The scaphoid bone is one of the important bone of hand,which is frequently injured and difficult to treat in clinical practice.Therefore,it is very important to deeply study the microstructure and biomechanical characteristics of the scaphoid bone for understanding its injury mechanism and optimizing treatment scheme.Microcomputed tomography(micro-CT)provides high-resolution imaging of bone tissue,while finite element analysis can help to simulate the stress distribution and behavioral patterns of the scaphoid bone under various physiological and pathological states.The high-resolution three-dimensional image of the scaphoid bone obtained by micro-CT technology can be used to construct finite element models of real anatomical structure of the scaphoid bone,thus achieving accurate simulation of the mechanical properties of the scaphoid bone.The fusion of these two advanced technologies provides a new perspective for revealing the structural and functional relationships and injury mechanism of the scaphoid bone.Therefore,this paper reviews the anatomical characteristics of the scaphoid bone and its biomechanical behavior in different states,emphasizing the specific applications and advantages of micro-CT and finite element analysis techniques in the study of the scaphoid bone.By summarizing the research findings in recent years,this paper provides novel scientific basis and methods for the diagnosis,treatment,and prevention of scaphoid bone-related disorders.

Objective:To investigate the basic situation of occupational internal exposure to 131I among staff in the nuclear medicine department. Methods:Direct in- vitro measurements of thyroid doses from internal exposure were conducted for six months on 36 staff members of a hospital′s nuclear medicine department in Nanjing using the ORTEC Detective-100 portable high-purity germanium (HPGe) spectrometer. The cumulative effective doses were estimated, and the distribution of internal doses and their relationship with job type and external doses were analyzed. Results:During the monitoring period, a total of 203 monitorings were made. Of the monitoring result, 85.7% were below the recording level. Of the result exceeding the recording level, 12.8% were below the investigation level, while 1.5% exceeded the investigation level. The highest personal internal dose during the monitoring period was 2.54 mSv, the lowest was 0.015 mSv, and the median was 0.094 mSv.Conclusions:During the monitoring period, 14.3% of the monitored staff had result above the recorded levels. In the working environment of radionuclide treatment, there is no significant difference in the internal dose received between doctors, nurses, technicians, or other relevant personnel.

Obesity, as a chronic recurrent disease, has become a major public health challenge in China. To implement the requirements of the Healthy China Initiative (2019—2030), under domestic guidelines or consensus statements on overweight and obesity, and in alignment with the latest scientific advances globally, the Quality control protocol for adult overweight and obesity screening in health management (examination) institutions (2025 edition) was developed. This protocol was drafted by the Health Management Center of Shanghai Changzheng Hospital and formulated through multiple rounds of deliberation by experts in China’s health examination quality control field. The protocol establishes unified standards for screening facilities, personnel qualifications, and measurement or testing procedures. It defines specific screening items, outlines a standardized screening pathway, and sets requirements for the final medical review, ensuring the scientific validity, effectiveness, and safety of the screening process. The implementation of this protocol will enhance the consistency of weight management practices for adults across health examination institutions and strengthen the quality control of overweight and obesity screening programs.

BACKGROUND: Disease-modifying therapies have been approved for the treatment of relapsing multiple sclerosis (RMS). The present study aims to examine the safety of teriflunomide in Chinese patients with RMS. METHODS: This non-randomized, multi-center, 24-week, prospective study enrolled RMS patients with variant (c.421C>A) or wild type ABCG2 who received once-daily oral teriflunomide 14 mg. The primary endpoint was the relationship between ABCG2 polymorphisms and teriflunomide exposure over 24 weeks. Safety was assessed over the 24-week treatment with teriflunomide. RESULTS: Eighty-two patients were assigned to variant ( n  = 42) and wild type groups ( n  = 40), respectively. Geometric mean and geometric standard deviation (SD) of pre-dose concentration (variant, 54.9 [38.0] μg/mL; wild type, 49.1 [32.0] μg/mL) and area under plasma concentration-time curve over a dosing interval (AUC tau ) (variant, 1731.3 [769.0] μg∙h/mL; wild type, 1564.5 [1053.0] μg∙h/mL) values at steady state were approximately similar between the two groups. Safety profile was similar and well tolerated across variant and wild type groups in terms of rates of treatment emergent adverse events (TEAE), treatment-related TEAE, grade ≥3 TEAE, and serious adverse events (AEs). No new specific safety concerns or deaths were reported in the study. CONCLUSION: ABCG2 polymorphisms did not affect the steady-state exposure of teriflunomide, suggesting a similar efficacy and safety profile between variant and wild type RMS patients. REGISTRATION NCT04410965, https://clinicaltrials.gov .
Humans ; Crotonates/adverse effects* ; Toluidines/adverse effects* ; Nitriles ; Hydroxybutyrates ; Female ; Male ; Adult ; ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 2/genetics* ; Middle Aged ; Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting/genetics* ; Prospective Studies ; Young Adult ; Neoplasm Proteins/genetics* ; East Asian People

