A mounting body of research suggests that circRNAs significantly contribute to the develop-ment of myocardial fibrosis.The microarray results of human circular RNA expression profile indicated that circHERC4_041 expression increased in the myocardium of patients with heart failure,RT-qPCR a-nalysis confirmed that the myocardial expression level of circHERC4_041 in individuals with heart failure were considerably elevated compared to that in healthy organ donors.Fluorescence in situ hybridization(FISH)confirmed that circHERC4_041 was abundant in the cytoplasm of human cardiomyocyte AC16.Overexpression of circHERC4_041 in mouse myocardial fibroblasts(mCFs)mediated by adenovirus in-hibited the expression of fibrosis-related proteins in mCFs.Experiments involving cell proliferation,wound healing,and Transwell assays demonstrated that overexpression of circHERC4_041 suppressed the growth and mobility of mCFs(P＜0.001).Sequence analysis results suggested that circHERC4_041 con-tains potential ribosome entry sequence(IRES)and open reading frame(ORF).Western blot confirmed that circHERC4_041 could translate the 516 amino acid HERC4-516aa protein,which was mainly located in the cytoplasm of the cell.Cell functional experiments confirmed that circHERC4_041 inhibited the fi-brotic phenotype of mCFs by specifically translating HERC4-516aa(P＜0.05).The specific interaction between HERC4-516aa and transglutaminase 2(TGM2)was confirmed by IP-MS screening and Co-IP i-dentification.Further results found that the degradation of TGM2 was promoted through proteasome path-way.The overexpression of TGM2 in mCFs facilitated by adenoviral vectors could counteract the suppres-sive effects of HERC4-516aa on the fibrotic phenotype of mCFs.Therefore,this study confirmed that the HERC4-516aa protein translated by circHERC4_041 can specifically bind to TGM2 to inhibit the fibrotic phenotype of myocardial fibroblasts.

Body weight abnormalities, including overweight, obesity, and underweight, have become a dual public health challenge in Chinese adults: overweight and obesity lead to a variety of chronic complications, while underweight increases the risks of malnutrition, sarcopenia, and organ dysfunction. To systematically address these issues, multidisciplinary experts in endocrinology, sports science, nutrition, and psychiatry from various regions have held multiple weight management seminars. Based on the latest epidemiological data and clinical evidence, they expanded the guideline to include assessment and intervention strategies for underweight, in addition to the core content of obesity management. This guideline outlines the etiological mechanisms, evaluation methods, and multidimensional management strategies for overweight and obesity, covering key areas such as diagnosis and assessment, medical nutrition therapy, exercise prescription, pharmacological intervention, and psychological support. It is intended to provide a scientific and standardized approach to weight management across the adult population, aiming to curb the rising prevalence of obesity, mitigate complications associated with abnormal body weight, and improve nutritional status and overall quality of life.

Objective:Analysis of the composition of pathogen spectrum and prevalence characteristics in throat swabs of patients with acute respiratory infections (ARI) in Yucheng city, Henan province, from March to June 2023.Methods:After 1 153 throat swabs were collected from ARI patients in Yucheng, 18 respiratory pathogens were tested using a real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) method. The characterization of pathogens spectrum was analyzed.Results:A total of 1 153 throat swabs from ARI patients were collected from March to June 2023 in Yucheng, including 171 outpatients and 982 hospitalized patients. A total of 244 positive samples for common respiratory pathogens were detected (at least one pathogen per sample was detected). The total detection rate of respiratory pathogens was 21.16%, and the top three detection rates were, in descending order, human bocavirus (HBoV), enterovirus (EV), and human parainfluenza virus (HPIV). The main detection month for pathogens was May, with a detection rate of 42.3% (60/142). The main respiratory pathogens detected are HBoV, EV, and HPIV. The detection rate of the age group under 1 year old was the highest, at 25.1% (49/195), mainly consisting of HBoV, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), and HPIV. The main clinical manifestations of respiratory pathogen-positive patients were fever and cough, and the clinical diagnosis was mainly lower respiratory tract infection, all of which were hospitalized patients.Conclusions:The respiratory pathogens in ARI patients were mainly HBoV, EV, and HPIV from March to June, 2023 in Yucheng. The peak of the epidemic was in May, mainly infecting children under 5 years of age.

