Body weight abnormalities, including overweight, obesity, and underweight, have become a dual public health challenge in Chinese adults: overweight and obesity lead to a variety of chronic complications, while underweight increases the risks of malnutrition, sarcopenia, and organ dysfunction. To systematically address these issues, multidisciplinary experts in endocrinology, sports science, nutrition, and psychiatry from various regions have held multiple weight management seminars. Based on the latest epidemiological data and clinical evidence, they expanded the guideline to include assessment and intervention strategies for underweight, in addition to the core content of obesity management. This guideline outlines the etiological mechanisms, evaluation methods, and multidimensional management strategies for overweight and obesity, covering key areas such as diagnosis and assessment, medical nutrition therapy, exercise prescription, pharmacological intervention, and psychological support. It is intended to provide a scientific and standardized approach to weight management across the adult population, aiming to curb the rising prevalence of obesity, mitigate complications associated with abnormal body weight, and improve nutritional status and overall quality of life.

Body weight abnormalities, including overweight, obesity, and underweight, have become a dual public health challenge in Chinese adults: overweight and obesity lead to a variety of chronic complications, while underweight increases the risks of malnutrition, sarcopenia, and organ dysfunction. To systematically address these issues, multidisciplinary experts in endocrinology, sports science, nutrition, and psychiatry from various regions have held multiple weight management seminars. Based on the latest epidemiological data and clinical evidence, they expanded the guideline to include assessment and intervention strategies for underweight, in addition to the core content of obesity management. This guideline outlines the etiological mechanisms, evaluation methods, and multidimensional management strategies for overweight and obesity, covering key areas such as diagnosis and assessment, medical nutrition therapy, exercise prescription, pharmacological intervention, and psychological support. It is intended to provide a scientific and standardized approach to weight management across the adult population, aiming to curb the rising prevalence of obesity, mitigate complications associated with abnormal body weight, and improve nutritional status and overall quality of life.

Objective To investigate the protective effects of melatonin(MT)on early embryo in vitro development of mice after exposure to benzophenone-3(BP-3).Methods Fertilized mouse oocytes at the synge-neic stage were cultured in KSOM culture medium,0.8 μmol/L BP-3 culture medium,and 1×10-7 mol/L MT + 0.8 μmol/L BP-3 mixed culture medium,respectively.The rescue effect of MT on the early embryos developmental potential of BP-3-exposed mice in vitro was explored by detecting the blastocyst rate,gene transcription level,protein expression level,and the degree of DNA damage in the three groups of embryos.Results MT improved the developmental potential of mouse embryos exposed to BP-3 in vitro.Compared with the control group,MT treatment significantly increased the protein expression of ATP5A and ATP5B and decreased the DNA damage(P<0.05).Furthermore,the transcription levels of antioxidant gene Gpx1 and pluripotency related genes Pou5f1 and Cdx2 were significantly up-regulated in MT-treated blastocysts,and the expression of pro-apoptotic gene Bax was decreased.Compared with the control group,BP-3 treatment enhanced the signal intensity of γ-H2AX in blastocysts(P<0.05),while adding MT could effectively alleviate DSBs(P<0.05).Conclusion The physiological concentration of BP-3 exposure has reproductive toxicity,but the addition of appropriate con-centration of MT could significantly improve the in vitro developmental potential and quality of BP-3-exposed early embryos.

Objective:To determine the differential expressions of long non-coding RNA(lncRNA)and messenger RNA(mRNA)in normal and asthenospermia(AS)men and analyze their biological significance in AS.Methods:We isolated and ex-tracted total RNAs from 9 normal and 9 AS sperm samples,determined the expressions of RNAs in the sperm using the DNBSEQ se-quencing platform,and analyzed their relevant functions by gene ontology enrichment(GO)and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and ge-nomes pathway(KEGG)analyses.Results:An average of 10.64G data was generated per group,with 282 185 RNAs detected,in-cluding 107 009 lncRNAs.Among the total number of lncRNAs,15 157 were differentially expressed,2 190 upregulated and 12 967 downregulated;and among the 19 514 mRNAs,13 736 were differentially expressed,4 995 upregulated and 8 741 downregulated.Differentially expressed genes were enriched mainly in the sperm cell membrane and the pathways related to the ion channel functions,sperm development and fertilization.Conclusion:Differentially expressed lncRNAs and mRNAs can be identified by sequencing a-nalysis of AS and normal sperm.Regulation of sperm function through membrane ion channels may contribute to the development of AS,which provides a molecular basis for further research on AS.

