Ovarian immature teratoma is a relatively rare malignant ovarian tumor that predominantly occurs in children, adolescents, and young adults. In clinical diagnosis and treatment, tumor marker detection and imaging examinations serve as crucial bases for differentiating mature and immature terotomas. A comprehensive preoperative evaluation followed by the selection of an appropriate surgical approach and extent is key to improving prognosis. Some studies have indicated that for stage Ⅰ ovarian immature teratoma, avoiding adjuvant chemotherapy under close follow-up does not increase the risk of recurrence or affect long-term survival of patients; however, for advanced-stage ovarian immature teratoma, standardized postoperative chemotherapy is still recommended. Some patients may experience benign-malignant transformation of malignant germ cell components after surgery, such as growing teratoma syndrome or squamous cell carcinoma transformation. Due to the rarity of ovarian immature teratoma, current understanding of its pathogenesis and clinical management remains limited. This paper provides a review focusing on key clinical issues related to ovarian immature teratoma and proposes corresponding diagnostic and therapeutic recommendations, aiming to offer references for promoting multidisciplinary collaboration and individualized treatment.

Aim To investigate the impact of G pro-tein-coupled estrogen receptor 1(GPER1),also known as GPR30 playing a significant role in the nerv-ous system,on neuronal damage and cognitive dysfunc-tion following epileptic seizures.Methods The pro-tein expression levels of GPER1 and the DNA damage marker γ-H2AX in epileptic rats were assessed using Western blot.The hippocampal neuronal damage and apoptosis in pilocarpine-induced epilepsy models were evaluated using Nissl and TUNEL staining techniques,compared with GPER1 knockdown(GPER1-KD)rats with wild-type(WT)controls.The behavioral activi-ties,including memory and spatial learning,were mo-nitored during the chronic phase of epilepsy using the IntelliCage system.Results Compared to the control group,GPER1 protein expression in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus significantly increased 24 hours post-epilepsy onset.In the GPER1-KD+EP group,hipp-ocampal neuronal damage was more severe,with a sig-nificant increase in apoptotic neurons compared to the WT+EP group.The IntelliCage data revealed that during free exploration,nose contact,position learn-ing,and reverse position learning stages in the GPER1-KD+EP group exhibited fewer visits and a higher error rate than in the WT+EP group.Conclu-sions Deficiency in GPER1 impairs memory and spa-tial learning abilities following epilepsy,potentially due to exacerbated neuronal injury,apoptosis,and inflam-mation.GPER1 represents a promising therapeutic tar-get for mitigating post-epileptic nerve damage and cog-nitive impairment.

Objective:To analysis of the latent profiles and influencing factors of body image in patients with postoperative oral cancer.Methods:From July 2024 to March 2025, a total of 332 patients with primary oral cancer confirmed by pathology, aged ≥18 years, and undergoing oral cancer surgery at Hunan Cancer Hospital were selected using simple random sampling and cluster sampling. Among them, 25 were female and 307 were male. The body image scale and the Rosenberg self-esteem scale were used to investigate the patients. The main indicators included the total scale scores and scores on various dimensions of body image, such as appearance evaluation and health focus, with particular attention to satisfaction with facial appearance and oral function.The correlation between self-esteem and body image was analyzed, and differences in scores were compared based on gender, age, self-esteem level, and surgical procedure.Results:Among the 332 patients, 93.4% (310/332) were married, and 6.6% (22/332) were unmarried, divorced, or widowed. A total of 84.3% (280/332) underwent flap transplantation surgery, while 15.7% (52/332) did not. The body image distress in the 332 patients could be categorized into a body image adaptation group [80.12% (266/332)] and a body image disorder group [19.88% (66/332)]. Unmarried/divorced/widowed status ( P=0.020), undergoing flap transplantation ( P=0.006), and self-esteem level ( P<0.001) were identified as influencing factors for postoperative body image disorder in oral cancer patients. Conclusions:Given the varying levels of body image concerns among oral cancer patients, healthcare providers can implement targeted, personalized nursing interventions based on their distinct categories and influencing factors.

