BACKGROUND:In previous studies,glass materials were infiltrated into 5Y-PSZ ultra-translucent zirconia by a double sintering method to prepare 5Y-PSZ-YGI graded glass infiltrated ultra-translucent zirconia materials that can maintain high transparency and high flexural strength.OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the in vitro biocompatibility of 5Y-PSZ-YGI graded glass infiltrated ultra-translucent zirconia materials.METHODS:(1)Glass materials were infiltrated into 5Y-PSZ ultra-translucent zirconia by double sintering to prepare 5Y-PSZ-YGI graded glass infiltrated ultra-translucent zirconia.5Y-PSZ-YGI graded glass infiltrated ultra-translucent zirconia(or 5Y-PSZ ultra-translucent zirconia,3Y-TZP transparent zirconia)was placed in DMEM culture medium containing 10％fetal bovine serum for 12,24 and 72 hours,and the surface area ratio of culture medium to sample was 3 mL/cm2,and the 12-,24-and 72-hour material extracts were obtained.(2)After culturing mouse fibroblast L929 for 24 hours,the original culture medium was discarded and divided into 7 groups for culture:the control group was replaced with DMEM culture medium containing 10％fetal bovine serum by volume,and the other 6 groups were replaced with 24-hour extract of 3Y-TZP transparent zirconia,24-hour extract of 5Y-PSZ ultra-translucent zirconia,24-hour extract of 5Y-PSZ-YGI graded glass infiltrated ultra-translucent zirconia,72-hour extract of 3Y-TZP transparent zirconia,72-hour extract of 5Y-PSZ ultra-translucent zirconia,and 72-hour extract of 5Y-PSZ-YGI graded glass infiltrated ultra-translucent zirconia.After 1,3,and 5 days of culture,cell growth was observed under a microscope,and the cell proliferation rate was obtained by CCK-8 assay to determine cytotoxicity.(3)Human anticoagulated blood was mixed with 5Y-PSZ-YGI graded glass infiltrated ultra-translucent zirconia,5Y-PSZ ultra-translucent zirconia,and 3Y-TZP transparent zirconia,and the hemolysis rate was detected after 0.5 hours.Human anticoagulated blood was mixed with 12-hour extract of 3Y-TZP transparent zirconia,12-hour extract of 5Y-PSZ ultra-translucent zirconia,and 12-hour extract of 5Y-PSZ-YGI graded glass infiltrated ultra-translucent zirconia,and the hemolysis rate was detected after 0.5 hours.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Under the microscope,it could be seen that the number of cells in each group increased with the extension of culture time,and the cell morphology of each experimental group was basically the same as that of the control group.The cytotoxicity grade of the 24-hour extract of 3Y-TZP transparent zirconia group on the first day of culture was grade 0,and the cytotoxicity grade of the other experimental groups at each time period was grade 1.(2)Neither the material nor the material extract caused obvious hemolytic reaction,and the hemolytic rate was less than 5％.(3)The results showed that 5Y-PSZ-YGI graded glass infiltrated ultra-translucent zirconia had no significant effect on the growth and proliferation of mouse fibroblasts L929,and did not cause hemolytic reaction with human blood,and had good in vitro biocompatibility.

BACKGROUND:In previous studies,glass materials were infiltrated into 5Y-PSZ ultra-translucent zirconia by a double sintering method to prepare 5Y-PSZ-YGI graded glass infiltrated ultra-translucent zirconia materials that can maintain high transparency and high flexural strength.OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the in vitro biocompatibility of 5Y-PSZ-YGI graded glass infiltrated ultra-translucent zirconia materials.METHODS:(1)Glass materials were infiltrated into 5Y-PSZ ultra-translucent zirconia by double sintering to prepare 5Y-PSZ-YGI graded glass infiltrated ultra-translucent zirconia.5Y-PSZ-YGI graded glass infiltrated ultra-translucent zirconia(or 5Y-PSZ ultra-translucent zirconia,3Y-TZP transparent zirconia)was placed in DMEM culture medium containing 10％fetal bovine serum for 12,24 and 72 hours,and the surface area ratio of culture medium to sample was 3 mL/cm2,and the 12-,24-and 72-hour material extracts were obtained.(2)After culturing mouse fibroblast L929 for 24 hours,the original culture medium was discarded and divided into 7 groups for culture:the control group was replaced with DMEM culture medium containing 10％fetal bovine serum by volume,and the other 6 groups were replaced with 24-hour extract of 3Y-TZP transparent zirconia,24-hour extract of 5Y-PSZ ultra-translucent zirconia,24-hour extract of 5Y-PSZ-YGI graded glass infiltrated ultra-translucent zirconia,72-hour extract of 3Y-TZP transparent zirconia,72-hour extract of 5Y-PSZ ultra-translucent zirconia,and 72-hour extract of 5Y-PSZ-YGI graded glass infiltrated ultra-translucent zirconia.After 1,3,and 5 days of culture,cell growth was observed under a microscope,and the cell proliferation rate was obtained by CCK-8 assay to determine cytotoxicity.(3)Human anticoagulated blood was mixed with 5Y-PSZ-YGI graded glass infiltrated ultra-translucent zirconia,5Y-PSZ ultra-translucent zirconia,and 3Y-TZP transparent zirconia,and the hemolysis rate was detected after 0.5 hours.Human anticoagulated blood was mixed with 12-hour extract of 3Y-TZP transparent zirconia,12-hour extract of 5Y-PSZ ultra-translucent zirconia,and 12-hour extract of 5Y-PSZ-YGI graded glass infiltrated ultra-translucent zirconia,and the hemolysis rate was detected after 0.5 hours.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Under the microscope,it could be seen that the number of cells in each group increased with the extension of culture time,and the cell morphology of each experimental group was basically the same as that of the control group.The cytotoxicity grade of the 24-hour extract of 3Y-TZP transparent zirconia group on the first day of culture was grade 0,and the cytotoxicity grade of the other experimental groups at each time period was grade 1.(2)Neither the material nor the material extract caused obvious hemolytic reaction,and the hemolytic rate was less than 5％.(3)The results showed that 5Y-PSZ-YGI graded glass infiltrated ultra-translucent zirconia had no significant effect on the growth and proliferation of mouse fibroblasts L929,and did not cause hemolytic reaction with human blood,and had good in vitro biocompatibility.

