OBJECTIVE: To investigate the incidence of neonatal asphyxia and possible contributing factors for the development of severe asphyxia in Hubei Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, China. METHODS: A total of 16 hospitals in Hubei Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture were selected as research centers. A retrospective analysis was performed for the clinical data of 22 294 live births in these 16 hospitals from January to December, 2016 to investigate the incidence rate of neonatal asphyxia and possible contributing factors for the development of severe asphyxia. RESULTS: Of the 22 294 neonates born alive, 733 (3.29%) were diagnosed with neonatal asphyxia, among whom 627 had mild asphyxia and 106 had severe asphyxia. The neonates with low maternal education level, maternal anemia during pregnancy, chorioamnionitis, abnormal amniotic fluid, abnormal umbilical cord, placenta previa, placental abruption, Tujia Minority, preterm birth, and low birth weight had a higher incidence of severe asphyxia (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS The incidence rate of neonatal asphyxia in Hubei Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture is higher. Low maternal education level, maternal anemia during pregnancy, chorioamnionitis, abnormal amniotic fluid, abnormal umbilical cord, placenta previa, placental abruption, Tujia Minority, preterm birth, and low birth weight may be related to the development of severe neonatal asphyxia.
Asphyxia Neonatorum ; epidemiology ; China ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant, Newborn ; Retrospective Studies

Objective To understand the prevalence of HIV infection and its influencing factors in the premarital physical examination population in Dehong Prefecture, Yunnan Province, 2017. Methods The data of people receiving premarital medical examination was collected, the demographic characteristics was described and the related factors was analyzed by Logistic regression. Results There were 21 875 participants receiving premarital medical examination in Dehong. 98(0.45%) participants were confirmed positive for HIV and male infection rate was 0.47% (52/10 955) and female was 0.42% (46/10 920). Among the 98 patients, 20 patients were infected in the first time, and main route was sexual transmission accounting for 81.63% (80/98). Logistic multivariate regression analysis showed that age, ethnicity and drug use were the influencing factors for premarital couples infecting HIV. The risk of HIV infection in 31-40 and 41-50 years old group was higher than the people under 25 years old group(OR=3.78, 95% CI：1.81-7.89, P<0.001；OR=3.95, 95% CI：1.72-9.08, P=0.001). The infection risk of Dai and Jingpo ethnic group was higher than that of the Han ethnic(OR=1.86, 95% CI：1.06-3.29, P=0.031；OR=3.25, 95% CI：1.81-5.84, P<0.001). The risk of infection among drug users was much higher than non-drug users (OR=926.76, 95% CI：271.65-3 161.71, P<0.001). Conclusion Age, ethnicity, and drug use are influencing factors of HIV infection among premarital couples. Targeted measures need to be taken against risk factors. HIV infection is mainly transmitted by sexual transmission. It can be effectively detected and controlled through premarital medical examination.

BACKGROUND: The tooth ash can be used as a scaffold for bone tissue growth and provide calcium and phosphorus components during bone regeneration. Platelet-rich plasma can promote the soft and hard tissue regeneration. However, either of them has its shortcomings.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of platelet-rich plasma combined with tooth ash in repairing skull bone defects. METHODS: Nine healthy rabbits were selected to make bone defects on both sides of the skull. Rabbit platelet-rich plasma combined with tooth ash was implanted into the skull defect on the left side as experimental group, while rabbit platelet-rich plasma was implanted into the skull defect on the right side as control group. Skull samples were taken out at 4, 6, 8 weeks after implantation for soft X-ray detection, hematoxylin-eosin staining and modified Gomori staining. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Soft X-ray: The trabecular bone area of the experimental group was larger than that of the control group at 6 and 8 weeks after implantation (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). (2) Hematoxylin-eosin staining: With the duration of implantation, newly formed fibers with bone structure gradually reduced at the defect sites in both groups, and there was a orderly layered arrangement in the bone structure and increased calcification. Compared with the control group, relatively higher new bone maturity, better bone trabecular arrangement and more osteoblasts were observed in the experimental group. (3) Modified Gomori staining: With the prolongation of implantation time, the new bone became mature gradually in the two groups, and the bone maturity in the experimental group was higher than that in the control group. To conclude, platelet-rich fibrin combined with tooth ash is better to promote bone defect repair.