Polygonati Rhizoma demonstrates significant potential for addressing both chronic and hidden hunger. The supply of high-quality seedlings is a primary factor influencing the development of the Polygonati Rhizoma industry. Warm water soaking is often used in agriculture to promote the rapid germination of seeds, while its application and molecular mechanism in Polygonati Rhizoma have not been reported. To rapidly obtain high-quality seedlings, this study treated Polygonatum kingianum var. grandifolium seeds with sand storage at low temperatures, warm water soaking, and cultivation temperature gradients. The results showed that the culture at 25 ℃ or sand storage at 4 ℃ for 2 months rapidly broke the seed dormancy of P. kingianum var. grandifolium, while the culture at 20 ℃ or sand storage at 4 ℃ for 1 month failed to break the seed dormancy. Soaking seeds in 60 ℃ warm water further increased the germination rate, germination potential, and germination index. Specifically, the seeds soaked at 60 ℃ and cultured at 25 ℃ without sand storage treatment(Aa25) achieved a germination rate of 78. 67%±1. 53% on day 42 and 83. 40%±4. 63% on day 77. The seeds pretreated with sand storage at 4 ℃ for 2 months, soaked in 60 ℃ water, and then cultured at 25 ℃ achieved a germination rate comparable to that of Aa25 on day 77. Transcriptomic analysis indicated that warm water soaking might promote germination by triggering reactive oxygen species( ROS), inducing the expression of heat shock factors( HSFs) and heat shock proteins( HSPs), which accelerated DNA replication, transcript maturation, translation, and processing, thereby facilitating the accumulation and turnover of genetic materials. According to the results of indoor controlled experiments and field practices, maintaining a germination and seedling cultivation environment at approximately 25 ℃ was crucial for the one-year seedling cultivation of P. kingianum var. grandifolium.
Germination ; Seedlings/genetics* ; Water/metabolism* ; Seeds/metabolism* ; Polygonatum/genetics* ; Temperature ; Plant Proteins/genetics* ; Plant Dormancy

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical characteristics, curative effect and prognostic factors of patients with multiple myeloma (MM) complicated with light chain myocardial amyloidosis (AL-CA). METHODS: The data of 38 patients diagnosed with MM complicated with AL-CA in our hospital from January 2018 to December 2023 were retrospectively analyzed, and the data were comprehensively screened by multiple methods such as positive two-dimensional spot tracking echocardiography (2D-STE). Survival analysis was performed using the Kaplan-Meier method. Cox regression models were used to screen for independent prognostic factors. RESULTS: Among the 38 MM patients with AL-CA, 23 were male and 15 were female, with a median age of 60(50,75) years. The 1-year survival rate was 71.05%. Patients who underwent transplantation had significantly better survival outcomes than those who did not (P < 0.01). Additionally, the median survival time of patients with all-negative FISH results at the first visit was statistically different compared to patients with other mutations (P < 0.05). Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that all negative FISH results at the first visit and the absence of autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (ASCT) were not independent risk factor for the prognosis of patients with MM and AL-CA (P >0.05). CONCLUSION ASCT may improve the prognosis of MM patients with AL-CA, and negative FISH results may indicate poor prognosis, but the results still need to be verified by larger samples.
Humans ; Multiple Myeloma/complications* ; Retrospective Studies ; Aged ; Female ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prognosis ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; Amyloidosis/complications* ; Survival Rate ; Proportional Hazards Models

Objective To investigate the neuroprotective effect of tianma hookteng drink on mice epilepsy(EP)model by inhibiting p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase(p38 MAPK)/nuclear transcription factor-κB(NF-κB)signaling pathway.Methods Forty male Kunming mice were randomly divided into four groups:control group,model group,high-dose tianma hooker drink group and low-dose of tianma hooker drink group according to random number table method,with 10mice in each group.One week before model-ing,the mice in each group was given the appropriate drugs by gavage.Acute EP model in mice was constructed by pilocarpine hydrochlo-ride.The behavioral performance and electroencephalogram(EEG)in mice were evaluated;terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-medi-ated dUTP nick end labeling(TUNEL)staining method was applied to detect the number of apoptotic cells in hippocampal tissue of mice in each group;enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)was used to detect the superoxide dismutase(SOD)and malondialdehyde(MDA)levels in serum and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)and interleukin-6(IL-6)levels in hippocampal tissues;Western blot method was used to detect the protein expression levels of p38 MAPK and phosphorylated nuclear factor kappa B(p-NF-κB)in hippocampal tissue.Results Compared with the control group,continuous epileptiform waves were seen in the EEG of mice in the model group,with a significant increase in the number of spikes,spindles,and spindles-slow waves,and an increase in EP seizure frequency,duration,and seizure level(P＜0.01);neuronal apoptosis rate in hippocampal tissues was significantly elevated(P＜0.01);the lev-el of SOD in serum was decreased,and the level of MDA was increased(P＜0.05);the expression levels of TNF-α,IL-6 and the protein expression levels of p38 MAPK and p-NF-κB p65 were elevated in hippocampal tissue(P＜0.05).Compared with the model group,the frequency and intensity of epileptic waves in the EEG of mice in the high-dose and low-dose groups of tianma hooker drink were significantly reduced,and the frequency,duration and seizure level of EP seizures were reduced(P＜0.05);the apoptotic rate of neurons in hippocampal tissues were all reduced(P＜0.05);the level of SOD was increased,the level of MDA was decreased(P＜0.05);the expression levels of TNF-α,IL-6 and the protein expression levels of p38 MAPK and p-NF-κB p65 were decreased in hippocampal tissues(P＜0.05).Conclusion Tianma hookteng drink may exert anti-EP effect by inhibiting p38 MAPK/NF-κB sig-naling pathway.