In 2009,the World Health Organization included snakebite on the list of neglected tropical diseases,acknowledging it as a common occupational hazard for farmers,plantation workers,and others,causing tens of thousands of deaths and chronic physical disabilities every year.This guideline aims to provide practical information to help clinical professionals evaluate and treat snakebite victims.These recommendations are based on clinical experience and clinical research evidence.This guideline focuses on the following topics:snake venom,clinical manifestations,auxiliary examination,diagnosis,treatments,and prevention.

Objective:To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of influenza-like illnesses (ILI) and the etiological characteristics of influenza viruses in Minhang District of Shanghai from 2010 to 2021.Methods:The surveillance data collected by influenza surveillance sentinel hospitals and the influenza laboratory network from the first week of 2010 to the 52 nd week of 2021 were used for a statistical analysis. Results:A total of 122 903 cases with ILI were reported by the national influenza surveillance sentinel hospitals in Minhang during 2010 to 2021, and the average percentage of ILI cases was 0.94%, showing an increasing trend ( P<0.001). Among them, those aged 0-4, 5-14, 15-24, 25-59 and ≥60 years accounted for 4.35%, 13.30%, 14.30%, 54.32% and 13.73%, respectively. The percentage of ILI showed obvious periodicity. The seasonal incidence of ILI peaked from December to February and from July to September. But the winter peak at the beginning of 2013 was postponed. There was no significant peak in 2021. A total of 11 625 samples were tested from 2010 to 2021, in which the detection rate of influenza viruses was 20.92% (2 432/11 625). The positive rate was 12.83% (1 492/11 625) for influenza A viruses and 8.09% (940/11 625) for influenza B viruses, indicating that the epidemic intensity caused by influenza A viruses was greater than that caused by influenza B viruses. The overall positive rates for influenza A/H3N2 virus, influenza A/H1N1 virus, influenza B/Victoria lineage and influenza B/Yamagata lineage were 9.04% (1 051/11 625), 3.79% (441/11 625), 2.69% (313/11 625) and 2.19% (255/11 625) during 2010 to 2021. The predominant circulating strains altered between influenza A and influenza B viruses in Minhang District of Shanghai during 2010 to 2019. It generally took six months for an epidemic strain to be replaced by a new one. No obvious regularity was observed in 2020 or 2021. The tendency of the incidence of ILI reported from 2010 to 2019 was basically the same as that of the positive rate of influenza viruses, while there were significant differences in 2020 and 2021. Conclusions:Influenza viruses circulated seasonally in Minhang District of Shanghai with alternating prevalent viral subtypes and the infections mostly occurred in the winter and summer seasons. During the epidemic of COVID-19, the intensity of influenza was decreased, but with the normalization of prevention and control measures, the influenza epidemic showed an obvious upward trend. Therefore, it was important to strengthen the prevention and monitoring of influenza and analyze the virus variations in time.