BACKGROUND:Meta-analysis results have shown that Duhuojisheng Decoction can improve the symptoms and relieve the pain of patients with knee osteoarthritis, but the mechanism and pathway are not very clear.OBJECTIVE:To further verify the curative effect of Duhuojisheng Decoction for primary knee osteoarthritis in macaca fascicularis. METHODS: Under natural conditions, 6 clean young macaca fascicularis (aged 3-5 years, normal group) and 6 elderly macaca fascicularis (aged more than 20 years, model group) were selected from 24 macaca fascicularis. The models of primary knee osteoarthritis were established in the model group,then aged animals were randomly divided into control and intervention(given the treatment of Duhuojisheng Decoction) groups. The number of whole blood leukocytes, C-reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, properties of the joint fluid and expression level of tumor necrosis factor-α were compared between the control and intervention groups. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The aged macaca fascicularis was characterized by a typical osteoarthritis similar to human. Treatment with Duhuojisheng Decoction significantly down-regulated the expression level of tumor necrosis factor-α and significantly reduced the levels of whole blood leukocytes, and C-reactive protein. Our results suggest that the aged macaca fascicularis model of primary knee osteoarthritis is an effective animal model to simulate the occurrence and development of human primary knee osteoarthritis.Duhuojisheng decoction alleviates the progression of primary knee osteoarthritis probably by inhibiting the expression level of tumor necrosis factor-α and decreasing the levels of inflammatory factors in the articular cartilage. Additionally, the levels of whole blood leukocytes and C-reactive protein are important parameters for the prediction of curative effects.

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy of laparoscopy and short poly FURS in treatment of UPJO combined with renal stones. Methods From May 2014 to November 2016, 20 patients with ureteropelvic junction stricture in our hospital were treated with Laparoscopy and short poly FURS lithotripsy, the clinical data of the patients before and after operation were retrospectively analyzed. Results The patients in this group were successfully operated in stage I, and the hemoglobin descent rate did not change significantly before and after operation. No need of blood transfusion, the first day after the review of urinary tract plain film observed DJ tube position, postoperative back to hospital in March pulled out of DJ tube, postoperative follow-up 6 months to 1 year, the patient recovered well, no long-term complications. Conclusion Laparoscopy and short poly FURS lithotripsy, has satisfactory effects and no significant complications which should be promoted.

Objective To investigate the resistance mechanism of a carbapenems-resistant Leclercia adcarboxglata.Methods The species was identified by the automatic microbial analyzer,matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) and 16S rRNA sequence analysis.The conventional drug susceptibility test was detected with automatic microbial analyzer,and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for imipenem was examined by E-test.The phenotypes of carbapenemase were detected by modified carbapenem inactivation method (mCIM) and the genotypes of resistance genes were detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and DNA sequencing.The characteristics of the carried plasmid were analyzed by conjugation test and S1pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (S1-PFGE).Results The clinical isolates of Leclercia adcarboxglata were resistant to imipenem,other beta-lactam antibiotics(except aztreonam) and aminoglycosides,but sensitive to quinolones and sulfonamides.The conjugation test resulted in a drug-resistance spectrum of the receptor strain E.coli J53 similar to Leclercia adcarboxglata bacteria.The phenotype of carbapenemase was positive.PCR amplification and sequencing analysis showed that blaNDM-1,blaTEM and aac (6')-Ib were detectable in the isolates simultaneously,while the conjugon only carried blaNDM-1.S1-PFGE revealed that Leclercia adcarboxglata carried 3 plasmids.Conclusion The carbapenems resistance of Leclercia adcarboxglata may contribute to carrying blaNDM-1 gene which may exist in an around 100 kb plasmid transmitted with conjugation.

The issues of disordering production and non-standard pesticide application are common in the production of Chinese herbal medicines. Aimed to above problems, research groups built the pollution-free and precision cultivation system of medicinal plants. This system mainly included the precise site selection of medicinal plants based on the GIS technology, modern omics-assisted breeding, metagenomics guiding the soil complex improvement, and the precise field management based on rational application of fertilizer and comprehensive control of disease. At present, the production and distribution of medicinal plants were performed in the many poor counties of the whole nation. The breeding platform of resistant varieties was built, and certificates of new and well-bred varieties were received, in the base of genetic backgrounds of the original species of medicinal plants. The disease incidences were declined after application of these resistant varieties. Additionally, chemical pesticide consumption of medicinal plants (such as Panax ginseng, P. notoginseng, Salvia miltiorrhiza, P. quinquefolium, Schisandra chinensis, Platycodon grandiflorum and P. grandiflorus etc.) reduced by 20%-80% based on the genetic testing technologies of plant diseases and insect pests and safety evaluation of pollution-free pesticides. The application of pollution-free and precision cultivation system of Chinese herbal medicines achieve significantly social, economic and ecological benefits.