Objective:To analyze the epidemiological characteristics, spatial clustering, and correlation between dental fluorosis detection rates and meteorological factors in children aged 8 - 12 years old in 37 counties (cities, districts, hereinafter referred to as counties) affected by coal-burning-borne endemic fluorosis in Guizhou Province, and to provide a scientific basis for prevention and control of the disease.Methods:Monitoring data on dental fluorosis in children aged 8 - 12 years old from 2019 to 2022 were collected from the National Health Security Information System for Endemic Diseases. Meteorological data, including annual average temperature, annual average precipitation, annual sunshine hours, and annual average relative humidity, were obtained from the Guizhou Provincial Bureau of Statistics. Descriptive epidemiology, analytical epidemiology, and spatial correlation analysis methods were used to analyze the data. Visual maps were created based on the clustering levels of annual dental fluorosis detection rates (high-high, low-low, high-low, low-high). Spatial autocorrelation and meteorological factors were used to analyze the epidemiological characteristics, spatial clustering, and the impact of meteorological factors on dental fluorosis.Results:From 2019 to 2022, a total of 3 649 161 children aged 8 - 12 in the counties affected by coal-burning-borne endemic fluorosis were monitored, and 115 793 children were diagnosed with dental fluorosis, with a detection rate of 3.17%. The detection rates were 4.73% (45 093/954 338) in 2019, 3.35% (31 424/938 445) in 2020, 2.86% (21 727/760 195) in 2021, and 1.76% (17 549/996 183) in 2022, respectively. The dental fluorosis indices were 0.09, 0.07, 0.06, and 0.03, respectively. The number of counties with detection rates > 6% was 7, 5, 5, and 0 in 2019 - 2022, respectively. Dafang County consistently had the highest detection rates, with rates of 10.06% (6 783/67 408), 10.07% (1 955/19 421), 13.54% (4 017/29 667), and 4.83% (3 284/76 206) in 2019 - 2022, respectively. The Moran's I indices for dental fluorosis detection rates were 0.45, 0.53, 0.53, and 0.53 in 2019 - 2022, with Z = 4.29, 5.07, 5.31, and 5.10, respectively ( P < 0.05), indicating global spatial autocorrelation (positive) and spatial clustering of dental fluorosis detection rates. The number of counties with "high-high" clustering of detection rates was 7, 7, 6, and 7 in 2019 - 2022, mainly concentrated in the northwestern region, including Qixingguan District, Nayong County, Dafang County, Zhijin County, and Jinsha County of Bijie City. "Low-high" clustering areas were distributed in Zhongshan District of Liupanshui City in 2019, 2020, and 2022. The detection rate of dental fluorosis was associated with local annual average temperature (°C) and annual precipitation (mm) ( r = - 0.393, - 0.337, P = 0.016, 0.041). Conclusions:From 2019 to 2022, the detection rate of dental fluorosis in children aged 8 - 12 in coal-burning-borne endemic fluorosis areas in Guizhou Province has been decreasing year by year, and it shows spatial clustering. The high clustering area is in the northwest of Guizhou Province, which should be regarded as a key prevention and control area for coal-burning-borne fluorosis in the future. At the same time, areas with lower temperatures and precipitation should also strengthen prevention and control efforts.

This research investigated the contamination level,distribution of drug-resistant strains,and molecular epidemiologi-cal characteristics of Campylobacter,and further explored transmission pathways and prevention strategies.Cecum,chicken carcass,chicken product,and environmental samples,as well as swabs from workers'hands,were collected from a slaughterhouse in a large broiler group in the Jiaodong area between August 2023 and July 2024.Quantitative contamination assessment of Campylobacter in chicken carcasses and chicken products was performed.After microbial mass spectrometry identification,the representative strains of different links were selected for drug resistance testing and whole genome sequencing(WGS).On the basis of the sequencing results,the resistance genes,virulence genes,multilocus sequence typing(MLST),and phylogenetic characteristics of representative strains were analyzed.Homology comparisons were performed between isolates and strains from patients with diarrhea in the NCBI database.A total of 297 Campylobacter strains were isolated from 806 samples,and the overall detection rate was 36.85%.The detection rate of Campylobacter was highest in the evisceration process(47.33%),followed by the cutting process(35.64%).Overall,the Campylo-bacter detection rate first increased,then decreased,and subsequently increased.Drug sensitivity testing revealed that 90 isolates were resistant to nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin,and 94.97%of isolates were resistant to tetracycline.WGS showed that both Campylo-bacter jejuni(C.jejuni)and Campylobacter coli(C.coli)carried many drug resistance and virulence genes.ST-14176 of C.jejuni was isolated for the first time herein.The predominant ST-8261 strain of C.jejuni and ST-860,ST-829,and ST-1586 strains of C.coli are known to cause human diarrhea.LOS expression genes associated with Guillain-Barré syndrome(GBS)were detected in both C.jejuni isolates from the slaughter chain and patients with GBS.Some strains exhibited close genetic relatedness to human-derived Campylo-bacter strains from the NCBI database.The detection rate of Campylobacter in the slaughterhouse first increased,then decreased,and subsequently increased,and the quantitative contamination level of each link was similar to the detection rate.Quantitative analysis of chicken carcasses/products revealed that the average bacterial load was highest in eviscerated carcasses(102.80 cfu/g),and the high-est amount of Campylobacter in chicken products reached 451.80 cfu/g.Abundant drug resistance genes and virulence genes were iden-tified,and the drug resistance genes were highly correlated with the drug resistance rate.Therefore,surveillance intensity and control measures for Campylobacter in slaughter processes should be strengthened.