Embolization, Therapeutic ; Humans ; Hypertension, Portal ; therapy ; Portasystemic Shunt, Surgical

We purified a novel mannose binding lectin form Musca domestica pupae by affinity chromatography on Con A-Sepharose 4B and DEAE weak anion-exchange chromatography. By SDS-PAGE, MBL-1 yielded a single band with the molecular weight of 24 kDa. It was a glycoprotein detected by periodic acid-schiffs staining reaction, with 97.36% protein and 2.1% oligosaccharide. Meanwhile, the results of beta-elimination reaction, infrared spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy and protein sequencing instrument show that MBL-1 was an ellipsoidal-shaped monomer with 60-100 nm in diameter. N-glycoside bond linked oligosaccharide chain and the N-terminal blocked peptide chain. Further study suggested that MBL-1 promote the proliferation of macrophage in a concentration-dependent manner. The scanning electron microscope analysis shows that MBL-1 promoted the activation of macrophages. These results show that MBL-1 purified from Musca domestica pupae possesses immune regulation effect, serving a reference basis to develop natural immune-modulator.
Animals ; Glycoproteins ; analysis ; Houseflies ; chemistry ; Immunomodulation ; immunology ; physiology ; Macrophages ; immunology ; Mannose-Binding Lectin ; chemistry ; physiology ; Oligosaccharides ; analysis ; Pupa ; chemistry

Objective To evaluate the effect of autologous bone marrow-derived stem cell (MSCs)transplantation in the treatment of decompensated hepatic cirrhosis.Methods Bone marrow was harvested (150-200 ml) from 25 patients with decompensated cirrhosis and hepatic failure.The MSCs were isolated according to the method reported by Wollert and infused into liver via hepatic artery catheter.At different time points after the transplantation,the patients' liver function and prothrombin time(PT) were evaluated,and the survival rate and symptoms of the patients were recorded.Results All the serum biochemical indexes remained stable 2 weeks after the transplantation,and at 4 weeks after transplantation,levels of albumin was increased significantly in comparison with the preoperative level((30.91 ±4.00) g/L vs (26.65 ±5.30) g/L,t =3.07,P ＜0.05).At 12 weeks,the levels of albumin further increased((32.00 ±6.18) g/L vs (26.65 ±5.30) g/L,t =3.02 P ＜ 0.01).While at 12 weeks after operation,there was significant difference on the total bilirubin ((39.94 ± 21.15) mmol/L vs (125.01 ± 150.05) mmol/L; t =2.63,P ＜ 0.05),tolal bile acid ((41.63 ±33.91) μmol/L vs (78.00 ± 59.80) pmol/L;t =2.53,P ＜ 0.05) when compared with the preoperative level.4weeks after operation,the liver enzyme indicators changed significantly when compared with the preoperative level (P ＜0.05).At 12 weeks after operation,there was significant difference on the PT((14.71 ± 1.59) s vs (21.40 ± 6.07) s,t =5.01,P ＜ 0.01) and the level of fibrinogen ((2.64 ± 0.61) g/L vs (1.66 ± 0.94) g/L,t =4.17,P ＜0.01).1 week after the transplantation,90.67％ patients exhibited improved appetite and 88.5％patients showed better physical strength; at 2 weeks,hepatic face improved in 16 cases (63.5％),and spider telangiectasia was significantly reduced in 1 case;at 12 weeks,the survival rate of the patients was 77.44％,and 3 died or gave up treatment due to chronic liver failure complicated by spontaneous bacterial peritonitis,hepatorenal syndrome,or DIC.No complications associated with the transplantation occurred in these patients.Conclusion MSCs transplantation can significantly improve the liver function of patients with decompensated hepatic cirrhosis with good safety and effectiveness,but the indications should be strictly controlled.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the clinical value of the pumping and popliteal vein thrombosis contact thrombolytic treatment of lower extremity deep venous thrombosis(LEDVT).MethodsFor thirty deep venous thrombosis patients with ipsilateral popliteal vein approach through a comprehensive intervention,the line of the inferior vena cava filter was implanted under the premise of first balloon mechanical thrombus fragmentation and thrombus aspiration by 10 F improved the inferior vena cava stents conveying sheath,followed by the line of contact thrombolytic therapy.Four patients underwent iliac vein in the thrombolytic treatment of stent implantation.Vein patency and venous patency score and health and poor limb circumference difference were used to assess efficacy of treatment.Patients were followed up for at least 1 year.ResultsThe technical success rate was 100％.At six months after sugery,the mean lower limb circumference difference of the 30 patients was＜ 1.5 cm.Lower limb venous angiography showed significantly improved vein patency score [ (9.5 ± 2.6) vs.(3.6 ± 2.1 ),Z =1.65,P ＜ 0.01 ].Venous patency rate was ( 69.5 ± 13.2) ％.No serious complications during treatment and the period of follow-up.Conclusion Transpopliteal vein interventional treatment of lower extremity deep venous thrombosis is simple,safe and effective.

With more and more international medical students studying medicine in China,international medical education becomes an important part of Chinese medical education.By integration of basic and clinical pharmacology,the teaching mode of theory,experiment,problem based learning and seminar was applied to the international medical students according to their characteristics and specificity.75％,80％ and 70％ of the total international medical students respectively passed the two consecutive final exams and one pharmacology group exam.Through the teaching of pharmacology for international medical students major in MBBS,this author aims to explore the teaching mode of pharmacology for the international medical students.