OBJECTIVE: To explore weight-bearing stability of Pilon fracture fixed by external fixator. METHODS: Six ankle bone models (right side) and 4 pairs (8 ankle cadaver specimens) were selected. Pilon fracture model was prepared by using the preset osteotomy line based on Ruedi Allgower Pilon fracture type. Pilon fracture model was built by using a minimally invasive osteotomy. After ankle bone model and cadaver specimen model were fixed with external fixator, axial load was carried out on mechanical loading machine. After ankle bone model and cadaver specimen model were fixed with external fixator, axial load was carried out on mechanical loading machine. Axial loads of 150, 300 and 450 N were applied to ankle bone model, and displacements of fibula fracture blocks, lateral tibia fracture blocks and medial tibia fracture blocks in three-dimensional space (X, Y and Z axes) were recorded by dynamic capture instrument. Axial loads of 300, 600 and 900 N were applied to ankle cadaver model fixed by external fixator. X-ray films of Pilon fracture cadaver model fixed by external fixator under different loading conditions were taken. The anterior tibial angle, tibial malleolar point angle, talus shift value, talus tilt angle, lateral malleolar shift value, lateral malleolar shift value, medial malleolar separation shift value and articular surface step displacement value were measured under different loads by digimizer software. RESULTS: After 150, 300 and 450 N axial loads were applied to Pilon fracture models fixed by external fixator, no loosening or fracture of external fixator was observed, and no loosening, fracture or irreversible plastic deformation of Kirschner needle were observed. The displacement values of fibular fracture pieces on X-axis(around) were 0.032 (-0.022, 0.269), 0.061 (-0.002, 0.427), 0.212(-0.016, 1.223) mm, and the displacement values on Y-axis(above and below) were 0.002(-0.031, 0.103), 0.051(-1.133, 0.376), 0.128 (-1.394, 0.516) mm, and displacement values on Z-axis (front and rear) were -0.003 (-0.130, 0.171), 0.137 (-0.076, 0.433), 0.030(-0.487, 0.478) mm;the displacement values of lateral tibial fractures on X-axis were 0.000(-0.108, 0.027), 0.083(-0.364, 0.050), -0.121(-0.289, 0.165) mm, and displacement values on Y-axis were -0.009(-0.200, 0.025), -0.179(-0.710, 0.084), -0.257(-0.799, 0.027) mm, and displacement values on Z-axis were 0.112(-0.024, 0.256), 0.157(-0.068, 0.293), -0.210(-0.035, 0.430) mm;the displacement values of medial tibial fracture block on X-axis were -0.010(-0.060, 0.013), -0.165(-0.289, 0.056), -0.181(-0.395, 0.013) mm, and the displacement values on Y-axis were -0.036(-0.156, 0.007), -0.104(-0.269, 0.178), -0.245(-0.380, -0.011) mm, and displacement values on Z-axis were -0.005(-0.372, 0.189), -0.012 (-1.774, 0.380), 0.200 (-1.963, -0.540) mm. After 300, 600 and 900 N axial loads were applied to Pilon fracture cadaverous models fixed with external fixators, there were no significant difference in anterior tibial angles, angles of malleolar points of tibia, oblique angles of talus, fracture steps, shift values of talus, lateral shift values of lateral malleolus, lateral shift values of medial malleolus, lateral shift values of medial malleolus between under different loading conditions and those without loading (P>0.05). No loosening or fracture of external fixator as a whole, loosening, fracture or irreversible deformation of Kirschner needle at the local fixed fracture end occurred. CONCLUSION The early weight-bearing external fixator could maintain stability of fracture end and ankle joint, and the maximum weight is not more than 300 N. In clinical practical application, material characteristics of the implant and type of fracture should be selected.
Humans ; Weight-Bearing ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; External Fixators ; Tibial Fractures/physiopathology* ; Fracture Fixation/instrumentation* ; Male