This consensus was developed by the Orthodontic Society of the Chinese Stomatological Association to provide a systematic, scientific, and practical guideline for informed consent in orthodontic care. Orthodontic treatment is typically lengthy, highly individualized, and involves multiple factors such as growth and development, occlusal function, and facial esthetics. Rapid technological advances and diverse risk profiles make the traditional reliance on orthodontist experience or institutional templates insufficient to ensure patients′ full understanding and autonomous decision-making. To address this, the expert panel conducted extensive reviews of domestic and international guidelines, analyzed representative dispute cases, and performed multicenter patient-clinician surveys. Using a multi-round Delphi method, the group established a standardized informed consent framework covering the initial consultation, treatment, and retention phases. The consensus emphasizes that informed consent is not only a fundamental legal and ethical requirement but also a key step in building trust, improving patient compliance, and enhancing treatment satisfaction. Orthodontists should clearly and comprehensively explain treatment plans, potential risks, uncertainties, and associated costs, while respecting the autonomy of patients or guardians, and maintain continuous communication and dynamic evaluation throughout the treatment process. The release of this consensus provides unified and authoritative guidance for clinical orthodontics, helping to standardize informed consent, enhance its transparency, safeguard patient rights, reduce medical risks, and promote high-quality, sustainable development of orthodontic practice.

Objective:To investigate the clinical significance of serum galectin-9 (Gal-9) in patients with dermatomyositis (DM) or clinically amyopathic dermatomyositis (CADM) .Methods:This cross-sectional study included 105 newly diagnosed patients with DM or CADM who were admitted to the Department of Dermatology in Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, from January 2015 to October 2024, among whom 53 had cancer-associated DM/CADM (CRDM). Additionally, an age-matched control group was included, consisting of 30 newly diagnosed cancer patients without autoimmune diseases, 27 systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients, and 31 healthy controls. Serum levels of Gal-9 and transcriptional intermediary factor 1-gamma (TIF1-γ) were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The relationship between Gal-9 levels and laboratory indicators of DM disease activity was analyzed. Comparisons between different groups were performed using the t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, and chi-square test. Spearman correlation analysis was used to assess the association between Gal-9 levels and laboratory indicators. The diagnostic efficacy of Gal-9 and TIF1-γ for CRDM was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Results:Among the 105 DM/CADM patients, 35 were male (33.3%) and 70 were female (66.7%), with a mean age of 53.2 ± 15.1 years. In the 53 CRDM patients, the incidence rates of V-neck sign, dyschromia, and dysphagia were higher than those in non-CRDM patients (all P > 0.05). Serum Gal-9 levels in DM/CADM patients (21.2 [12.2, 32.3] ng/ml) were significantly higher than those in healthy controls (6.8 [5.4, 7.9] ng/ml, P < 0.001), SLE patients (12.3 [8.1, 15.5] ng/ml, P = 0.011), and cancer patients without autoimmune diseases (7.5 [4.9, 8.5] ng/ml, P < 0.001). Gal-9 levels were positively correlated with serum TIF1-γ antibody levels ( rs = 0.21, P = 0.029), serum ferritin ( rs = 0.29, P = 0.003), lactate dehydrogenase ( rs = 0.44, P < 0.001), creatine kinase ( rs = 0.28, P = 0.004), aspartate aminotransferase ( rs = 0.42, P < 0.001), C-reactive protein ( rs = 0.34, P < 0.001), and erythrocyte sedimentation rate ( rs = 0.46, P < 0.001). Among CRDM patients, those who had not received cancer treatment had higher Gal-9 levels (30.1 [23.3, 38.3] ng/ml) than those in stable condition after cancer treatment (13.5 [10.5, 27.9] ng/ml, P = 0.007). The area under the ROC curve (AUC) for serum TIF1-γ in diagnosing CRDM was 0.718, with an optimal cutoff value of 23.02 U/ml. The AUC for serum Gal-9 was 0.719, with an optimal cutoff value of 55.02 ng/ml. When combining both markers, the AUC increased to 0.783, with a sensitivity of 0.85 and specificity of 0.74. Conclusions:Gal-9 was highly expressed in serum of DM/CADM patients, particularly in CRDM patients. Dynamic monitoring of Gal-9 in CRDM patients may be helpful to monitor the therapeutic effect of malignancies.

This paper focuses on the application of health big data in cancer screening. Firstly, the sources and characteristics of health big data are introduced, then the commonly used epidemiological designs and analytical techniques in hospital-based cancer screening studies are summarized and the application scenarios of such studies are described. Finally, the challenges and future development in the application of health big data are analyzed to provide reference for the future studies.

Body weight abnormalities, including overweight, obesity, and underweight, have become a dual public health challenge in Chinese adults: overweight and obesity lead to a variety of chronic complications, while underweight increases the risks of malnutrition, sarcopenia, and organ dysfunction. To systematically address these issues, multidisciplinary experts in endocrinology, sports science, nutrition, and psychiatry from various regions have held multiple weight management seminars. Based on the latest epidemiological data and clinical evidence, they expanded the guideline to include assessment and intervention strategies for underweight, in addition to the core content of obesity management. This guideline outlines the etiological mechanisms, evaluation methods, and multidimensional management strategies for overweight and obesity, covering key areas such as diagnosis and assessment, medical nutrition therapy, exercise prescription, pharmacological intervention, and psychological support. It is intended to provide a scientific and standardized approach to weight management across the adult population, aiming to curb the rising prevalence of obesity, mitigate complications associated with abnormal body weight, and improve nutritional status and overall quality of life.