Objective:To investigate the basic situation of occupational internal exposure to 131I among staff in the nuclear medicine department. Methods:Direct in- vitro measurements of thyroid doses from internal exposure were conducted for six months on 36 staff members of a hospital′s nuclear medicine department in Nanjing using the ORTEC Detective-100 portable high-purity germanium (HPGe) spectrometer. The cumulative effective doses were estimated, and the distribution of internal doses and their relationship with job type and external doses were analyzed. Results:During the monitoring period, a total of 203 monitorings were made. Of the monitoring result, 85.7% were below the recording level. Of the result exceeding the recording level, 12.8% were below the investigation level, while 1.5% exceeded the investigation level. The highest personal internal dose during the monitoring period was 2.54 mSv, the lowest was 0.015 mSv, and the median was 0.094 mSv.Conclusions:During the monitoring period, 14.3% of the monitored staff had result above the recorded levels. In the working environment of radionuclide treatment, there is no significant difference in the internal dose received between doctors, nurses, technicians, or other relevant personnel.

Objective To investigate the neuroprotective effect of tianma hookteng drink on mice epilepsy(EP)model by inhibiting p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase(p38 MAPK)/nuclear transcription factor-κB(NF-κB)signaling pathway.Methods Forty male Kunming mice were randomly divided into four groups:control group,model group,high-dose tianma hooker drink group and low-dose of tianma hooker drink group according to random number table method,with 10mice in each group.One week before model-ing,the mice in each group was given the appropriate drugs by gavage.Acute EP model in mice was constructed by pilocarpine hydrochlo-ride.The behavioral performance and electroencephalogram(EEG)in mice were evaluated;terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-medi-ated dUTP nick end labeling(TUNEL)staining method was applied to detect the number of apoptotic cells in hippocampal tissue of mice in each group;enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)was used to detect the superoxide dismutase(SOD)and malondialdehyde(MDA)levels in serum and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)and interleukin-6(IL-6)levels in hippocampal tissues;Western blot method was used to detect the protein expression levels of p38 MAPK and phosphorylated nuclear factor kappa B(p-NF-κB)in hippocampal tissue.Results Compared with the control group,continuous epileptiform waves were seen in the EEG of mice in the model group,with a significant increase in the number of spikes,spindles,and spindles-slow waves,and an increase in EP seizure frequency,duration,and seizure level(P＜0.01);neuronal apoptosis rate in hippocampal tissues was significantly elevated(P＜0.01);the lev-el of SOD in serum was decreased,and the level of MDA was increased(P＜0.05);the expression levels of TNF-α,IL-6 and the protein expression levels of p38 MAPK and p-NF-κB p65 were elevated in hippocampal tissue(P＜0.05).Compared with the model group,the frequency and intensity of epileptic waves in the EEG of mice in the high-dose and low-dose groups of tianma hooker drink were significantly reduced,and the frequency,duration and seizure level of EP seizures were reduced(P＜0.05);the apoptotic rate of neurons in hippocampal tissues were all reduced(P＜0.05);the level of SOD was increased,the level of MDA was decreased(P＜0.05);the expression levels of TNF-α,IL-6 and the protein expression levels of p38 MAPK and p-NF-κB p65 were decreased in hippocampal tissues(P＜0.05).Conclusion Tianma hookteng drink may exert anti-EP effect by inhibiting p38 MAPK/NF-κB sig-naling pathway.

The scaphoid bone is one of the important bone of hand,which is frequently injured and difficult to treat in clinical practice.Therefore,it is very important to deeply study the microstructure and biomechanical characteristics of the scaphoid bone for understanding its injury mechanism and optimizing treatment scheme.Microcomputed tomography(micro-CT)provides high-resolution imaging of bone tissue,while finite element analysis can help to simulate the stress distribution and behavioral patterns of the scaphoid bone under various physiological and pathological states.The high-resolution three-dimensional image of the scaphoid bone obtained by micro-CT technology can be used to construct finite element models of real anatomical structure of the scaphoid bone,thus achieving accurate simulation of the mechanical properties of the scaphoid bone.The fusion of these two advanced technologies provides a new perspective for revealing the structural and functional relationships and injury mechanism of the scaphoid bone.Therefore,this paper reviews the anatomical characteristics of the scaphoid bone and its biomechanical behavior in different states,emphasizing the specific applications and advantages of micro-CT and finite element analysis techniques in the study of the scaphoid bone.By summarizing the research findings in recent years,this paper provides novel scientific basis and methods for the diagnosis,treatment,and prevention of scaphoid bone-related disorders.