Objective To investigate the effects and mechanisms of melatonin(MT)on improving oocyte quality in mice exposed to benzophenone-3(BP-3).Methods In this study,6～12-week-old female ICR mice were cultured in vitro in M16 culture,0.8 μmol/L BP-3 medium and 1 × 10-7 mol/L MT+0.8 μmol/L BP-3 mixed culture.Female ICR mice were randomly segregated into three groups:control,BP-3,and BMT.The control group received 0.5 mL of purified water,the BP-3 group was administered 0.5 mL of a 0.8 μmol/L BP-3 solution,and the BMT group received 0.5 ml of a combination of 0.8 μmol/L BP-3 and 15 mg/kg MT solution via gavage once daily for four weeks,to facilitate in vivo experimentation.Subsequently,the oocyte maturity rate,transcription levels and protein expression levels of mitochondrial dynamics-related genes Mfn1,Opa1,Fis1 and Drp1,mitochondrial membrane potential and spindle morphology were detected in the three groups to explore the rescue effect of MT on the mitochondria of BP-3-exposed mice.Results Compared to the control group,MT treatment markedly enhanced the transcription and protein levels of the mitochondrial fusion genes Mfn1 and Opa1 in oocytes,while concurrently down-regulating the mRNA and protein levels of the mitochondrial fission genes Fis1 and Drp1.Additionally,the BMT group exhibited significantly lower levels of ROS and abnormal spindle morphology in their oocytes compared to the BP-3 group,yet their mitochondrial membrane potential was notably elevated.Conclusion Physiological concentration of BP-3 exposure was toxic for reproduction,but the addition of appropriate concentrations of MT could significantly improve the mitochondrial dynamics and developmental potential of oocytes in BP-3-exposed mice.

Objective To investigate the effects and mechanisms of melatonin(MT)on improving oocyte quality in mice exposed to benzophenone-3(BP-3).Methods In this study,6～12-week-old female ICR mice were cultured in vitro in M16 culture,0.8 μmol/L BP-3 medium and 1 × 10-7 mol/L MT+0.8 μmol/L BP-3 mixed culture.Female ICR mice were randomly segregated into three groups:control,BP-3,and BMT.The control group received 0.5 mL of purified water,the BP-3 group was administered 0.5 mL of a 0.8 μmol/L BP-3 solution,and the BMT group received 0.5 ml of a combination of 0.8 μmol/L BP-3 and 15 mg/kg MT solution via gavage once daily for four weeks,to facilitate in vivo experimentation.Subsequently,the oocyte maturity rate,transcription levels and protein expression levels of mitochondrial dynamics-related genes Mfn1,Opa1,Fis1 and Drp1,mitochondrial membrane potential and spindle morphology were detected in the three groups to explore the rescue effect of MT on the mitochondria of BP-3-exposed mice.Results Compared to the control group,MT treatment markedly enhanced the transcription and protein levels of the mitochondrial fusion genes Mfn1 and Opa1 in oocytes,while concurrently down-regulating the mRNA and protein levels of the mitochondrial fission genes Fis1 and Drp1.Additionally,the BMT group exhibited significantly lower levels of ROS and abnormal spindle morphology in their oocytes compared to the BP-3 group,yet their mitochondrial membrane potential was notably elevated.Conclusion Physiological concentration of BP-3 exposure was toxic for reproduction,but the addition of appropriate concentrations of MT could significantly improve the mitochondrial dynamics and developmental potential of oocytes in BP-3-exposed mice.