Objective:To construct a nanoparticle vaccine displaying the prefusion F (preF) protein of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) using the I53-50 protein nanoparticle platform, and to systematically evaluate its immunogenicity and protective efficacy.Methods:The RSV preF trimer antigen was genetically fused to I53-50A and assembled in vitro with I53-50B to form preF-I53-50 nanoparticles, theoretically displaying 20 preF antigens per particle. The structure and purity were characterized by size-exclusion chromatography, SDS-PAGE, and negative-stain electron microscopy. BALB/c mice were intramuscularly immunized with varying doses (1 μg or 5 μg) of preF antigen or an equimolar amount of preF-I53-50 nanoparticles. Humoral immunity, B-cell responses, and protective efficacy were assessed following intranasal viral challenge.Results:The preF-I53-50 nanoparticles self-assembled into spherical structures (50-60 nm in diameter) with uniformly arrayed antigens. The nanoparticle vaccine enhanced RSV-specific IgG1 and IgG2a antibody responses, promoting a Th1-biased immune profile. At equimolar preF doses, the neutralizing antibody titers induced by 1 μg and 5 μg nanoparticle formulations were 2.8-fold and 2.3-fold higher, respectively, than those elicited by preF alone ( P<0.05). Notably, even the low-dose nanoparticle group outperformed the high-dose preF group (1.6-fold increase). Viral challenge experiments demonstrated that preF-I53-50 effectively suppressed pulmonary viral replication, mitigated pathological damage, and induced stronger germinal center and memory B-cell responses, suggesting enhanced B-cell affinity maturation and long-term immune memory. Conclusion:The preF-I53-50 vaccine improves the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of RSV preF through multivalent antigen display.

Objective:To analysis of the latent profiles and influencing factors of body image in patients with postoperative oral cancer.Methods:From July 2024 to March 2025, a total of 332 patients with primary oral cancer confirmed by pathology, aged ≥18 years, and undergoing oral cancer surgery at Hunan Cancer Hospital were selected using simple random sampling and cluster sampling. Among them, 25 were female and 307 were male. The body image scale and the Rosenberg self-esteem scale were used to investigate the patients. The main indicators included the total scale scores and scores on various dimensions of body image, such as appearance evaluation and health focus, with particular attention to satisfaction with facial appearance and oral function.The correlation between self-esteem and body image was analyzed, and differences in scores were compared based on gender, age, self-esteem level, and surgical procedure.Results:Among the 332 patients, 93.4% (310/332) were married, and 6.6% (22/332) were unmarried, divorced, or widowed. A total of 84.3% (280/332) underwent flap transplantation surgery, while 15.7% (52/332) did not. The body image distress in the 332 patients could be categorized into a body image adaptation group [80.12% (266/332)] and a body image disorder group [19.88% (66/332)]. Unmarried/divorced/widowed status ( P=0.020), undergoing flap transplantation ( P=0.006), and self-esteem level ( P<0.001) were identified as influencing factors for postoperative body image disorder in oral cancer patients. Conclusions:Given the varying levels of body image concerns among oral cancer patients, healthcare providers can implement targeted, personalized nursing interventions based on their distinct categories and influencing factors.

This consensus was developed by the Orthodontic Society of the Chinese Stomatological Association to provide a systematic, scientific, and practical guideline for informed consent in orthodontic care. Orthodontic treatment is typically lengthy, highly individualized, and involves multiple factors such as growth and development, occlusal function, and facial esthetics. Rapid technological advances and diverse risk profiles make the traditional reliance on orthodontist experience or institutional templates insufficient to ensure patients′ full understanding and autonomous decision-making. To address this, the expert panel conducted extensive reviews of domestic and international guidelines, analyzed representative dispute cases, and performed multicenter patient-clinician surveys. Using a multi-round Delphi method, the group established a standardized informed consent framework covering the initial consultation, treatment, and retention phases. The consensus emphasizes that informed consent is not only a fundamental legal and ethical requirement but also a key step in building trust, improving patient compliance, and enhancing treatment satisfaction. Orthodontists should clearly and comprehensively explain treatment plans, potential risks, uncertainties, and associated costs, while respecting the autonomy of patients or guardians, and maintain continuous communication and dynamic evaluation throughout the treatment process. The release of this consensus provides unified and authoritative guidance for clinical orthodontics, helping to standardize informed consent, enhance its transparency, safeguard patient rights, reduce medical risks, and promote high-quality, sustainable development of orthodontic practice.