between other illegal situations and the intensity of supervision and punishment. The compliance dimension can focus on the application of enforcement principles (legality principle, rationality principle, and efficiency principle) and attribution diagnosis principles for occupational diseases. The legislative dimension should prioritize the appropriateness of the legal system′s content, implementation status, and clarity and acceptability of legal expressions. In addition, research should be conducted on issues such as opportunities for violations, motivations for compliance, social atmosphere, and legal awareness campaigns. Relevant research data can be obtained by collecting management statistics, media reports and special subject design observations. Only when laws are well-established, well-enforced, well-applied, and when law-abiding becomes the conscious choice of employers and law enforcement agencies, can workers′ occupational health rights be effectively protected and the authority of the law fully realized.

The worksite survey of occupational disease diagnosis is a series of occupational health investigations in the workplace initiated by the occupational disease diagnosis institution or the public health administrative department in order to understand whether there is a causal relationship between the workers' diseases and the workplace in the process of occupational disease diagnosis and verification. The main purpose of the worksite survey is to find out whether there are occupational hazards that cause health damage to workers in the workplace, and to analyze whether there is a causal relationship between the exposure to occupational hazards at the corresponding concentration (intensity) and the diseases suffered by workers. In actual work, it is necessary to determine whether it is necessary to organize worksite survey according to the legal situation and actual work of occupational disease diagnosis. The mainly works of worksite survey includes three aspects: preliminary preparation, survey implementation and survey report writing. It is necessary to pay attention to the key and difficult tasks such as preparation before survey, survey plan and questionnaire, complexity and uncertainty of worksite survey and sampling and detection of occupational hazard factors in workplace. After the worksite survey,it is necessary to write a written occupational disease on-site investigation report to provide objective, reliable and scientific evidence for occupational disease diagnosis.

Occupational health technical service (OHTS) is one of the core contents in the technical support system of occupational disease prevention and control, and efficient management of OHTS institutions is necessary for improving the service ability. At present, OHTS institutions in China face several issues, such as uneven distribution in terms of quantity, function, unclear area coverage and roles and overlapping responsibilities among different types of institutions, and insufficient service capabilities with inconsistent service levels in some institutions. With the implementation of the national reform like the “separating permits from business license” and “delegate power, streamline administration and optimize government services"”policies, the management mode and operational approach of OHTS institutions have been profoundly changed. In light of this, five key recommendations are proposed to improve the management of OHTS institutions and enhance their management effectiveness, ensuring the sustainable development of national OHTS services. Firstly, it is necessary to clarify the relationship between national and provincial administrative levels in managing OHTS institutions to ensure their healthy and orderly development. Secondly, multiple measurements are taken to strengthen OHTS institutional capacity building to address regional disparities in technical capabilities and service quality. Thirdly, both technical capabilities and service quality should be focused on strengthening the supervision and management of OHTS institutions, preventing the decline of key conditions such as staffing, laboratories, equipment, and quality management after obtaining qualifications. Fourthly, “dual randomized- inspections and one open” and “internet+supervision” methods are used as basic tools for managing OHTS institutions operating across multiple provincial regions and enforcing cross-regional law. Fifthly, professional integrity of radiological health service institutions should be restored to effectively apply their technical advantages in their specialized fields.

Objective To investigate the prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) in passenger drivers and its influencing factors. Methods A total of 951 passenger drivers in Guangdong Province were selected as the research subjects using the judgmental sampling method. A Musculoskeletal Injury Questionnaire was employed to assess the prevalence of WMSDs in the past year. Results The prevalence of WMSDs in passenger drivers was 41.11%. The result of multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that married drivers had a higher risk of WMSDs than single drivers (P<0.05). The lower the frequency of physical exercise, the longer the driving time per week, the longer the continuous driving time, the more restricted the driving working space, the poorer the foot comfort during driving, and the more affected the normal meal, the higher the risk of WMSDs (all P<0.05). The risk of WMSDs in drivers with sleep time ≤ 8.0 h/d was higher than that in drivers with sleep time > 8.0 h/d (P<0.01), and the risk of WMSDs in drivers with the same posture for a long time on the shoulder was higher than that in drivers without this poor working posture (P<0.01). Conclusion WMSDs were prevalent among passenger drivers, which was associated with demographic and adverse ergonomic factors. Intervention on lifestyle and adverse ergonomic factors could further reduce the risk of WMSDs of passenger drivers.