Objective:To explore the neural mechanism of language dysfunction in patients with subacute stroke using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS).Methods:Sixteen patients with non-fluent aphasia after subacute stroke (aphasia group), 16 patients with non-aphasia after stroke (non-aphasia group), and 16 healthy middle-aged and elderly subjects (control group) were enrolled into our study. The 6-min resting-state data of fNIRS were collected. Four language-related regions, Broca area, Wernicke area, dorso lateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), and supplementary motor area (SMA), were selected as regions of interest (ROIs), and the whole brain functional connection strength and functional connection strength in ROIs and between each two ROIs were analyzed by NirSpark software.Results:Compared with the control group (0.53±0.15) and non-aphasia group (0.47±0.12), the aphasia group had significantly decreased whole brain functional connection strength (0.29±0.14, P<0.05). Compared with the control group and non-aphasia group, the aphasia group had significantly decreased functional connection strength in the left Wernicke area, right Wernicke area, left Broca area, left SMA area, right SMA area and left DLPFC area ( P<0.05, FDR). Compared with the control group and non-aphasia group, the aphasia group had significantly decreased functional connection strength in the right Wernicke-left Wernicke area, right Wernicke-right Broca area, right Wernicke-left Broca area, right Wernicke-right DLPFC area, right Wernicke-left DLPFC area, right Wernicke-right SMA area, right Wernicke-left SMA area, left Wernicke-right Broca area, left Wernicke-left Broca area, left Wernicke-right DLPFC area, left Wernicke-left DLPFC, left Wernicke-right SMA area, left Wernicke-left SMA area, right Broca-left Broca area, right Broca-left DLPFC area, right Broca-right SMA area, right Broca-left SMA area, left Broca-right DLPFC area, left Broca-left DLPFC area, left Broca-right SMA area, left Broca-left SMA area, right DLPFC-left DLPFC area, right DLPFC-right SMA area, right DLPFC-left SMA area, left DLPFC-right SMA area, left DLPFC-left SMA area, and right SMA-left SMA area ( P<0.05, FDR). Conclusion:Abnormal functional connectivity strength of the whole brain and language-related key brain areas might be the neural mechanism of language dysfunction in patients with non-fluent aphasia after subacute stroke.

Objective: To analyze the trend of epidemiological characteristics and spatiotemporal distribution of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) among smear-positive or other types of students in Guizhou Province from 2011 to 2020, and to provide a reference for improving prevention and control measures. Methods: Data were collected from the Chinese Information System's Notifiable Disease and Tuberculosis Management Information System for disease control and prevention, the Joinpoint 4.9.1.0 software was used to analyze the trend of registration rate; the ArcGIS 10.6 software was used to construct a ring map and to perform spatial autocorrelation analysis; the SaTScan 9.7 software was used for spatial-temporal scan statistics. Results: A total of 32 682 student PTB cases were reported in Guizhou Province from 2011 to 2020, including 5 949 (18.20%) smear-positive cases. Most cases occurred from high school students of 16 to 18 years old (43.99%, 14 376/32 682); the annual average registered rate was 36.22/100 000, the highest in 2018 (52.90/100 000), and the registration rate showed an increasing trend. Meanwhile, a similar trend of registration rate was observed among smear-positive or other types of students. The spatialtemporal heterogeneity was found that the "high-high" clustering patterns of smear-positive or other types were aggregated in Bijie City. Six spatialtemporal clusters with statistically significant (all P<0.001) were detected among smear-positive or other cases, respectively. Conclusions: Upward trend with spatial- temporal clusters of PTB cases reported in students from Guizhou Province from 2011 to 2020. Surveillance should be strengthened for high school students, and regular screening should be conducted in high-risk areas to control the source of infection and reduce the risk of transmission.
Humans ; Adolescent ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/epidemiology* ; Asian People ; Cluster Analysis ; Software ; Students

With three representative types of gynecological diseases (dysmenorrhea, pelvic inflammation, polycystic ovary syndrome) as examples, the application methods of meridian and acupoint diagnosis for gynecological diseases treated with acupuncture and moxibustion are discussed. During clinical diagnosis and treatment, it is recommended to examine the patient's leg segment along the three yin meridians of foot, aiming to explore the positive reactions of the meridians and acupoints (color, shape, skin temperature, sensory abnormalities, etc.). Acupuncture and moxibustion treatment at this positive reaction place can improve the clinical efficacy. Meridian and acupoint diagnosis could provide basis for meridian syndrome differentiation, thus guiding the selection of acupoint prescriptions; it is also helpful to clarify the deficiency, excess, cold and heat of the disease nature, thus guiding the selection of acupuncture and moxibustion methods. In addition, it is an auxiliary method to estimate the prognosis and outcome of the disease.
Female ; Humans ; Moxibustion ; Meridians ; Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Foot ; Genital Diseases, Female/therapy*