Body weight abnormalities, including overweight, obesity, and underweight, have become a dual public health challenge in Chinese adults: overweight and obesity lead to a variety of chronic complications, while underweight increases the risks of malnutrition, sarcopenia, and organ dysfunction. To systematically address these issues, multidisciplinary experts in endocrinology, sports science, nutrition, and psychiatry from various regions have held multiple weight management seminars. Based on the latest epidemiological data and clinical evidence, they expanded the guideline to include assessment and intervention strategies for underweight, in addition to the core content of obesity management. This guideline outlines the etiological mechanisms, evaluation methods, and multidimensional management strategies for overweight and obesity, covering key areas such as diagnosis and assessment, medical nutrition therapy, exercise prescription, pharmacological intervention, and psychological support. It is intended to provide a scientific and standardized approach to weight management across the adult population, aiming to curb the rising prevalence of obesity, mitigate complications associated with abnormal body weight, and improve nutritional status and overall quality of life.

Body weight abnormalities, including overweight, obesity, and underweight, have become a dual public health challenge in Chinese adults: overweight and obesity lead to a variety of chronic complications, while underweight increases the risks of malnutrition, sarcopenia, and organ dysfunction. To systematically address these issues, multidisciplinary experts in endocrinology, sports science, nutrition, and psychiatry from various regions have held multiple weight management seminars. Based on the latest epidemiological data and clinical evidence, they expanded the guideline to include assessment and intervention strategies for underweight, in addition to the core content of obesity management. This guideline outlines the etiological mechanisms, evaluation methods, and multidimensional management strategies for overweight and obesity, covering key areas such as diagnosis and assessment, medical nutrition therapy, exercise prescription, pharmacological intervention, and psychological support. It is intended to provide a scientific and standardized approach to weight management across the adult population, aiming to curb the rising prevalence of obesity, mitigate complications associated with abnormal body weight, and improve nutritional status and overall quality of life.

Objective: To investigate the clinical features of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in patients with aplastic anemia (AA) undergoing immunosuppressive therapy (IST) . Methods: In this prospective cohort study, we collected the demographic and clinical data of patients with AA and COVID-19 from December 1, 2022, to January 31, 2023. We described the clinical features of COVID-19 among patients with AA and evaluated the effects of IST on the signs and severity of COVID-19. Results: A total of 170 patients with AA and COVID-19 were included. The common early symptoms, including fever, dizziness or headache, muscle or body aches, and sore throat, disappeared within 1-2 weeks. Approximately 25% of the patients had persistent fatigue within 2 weeks. Many patients experienced cough after an initial 1-3 days of infection, which lasted for more than 2 weeks. There were no differences in the duration of total fever episodes and maximum body temperature when patients were stratified according to whether or not they underwent IST, by IST duration, or by use of anti-lymphocyte globulin (ALG) (P>0.05). No differences were observed in the occurrence of symptoms in either the early or recovery stages when patients with AA were stratified according to whether or not they underwent IST, or by IST duration (P>0.05). However, patients who received ALG had fewer fever episodes within 1 week after infection (P=0.035) and more sore throat episodes within 2 weeks after infection (P=0.015). There were no other significant differences in clinical symptoms between patients who did and patients who did not receive ALG (P>0.05) . Conclusion: The majority of patients with AA and COVID-19 recovered within 2 weeks of noticing symptoms when treated with IST.
Humans ; Anemia, Aplastic ; COVID-19 ; Prospective Studies ; Fever ; Immunosuppression Therapy ; Pharyngitis

