Objective To investigate the relationship between serum levels of plasminogen activator inhibi-tor-1(PAI-1)and annexin A2(ANXA2)and the carotid atherosclerosis stability(CAS)plaque in patients with transient ischemic attack(TIA).Methods A total of 131 patients with TIA admitted to the hospital from January 2021 to January 2023 were selected as the TIA group,and 46 healthy people in the same period were selected as the control group.According to the CAS plaque stability of TIA patients,they were divided into unstable plaque group(64 cases)and stable plaque/no plaque group(67 cases).The serum levels of PAI-1 and ANXA2 were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and chemiluminescence immunoassay,respectively.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the factors of CAS plaque stability in TIA patients.Receiver operating characteristic curve was used to analyze the predictive value of serum PAI-1 and ANXA2 levels for CAS instability in TIA patients.Results Compared with the control group,the levels of PAI-1 and ANXA2 in TIA group were significantly increased(P<0.05).Compared with the stable plaque/no plaque group,the unstable plaque group was significant increaseed in the serum levels of PAI-1 and ANXA2(P<0.05).Smoking,high risk of TIA,elevated PAI-1 and ANXA2 were independent risk factors for CAS plaque stability in patients with TIA(P<0.05).The area under the curve predicted by serum PAI-1 and ANXA2 levels combined was 0.879,which was larger than 0.788 and 0.783 predicted by serum PAI-1 and ANXA2 levels alone(P<0.05).Conclusion The increased levels of serum PAI-1 and ANXA2 are closely re-lated to CAS plaque instability in patients with TIA.The combination of serum PAI-1 and ANXA2 levels has a higher value in predicting CAS plaque instability in patients with TIA.

Objective To investigate the preoperative risk factors of occurrence of intra-operative ventricular fibrillation (VF) in patients with acute inferior myocardial infarction undergoing emergency percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI). Methods A retrospective approach was conducted, 572 patients with acute inferior myocardial infarction admitted to Cangzhou City People's Hospital from May 2016 to May 2018 were enrolled, and they were divided into VF group (50 cases) and non-VF group (520 cases) according to whether the intra-operative complication of VF occurred. The clinical data of the two groups of patients were collected, and the related risk factors were analyzed by univariate and multivariate analyses to explore the preoperative risk factors related to VF intra-operative occurrence in patients with acute inferior myocardial infarction undergoing emergency PCI; the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was drawn to evaluate the test efficiencies of all kinds of risk factors. Results The univariate analysis showed that the ratio of Killip > Ⅰ grade, infarct area size/blood potassium concentration (IS/[K]) and symptom onset to balloon dilatation time (SOTBT) in the VF group were significantly higher than those in the non-VF group [Killip > Ⅰ grade:36.5% (19/52) vs. 24.0% (125/520), IS/[K]: 3.2±0.3 vs. 2.5±0.8, SOTBT (hours): 6.3 (2.1, 8.0) vs. 4.6 (1.8, 6.5)], the differences were statistically significant (all P < 0.05); the T wave peak to T end interval/QT interval (Tp-e/QT) and blood potassium level of the VF group were significantly lower than those of the non-VF group [Tp-e/QT: 0.3±0.1 vs. 0.4±0.1; blood potassium (mmol/L): 2.8±0.5 vs. 4.1±1.2, both P < 0.05]. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the SOTBT > 6 hours [odds ratio (OR) = 8.337], Killip >Ⅰ grade (OR = 1.721), hypokalemia (OR = 1.031) and high IS/[K] (OR = 9.167) were independent risk factors for intra-operative occurrence of VF in patients with acute inferior myocardial infarction during emergency PCI (all P < 0.05). ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the ROC curve (AUC) of serum potassium, IS/[K], SOTBT > 6 hours and Killip > Ⅰ grade for predicting the intra-operative occurrence of VF during emergency PCI for patients with acute inferior myocardial infarction had certain values, their AUC were 0.633, 0.837, 0.821, 0.682, respectively, suggesting that IS/[K] and SOTBT > 6 hours had moderate predictive values, and serum potassium, Killip > Ⅰ grade had relatively low predicative values; when the optimal cut-off value of IS/[K] was 2.8, the sensitivity was 85.5% and the specificity was 80.0%. Conclusion SOTBT > 6 hours, Killip > Ⅰ grade, hypokalemia, and high IS/[K] are independent risk factors of intra-operative occurrence of VF in patients with acute inferior myocardial infarction undergoing emergency PCI.