Objective To study the effect of Compound Jinguanlan preparation on acne vulgaris through the p38MAPK signaling pathway.Methods New Zealand White Rabbits were randomly divided into high,medium,and low concentration groups of Jinguanlan,a positive control group,a model control group,and a blank control group.A rabbit ear acne model was constructed and each group was given the corresponding drug intervention.The gross changes in the skin tissue of the rabbit ears were observed.HE staining was used to observe pathological changes.ELISA was used to detect the levels of IL-6 and TNF-α in the serum.Western blot was used to detec the levels of p38MAPK protein expression.Results Jinguanlan significantly inhibited the inflammation of acne vulgaris,reducing swelling,erythema,hyperkeratosis,and inflammatory cell infiltration in the rabbit ears.ELISA results showed that compared with the model control group,the levels of IL-6 and TNF-α in the serum of each concentration of Jinguanlan group were significantly reduced,with the high concentration group showing a more pronounced decrease(P＜0.01).Western blot results indicated that compared with the model group,the relative expression of p38 MAPK protein in the Jinguanlan group was reduced.Conclusion Jinguanlan can inhibit the inflammatory response of acne vulgaris,and its effect may be achieved by regulating the p38MAPK signaling pathway and reducing the expression levels of IL-6 and TNF-α in the serum.

This research investigated the contamination level,distribution of drug-resistant strains,and molecular epidemiologi-cal characteristics of Campylobacter,and further explored transmission pathways and prevention strategies.Cecum,chicken carcass,chicken product,and environmental samples,as well as swabs from workers'hands,were collected from a slaughterhouse in a large broiler group in the Jiaodong area between August 2023 and July 2024.Quantitative contamination assessment of Campylobacter in chicken carcasses and chicken products was performed.After microbial mass spectrometry identification,the representative strains of different links were selected for drug resistance testing and whole genome sequencing(WGS).On the basis of the sequencing results,the resistance genes,virulence genes,multilocus sequence typing(MLST),and phylogenetic characteristics of representative strains were analyzed.Homology comparisons were performed between isolates and strains from patients with diarrhea in the NCBI database.A total of 297 Campylobacter strains were isolated from 806 samples,and the overall detection rate was 36.85%.The detection rate of Campylobacter was highest in the evisceration process(47.33%),followed by the cutting process(35.64%).Overall,the Campylo-bacter detection rate first increased,then decreased,and subsequently increased.Drug sensitivity testing revealed that 90 isolates were resistant to nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin,and 94.97%of isolates were resistant to tetracycline.WGS showed that both Campylo-bacter jejuni(C.jejuni)and Campylobacter coli(C.coli)carried many drug resistance and virulence genes.ST-14176 of C.jejuni was isolated for the first time herein.The predominant ST-8261 strain of C.jejuni and ST-860,ST-829,and ST-1586 strains of C.coli are known to cause human diarrhea.LOS expression genes associated with Guillain-Barré syndrome(GBS)were detected in both C.jejuni isolates from the slaughter chain and patients with GBS.Some strains exhibited close genetic relatedness to human-derived Campylo-bacter strains from the NCBI database.The detection rate of Campylobacter in the slaughterhouse first increased,then decreased,and subsequently increased,and the quantitative contamination level of each link was similar to the detection rate.Quantitative analysis of chicken carcasses/products revealed that the average bacterial load was highest in eviscerated carcasses(102.80 cfu/g),and the high-est amount of Campylobacter in chicken products reached 451.80 cfu/g.Abundant drug resistance genes and virulence genes were iden-tified,and the drug resistance genes were highly correlated with the drug resistance rate.Therefore,surveillance intensity and control measures for Campylobacter in slaughter processes should be strengthened.