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of Yiqi Jiedu prescription-containing serum on the proliferation of medullary thymic epithelial cells （mTEC） and regulatory T （Treg） cells in myasthenia gravis （MG） patients with thymus hyperplasia. MethodAccording to serological methods，35 SD rats were adaptively fed for one week and randomized into the low-，medium-， and high-dose Yiqi Jiedu prescription groups，control group， and prednisone group，with seven rats in each group， which were then gavaged with the corresponding drugs for one week for preparing the drug-containing serum. The effect of Yiqi Jiedu prescription-containing serum at different concentrations on the proliferation of mTEC and Treg cells were determined by cell counting kit-8 （CCK-8） assay. Besides， the effect of mTEC and Yiqi Jiedu prescription-containing serum on Treg cell proliferation were observed through co-culture. ResultThymocytes were cultured for a period of time. Their mean positive rate revealed by flow cytometry using mTEC characteristic marker Ulex europaeus agglutinin Ⅰ （UEAI） was 92.54%. Treg cells were sorted by magnetic beads. The purity of Treg cells after repeated magnetic bead sorting was as high as 92%. mTEC and Treg cells showed high positive expression rates，and their cell purity met the requirements of subsequent experiments. When the concentration of Yiqi Jiedu prescription-containing serum was 2.5%-15%，it exhibited an inhibitory effect against mTEC and Treg cells. When the concentration was equal to or greater than 20%，it promoted cell proliferation，which was further enhanced with the extension of action time. The results after 48 h of culture showed that compared with the control group，prednisone and low-dose Yiqi Jiedu prescription had no significant effect on the proliferation of these two kinds of cells，but the medium- and high-dose Yiqi Jiedu prescription remarkably reduced their proliferation inhibition rate （P<0.01）. After co-culture with mTEC， the control group was not significantly different from the prednisone group and the low-dose Yiqi Jiedu prescription-containing serum group in the proliferation of Treg cells，while the medium- and high-dose Yiqi Jiedu prescription-containing serum groups significantly lowered the proliferation inhibition rate （P<0.01）. ConclusionYiqi Jiedu prescription-containing serum affects the proliferation of mTEC and Treg cells in MG patients with thymus hyperplasia. Compared with the solely cultured Treg cells isolated from MG patients，the Treg cells co-cultured with mTEC exhibit enhanced proliferation in MG patients，suggesting that mTEC can regulate the proliferation of Treg cells. This effect becomes more obvious after the intervention with Yiqi Jiedu prescription-containing serum，indicating that intervention effect of Yiqi Jiedu prescription on Treg cells can be produced during its treatment of mTEC， which may be one of the mechanisms of Yiqi Jiedu prescription-containing serum in alleviating MG.

Objective:To analyze the general situation and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome characteristics in patients with coronavirus disease-2019（COVID-19） in Anhui province, and to provide a basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment. Method:The 144 cases of COVID-19 patients in Anhui province were collected from designated hospitals by means of multi-center cross-sectional epidemiological survey. The TCM syndrome information collection table of patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia was created to collect the general data, etiology and pathogenesis, pulse and signs, syndrome type and frequency statistics of the patients, and then summarize and analyze the main symptoms and syndrome distribution characteristics of patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia. Result:The mean age of 144 patients with COVID-19 infection was （43.54±15.91） years old, and the number of males was larger than the number of females (9/7). The age distribution and gender difference of the patients were statistically significant (P<0.05). 36.11%（52/144） of the patients had a history of travel/residence in Wuhan/Hubei province, and 63.89% (92/144) of the patients had a history of close contact with the confirmed patients. The main clinical manifestations included fever, cough, diarrhea, fatigue and poor tolerance. Light red tongue and red tongue were dominant in tongue quality, with mainly greasy coating, slippery pulse, rapid pulse and soft pulse were the main types of pulse. The main types of syndrome differentiation were the common type (76.38%, 110/144), most of which were demonstrated as dampness obstructing the lung and spleen (56.25%, 81/144). There was no significant difference in gender composition and age distribution between two groups. Conclusion:The pathogenesis of COVID-19 patients in Anhui province is closely related to the lung and spleen, and the dampness caused by pathogen of the epidemic virus is the main pathological factor of disease, which is in line with characteristics of dampness epidemic in TCM, also can see concurrently "heat, poison, stasis" for a characteristic.