Objective To explore the possible causative factors of appearance of ventricular fibrillation (VF) during emergency percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with acute inferior myocardial infarction. Methods Five hundred and seventy two patients with acute inferior myocardial infarction who underwent emergency PCI 24 hours after onset from May 2016 to May 2018 in Cangzhou People's Hospital were enrolled, they were divided into a VF group (52 cases) and a non-VF group (NVF, 520 cases) according to whether VF occurred or not during PCI. The differences in clinical data, characteristics of coronary artery disease and coronary artery score (Gensini score) between the two groups were compared; multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the risk factors related to the occurrence of VF during emergency PCI; the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was drawn to evaluate the efficacy of each risk factor. Results There were no statistical significant differences in sex, age, past histories of drinking alcohol, smoking, hypertension, diabetes, previous use of β blockers, aspirin, the peak values at admission of systolic blood pressure, heart rate, creatine kinase isoenzyme (CK-MB) and cardiac troponin I (cTnI), etc between the two groups (all P > 0.05). The proportions of patients with grade 0 blood flow in myocardial infarction thrombolysis (TIMI) before recanalization, with high thrombus load, criminal vessels being right coronary artery (RCA) and proximal segment of RCA, Gensini score in VF group were significantly higher than those in NVF group [TIMI 0: 80.8% (42/52) vs. 58.1% (302/520), high thrombus load: 71.2% (37/52) vs. 58.1% (302/520), criminals being RCA: 84.6% (44/52) vs. 73.7% (383/520), the occlusion site of infarction-related artery (IRA) being the proximal segment of RCA: 61.5% (32/52) vs. 41.2% (214/520), Gensini scores: 93.84±16.48 vs. 61.37±20.01, all P < 0.05]. The multiple logistic regression analysis showed that the risk factors for VF occurrence during emergency PCI for patients with acute inferior myocardial infarction included the criminals being RCA [odds ratio (OR) = 1.967, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) = 1.696-3.015, P =0.032], TIMI blood flow grade 0 before re-canalization (OR = 3.032, 95%CI = 1.248-3.675, P = 0.043), the occlusion site of infarction-related artery (IRA) being the proximal segment of RCA (OR = 2.288, 95%CI = 1.458-3.895, P =0.024), Gensini score (OR = 6.558, 95%CI = 2.168-13.359, P = 0.001] and high thrombus load (OR = 1.781, 95%CI =1.016-3.017, P = 0.033); they all were risk factors of occurrence of ventricular fibrillation during emergency PCI in patients with acute inferior myocardial infarction (all P < 0.05). ROC curve analysis showed that TIMI blood flow grade 0 before re-canalization, Gensini score and higher thrombus load had certain predictive value for VF occurrence during emergency PCI for acute inferior wall myocardial infarction; the area under ROC curve (AUC) was 0.613, 0.869 and 0.605, and 95% CI was 0.540-0.687, 0.787-0.969 and 0.521-0.675, the P value was 0.007, 0.000 and 0.012, respectively, suggesting that Gensini score had moderate predictive value for intra-operative VF, while the predictive values of TIMI blood flow grade 0 before re-canalization and higher thrombus load were relatively low. When the Gensini score had an optimal cutoff value of 96.50, the sensitivity was 85.50% and the specificity was 81.20%. Conclusion The risk factors of VF occurrence in emergency PCI for patients with acute inferior myocardial infarction are criminal vessel RCA, TIMI blood flow grade 0 before re-canalization, IRA occlusion site being proximal segment of RCA, Gensini score and high thrombus load; pre-recanalization TIMI blood flow grade 0, Gensini score and higher thrombus load all have certain predictive value for the occurrence of VF in emergency PCI for acute inferior myocardial infarction.

Objective To investigate the prognostic risk factors of patients with acute inferior myocardial infarction and intra-operative occurrence of ventricular fibrillation (VF) when undergoing emergency percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods The data of 52 patients with acute inferior myocardial infarction treated in Cangzhou City People's Hospital from May 2016 to May 2018 were retrospectively analyzed, and they were divided into poor prognosis group (19 cases) and good prognosis group (33 cases) according to whether cardiovascular events occurred during 1 year of follow-up. The patients' gender, age, smoking or not, histories of diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and the results of well performed color echocardiography within recent 3 days, such as left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), cardiac infarction size (IS), and coronary Gensini score were recorded in the two groups; the indicators with statistical significance in univariate analysis were included in the multivariate logistic regression analysis to screen out the prognostic risk factors of patients with acute inferior wall myocardial infarction undergoing emergency PCI and occurrence of intra-operative VF; Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was drawn to evaluate the values of coronary Gensini score and IS in predicting intraoperative occurrence of VF in patients with acute inferior wall myocardial infarction undergoing emergency PCI. Results During 1-year follow-up, 19 of 52 patients with acute inferior myocardial infarction occurred VF, the incidence being 36.5%. The univariate analysis showed that the IS and Gensini score in poor prognosis group were significantly higher than those in the good prognosis group [IS: (3.2±0.2)% vs. (2.5±0.4)%, Gensini score: 98.8±12.5 vs. 85.7±8.4, both P < 0.05], the LVEF level was significantly lower in the poor prognosis group than that in the good prognosis group (0.37±0.08 vs. 0.46±0.11, P < 0.05). The multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that IS [odds ratio (OR) = 5.016] and coronary Gensini score (OR = 2.415) were the risk factors of occurrence of cardiovascular events after surgery in patients with acute inferior myocardial infarction and intra-operative VF when undergoing PCI (P < 0.05). The ROC curve analysis showed that IS and coronary Gensini scores had certain predictive values for the prognosis of patients with acute inferior myocardial infarction and occurrence of intra-operative VF when undergoing emergency PCI, the area under the ROC curve (AUC) was 0.863 and 0.597, respectively, indicating that IS had a medium predictive value, while the value of coronary Gensini score was lower, when the IS optimal cut off value was 3.0, the sensitivity was 89.4% and the specificity was 88.0%. Conclusion High IS and Gensini score are the risk factors of prognosis of patients with acute inferior myocardial infarction and intra-operative occurrence of VF when undergoing emergency PCI.

Objective:To acquire Chinese IL 18 mature peptide cDNA from adult PBMC,adult bone marrow cDNA libray,adult tonsil cDNA library,Embryonic cerebrum and cerebellum aged 3 months,Embryonic cerebrum and cerebellum aged 8 months.Methods:By RT PCR to aquire Chinese IL 18 mature peptide cDNA.Results:The six sequences of our seven species have basepair variation.Conclusion:The cDNA of Chinese IL 18 has polymorphism.