The present study was conducted to investigate the rule of sex steroid hormones dynamic in the periodic development of Whitmania pigra gonad. The dynamic of sex steroid hormones in different age of Wh. pigra were detected by enzymolysis, extraction and UPLC-MS/MS. The results showed that the concentrations of estrone, estriol, testosterone and progesterone in the Wh. pigra showed M-type curve and peaked in 6-month-old Wh. pigra. The concentrations of above-mentioned four steroid hormones were the lowest in 9-month-old and then increased slightly. The another peaks of testosterone and progesterone were found in 2-month-old and the another peaks of estrone and estriol were obtained in 8-month-old. The concentrations of testosterone and progesterone are slightly higher than estriol during 1-month-old to 4-month-old, and thereafter strone and estriol showed higher concentration than testosterone and progesterone. In summary, the concentrations of four sex steroid hormones in Wh. pigra increased gradually with the maturation of gonads and decreased rapidly after the discharge period, which indicated that the ratio between estrogen, androgen and progesterone may be greatly related to the specificity of gonad development.

Objectives: To study serum level of M2-muscarinic receptor autoantibody (M2-AAb) in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) patients with its relationship to relevant clinical parameters. Methods: Our research included in 2 groups: HCM group, 133 patients and they were divided into 3 subgroups:Obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HOCM) subgroup, 72, Latent obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (LHOCM) subgroup, 22 and Non-obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (NOCM) subgroup, 39; since there was no obstruction of left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) in LHOCM and NOCM patients at resting, LHOCM and NOCM patients were combined as LHOCM+NOCM subgroup, 61 in comparison with HOCM subgroup. And Control group, 40 subjects had no organic heart disease and autoimmune diseases which were confirmed by 12 lead ECG, transthoracic echocardiography and routine hematological tests, they were not using β-blockers, glucocorticoids and immune-suppressants. Serum levels of M2-AAb were examined by ELISA, the relationship between M2-AAb and relevant clinical parameters were studied. Results: Compared with Control group, HCM group had increased serum level of M2-AAb [22.91 (17.21, 29.64) ng/ml] vs (17.14±5.66) ng/ml, P<0.01; M2-AAb was similar among HOCM, LHOCM and NOCM subgroups; M2-AAb in female patients were higher than male, P=0.001. Further investigation presented that the patients with family history of sudden death had the higher M2-AAb, P<0.05; patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) or left atrial diameter (LAD)≥50 mm or moderate to severe mitral regurgitation (MR) had the higher M2-AAb than those without such problems, all P<0.05. In HCM group, log M2-AAb was positively related to resting LVOT gradient (r=0.178, P=0.040); in HOCM subgroup, log M2-AAb was marginal positively related to resting LVOT gradient (r=0.224, P=0.058). Conclusions: Serum M2-AAb was elevated in HCM patients; gender, family history of sudden death may affect M2-AAb level; patients combining AF or LAD≥50 mm or moderate-severe MR had the higher M2-AAb and it was related to resting LVOT gradient.

Objective To investigate the clinical features of elderly patients with stage 3-4 chronic kidney disease ( CKD ) and to analyze the risk factors of the kidney function progression. Methods This was a cross-sectional study. The clinic data of elderly patients (≥60 years) with stable clinical manifestation in Beijing Hospital from January ,2014 to December ,2015 was collected.Based upon the eGFR derived from Cockcroft-Gault (CG) equation ,all patients were divided into groups of CKD 3a group ,CKD 3b group and CKD 4 group ,respectively. Moreover ,patients were separated into the old group (＜ 80 years) and the very old group (≥80 years) based on the age. The demographic features ,primary diseases history ,body mass index (BMI) ,blood routine ,urine routine , blood biochemistry ,Cystatin C and iPTH were recorded.Logistic regression analysis of kidney function progression was also conducted. Results One-hundred and eighty-three cases were enrolled with a mean age of(80 ± 9)years.Along with the descent of kidney function ,the age ,levels of proteinuria and iPTH gradually ascended (F＝ 12.352 ,5.910 ,5.910 ;P＝ 0.000 ,0.003 ,0.003 ,respectively) and the BMI and serum albumin gradually descended (F＝9.758 ,11.088 ;P＝0.000 ,0.000 ,respectively).In addition ,compared to the old group ,very old group was associated with decreased level of eGFR [(37.1 ± 9.9) ml·min－1·1.73 m －2vs. (44.0 ± 12.0) ml·min－1·1.73 m －2,t＝ －4.280 ,P＝0.000] and increasedlevelofCystatinC[(1.71±0.84)mg/L vs. (1.40±0.69)mg/L ,t＝3.484 ,P＝0.001].The Logistic regression analysis indicated that the proteinuria was an independent risk factor for the progression of kidney function ( OR ＝3.856 ,P＝0.004). Conclusions As the gradually descended of the eGFR level in elderly patients with stage 3-4 CKD ,age ,proteinuria and iPTH gradually ascended ,BMI and serum albumin descended ,respectively. The level of eGFR decreased and CystatinC increased significantly with the increasing age. Proteinuria was an independent risk factor for progression of the kidney function.