Objective:This study aims to investigate the differences in emotional status and cognitive function among patients with vestibular migraine (VM), Meniere′s disease (MD), and their comorbidity (VMMD), and to analyze key factors influencing cognitive function.Methods:This cross-sectional study included 96 outpatients (32 males, 64 females, aged 21-73 years) from the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, between December 2022 and December 2023. The study population consisted of 31 VM patients (VM group), 36 MD patients (MD group), and 29 VMMD patients (VMMD group), along with 32 healthy controls (16 males, 16 females, aged 19-74 years). Cognitive function was assessed using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), while emotional status and somatization symptoms were evaluated through the Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale, Patient Health Questionnaire Depression scale, Symptom Checklist-90, and the Self-rating Somatization Symptom scale. Multiple linear regression analysis was conducted to explore the influence of different variables on cognitive function.Results:The total MoCA score in the VMMD group (26.0 [24.5, 28.0]) was significantly lower than that in the control group (28.0 [27.0, 29.0]) and the MD group (28.0 [26.0, 30.0]) ( P=0.006). VMMD patients exhibited significant impairments in specific cognitive domains, including visuospatial/executive function, delayed recall, and orientation ( P<0.05). Patients with VM, MD, and VMMD showed higher rates of anxiety, depression, and somatization symptoms compared to the control group ( P<0.05), with the VMMD group experiencing the most severe emotional distress. Multiple linear regression analysis identified education level and vestibular disease type as key factors affecting cognitive function, with a university-level education predicting higher MoCA scores ( P<0.001), while VMMD was associated with cognitive decline ( P<0.01). Conclusions:Patients with VM and MD, particularly those with comorbid VMMD, exhibit significant emotional distress. Cognitive impairments are present in VM and VMMD patients, affecting different cognitive domains. These factors should be comprehensively considered in clinical assessments to develop more effective treatment strategies.

Objective To study the effect of Compound Jinguanlan preparation on acne vulgaris through the p38MAPK signaling pathway.Methods New Zealand White Rabbits were randomly divided into high,medium,and low concentration groups of Jinguanlan,a positive control group,a model control group,and a blank control group.A rabbit ear acne model was constructed and each group was given the corresponding drug intervention.The gross changes in the skin tissue of the rabbit ears were observed.HE staining was used to observe pathological changes.ELISA was used to detect the levels of IL-6 and TNF-α in the serum.Western blot was used to detec the levels of p38MAPK protein expression.Results Jinguanlan significantly inhibited the inflammation of acne vulgaris,reducing swelling,erythema,hyperkeratosis,and inflammatory cell infiltration in the rabbit ears.ELISA results showed that compared with the model control group,the levels of IL-6 and TNF-α in the serum of each concentration of Jinguanlan group were significantly reduced,with the high concentration group showing a more pronounced decrease(P＜0.01).Western blot results indicated that compared with the model group,the relative expression of p38 MAPK protein in the Jinguanlan group was reduced.Conclusion Jinguanlan can inhibit the inflammatory response of acne vulgaris,and its effect may be achieved by regulating the p38MAPK signaling pathway and reducing the expression levels of IL-6 and TNF-α in the serum.

Objective To investigate the effect of exogenous luteinizing hormone (LH) on vitrification granulosa cells and its mecha-nisms. Methods The granulosa cells of 4-week-old preadolescent mice were selected and divided into the fresh group (without vitrification procedure),the vitrification group (treated according to vitrification procedure) and the LH group (treated with 0.3 IU/L of LH intervention on the basis of the vitrification group). Granulocyte count was performed,and Realtime PCR and Western blot were used to detect the expression changes of Foxl2,PI3K,AKT and mTOR mRNAs and proteins in each group. Results Compared with the vitrification group,the total number of granulosa cells in the LH group was significantly increased (P<0.05),and the expression of Foxl2,PI3K,AKT and mTOR mRNAs and proteins were elevated (P<0.05). Conclusion The intevention of exogenous LH is beneficial for the survival of vitrifi-cation granulosa cells,and the mechanism may be related to the activation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway.