Based on the interleukin-17(IL-17) signaling pathway, this study explores the effect and mechanism of Bufei Decoction on Klebsiella pneumoniae pneumonia in rats. SD rats were randomly divided into the control group, model group, Bufei Decoction low-dose group(6.68 g·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)), Bufei Decoction high-dose group(13.36 g·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)), and dexamethasone group(1.04 mg·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)), with 10 rats in each group. A pneumonia model was established by tracheal drip injection of K. pneumoniae. After successful model establishment, the improvement in lung tissue damage was observed following drug administration. Core targets and signaling pathways were screened using transcriptomics techniques. Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to detect the mRNA expression of core targets interleukin-6(IL-6), interleukin-1β(IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), and chemokine CXC ligand 6(CXCL6). Western blot was used to assess key proteins in the IL-17 signaling pathway, including interleukin-17A(IL-17A), nuclear transcription factor-κB activator 1(Act1), tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6(TRAF6), and downstream phosphorylated p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase(p-p38 MAPK), and phosphorylated nuclear factor-κB p65(p-NF-κB p65). Apoptosis of lung tissue cells was detected by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling(TUNEL). The results showed that, compared with the control group, the model group exhibited significant pathological damage in lung tissue. The mRNA expression of IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α, and CXCL6, as well as the protein levels of IL-17A, Act1, TRAF6, p-p38 MAPK/p38 MAPK, and p-NF-κB p65/NF-κB p65, were significantly increased, and the number of apoptotic cells was notably higher, indicating successful model establishment. Compared with the model group, both low-and high-dose groups of Bufei Decoction showed reduced pathological damage in lung tissue. The mRNA expression levels of IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α, and CXCL6, and the protein levels of IL-17A, Act1, TRAF6, p-p38 MAPK/p38 MAPK, and p-NF-κB p65/NF-κB p65, were significantly decreased, with a significant reduction in apoptotic cells in the high-dose group. In conclusion, Bufei Decoction can effectively improve lung tissue damage and reduce inflammation in rats with K. pneumoniae. The mechanism may involve the regulation of the IL-17 signaling pathway and the reduction of apoptosis.
Animals ; Interleukin-17/metabolism* ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/administration & dosage* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Signal Transduction/drug effects* ; Rats ; Male ; Klebsiella pneumoniae/physiology* ; Klebsiella Infections/immunology* ; Humans ; Lung/drug effects*

OBJECTIVE: To explore clinical efficacy of vancomycin-loaded antibiotic bone cement combined with induced membrane grafting for the treatment of diabetic foot ulcers(DFU). METHODS: Totally 68 DFU patients treated with bone cement combined with induced membrane grafting from November 2019 to November 2021 were retrospectively analyzed, including 37 males and 31 females, aged from 51 to 79 years old with an average of (63.63±7.85) years old;47 patients on the right side and 21 patients on the left side;28 patients with grade 2, 31 patients with were grade 3, and 9 patients with grade 4 according to Wagner's grades;the diameter of the wound ranged from 20.40 to 96.99 mm with an average of (59.67±23.26) mm. The time of wound healing, the number of operations, the survival of postoperative skin grafting, the number of postoperative recurrence and the rate of amputation were observed. RESULTS: All 68 patients were followed up for 12 to 18 months with an average of (15.06±2.12) months. The wound healing time ranged from 42 to 65 d with an average of (51.50±7.24) d, the numbers of operation ranged from 2 to 3 with an average of (2.25±0.44) times. All skin grafts were survived well after operation, without recurrence and amputation cases. CONCLUSION Vancomycin-containing antibiotic bone cement combined with induced membrane grafting is effective in treating DFU, and the operation is simple and reliable.
Humans ; Male ; Female ; Middle Aged ; Vancomycin/therapeutic use* ; Bone Cements/therapeutic use* ; Aged ; Diabetic Foot/therapy* ; Skin Transplantation ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use* ; Retrospective Studies ; Wound Healing/drug effects*

Hearing loss is the most prevalent disabling disease. Cochlear implantation（CI） serves as the primary intervention for severe to profound hearing loss. This consensus systematically explores the value of genetic diagnosis in the pre-operative assessment and efficacy prognosis for CI. Drawing upon domestic and international research and clinical experience, it proposes an evidence-based medicine three-tiered prognostic classification system（Favorable, Marginal, Poor）. The consensus focuses on common hereditary non-syndromic hearing loss（such as that caused by mutations in genes like GJB2, SLC26A4, OTOF, LOXHD1） and syndromic hereditary hearing loss（such as Jervell & Lange-Nielsen syndrome and Waardenburg syndrome）, which are closely associated with congenital hearing loss, analyzing the impact of their pathological mechanisms on CI outcomes. The consensus provides recommendations based on multiple round of expert discussion and voting. It emphasizes that genetic diagnosis can optimize patient selection, predict prognosis, guide post-operative rehabilitation, offer stratified management strategies for patients with different genotypes, and advance the application of precision medicine in the field of CI.
Humans ; Cochlear Implantation ; Prognosis ; Hearing Loss/surgery* ; Consensus ; Connexin 26 ; Mutation ; Sulfate Transporters ; Connexins/genetics*

AIM To evaluate the quality of Gegen Formula Granules.METHODS Linear calibration with two reference substances(LCTRS)was adopted in the predicting of retention time with puerarin and daidzein as internal standards.UPLC characteristic chromatograms were established.The contents of 3'-hydroxy puerarin,puerarin(internal standard),3'-methoxy puerarin,puerarin 6"-O-xyloside,puerarin apioside and daidzin were determined by quantitative determination analysis multi-components by a single marker(QAMS),after which their transfer rates were calculated.RESULTS Compared with relative retention time method,LCTRS demonstrated higher positional accuracy for characteristic peaks and wider application range for columns.There were 9 characteristic peaks in the characteristic chromatograms for 14 batches of formula granules and 15 batches of standard decoctions with the similarities of more than 0.95.The contents and transfer rates of various constituents in formula granules and standard decoctions were basically consistent.CONCLUSION The chemical constituents in formula granules and their standard decoctions of Puerariae lobatae Radix display good consistency,reliable preparation process is observable in the former.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection's effect on gestational liver function, pregnancy and delivery complications, and neonatal development. METHODS: A total of 157 HCV antibody-positive (anti-HCV[+]) and HCV RNA(+) patients (Group C) and 121 anti-HCV(+) and HCV RNA(-) patients (Group B) were included as study participants, while 142 anti-HCV(-) and HCV RNA(-) patients (Group A) were the control group. Data on biochemical indices during pregnancy, pregnancy complications, delivery-related information, and neonatal complications were also collected. RESULTS: Elevated alanine aminotransferase (ALT) rates in Group C during early, middle, and late pregnancy were 59.87%, 43.95%, and 42.04%, respectively-significantly higher than Groups B (26.45%, 15.70%, 10.74%) and A (23.94%, 19.01%, 6.34%) ( P < 0.05). Median ALT levels in Group C were significantly higher than in Groups A and B at all pregnancy stages ( P < 0.05). No significant differences were found in neonatal malformation rates across groups ( P > 0.05). However, neonatal jaundice incidence was significantly greater in Group C (75.16%) compared to Groups A (42.25%) and B (57.02%) ( χ ² = 33.552, P < 0.001). HCV RNA positivity during pregnancy was an independent risk factor for neonatal jaundice ( OR = 2.111, 95% CI 1.242-3.588, P = 0.006). CONCLUSIONS Chronic HCV infection can affect the liver function of pregnant women, but does not increase the pregnancy or delivery complication risks. HCV RNA(+) is an independent risk factor for neonatal jaundice.
Humans ; Female ; Pregnancy ; Adult ; Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/epidemiology* ; Retrospective Studies ; Pregnancy Outcome ; Infant, Newborn ; Viremia/virology* ; Hepatitis C ; Hepacivirus/physiology* ; Hepatitis C, Chronic/virology* ; Young Adult ; Alanine Transaminase/blood*

As an indispensable trace element in the human body,copper plays an important role in various physiological and biochemical reactions.The dyshomeostasis of copper leads to the disorder of copper metabolism and the occurrence of related diseases.Cuproptosis,a newly proposed regulatory cell death mode,is different from the known apoptosis,pyroptosis,necroptosis,and ferroptosis.Recent studies have found that the dyshomeostasis of copper has been observed in a variety of cancers.Therefore,targeting copper for disease treatment may become a new strategy and a new idea.This article systematically summarizes the fundamental properties of copper,copper dyshomeostasis-related diseases (Menkes syndrome,Wilson's disease,and cancer) and their treatment,and reviews the research progress in cuproptosis.
Humans ; Copper/metabolism* ; Homeostasis ; Neoplasms/metabolism* ; Hepatolenticular Degeneration/metabolism* ; Menkes Kinky Hair Syndrome/metabolism*

Objective:To investigate the clinical significance of serum galectin-9 (Gal-9) in patients with dermatomyositis (DM) or clinically amyopathic dermatomyositis (CADM) .Methods:This cross-sectional study included 105 newly diagnosed patients with DM or CADM who were admitted to the Department of Dermatology in Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, from January 2015 to October 2024, among whom 53 had cancer-associated DM/CADM (CRDM). Additionally, an age-matched control group was included, consisting of 30 newly diagnosed cancer patients without autoimmune diseases, 27 systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients, and 31 healthy controls. Serum levels of Gal-9 and transcriptional intermediary factor 1-gamma (TIF1-γ) were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The relationship between Gal-9 levels and laboratory indicators of DM disease activity was analyzed. Comparisons between different groups were performed using the t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, and chi-square test. Spearman correlation analysis was used to assess the association between Gal-9 levels and laboratory indicators. The diagnostic efficacy of Gal-9 and TIF1-γ for CRDM was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Results:Among the 105 DM/CADM patients, 35 were male (33.3%) and 70 were female (66.7%), with a mean age of 53.2 ± 15.1 years. In the 53 CRDM patients, the incidence rates of V-neck sign, dyschromia, and dysphagia were higher than those in non-CRDM patients (all P > 0.05). Serum Gal-9 levels in DM/CADM patients (21.2 [12.2, 32.3] ng/ml) were significantly higher than those in healthy controls (6.8 [5.4, 7.9] ng/ml, P < 0.001), SLE patients (12.3 [8.1, 15.5] ng/ml, P = 0.011), and cancer patients without autoimmune diseases (7.5 [4.9, 8.5] ng/ml, P < 0.001). Gal-9 levels were positively correlated with serum TIF1-γ antibody levels ( rs = 0.21, P = 0.029), serum ferritin ( rs = 0.29, P = 0.003), lactate dehydrogenase ( rs = 0.44, P < 0.001), creatine kinase ( rs = 0.28, P = 0.004), aspartate aminotransferase ( rs = 0.42, P < 0.001), C-reactive protein ( rs = 0.34, P < 0.001), and erythrocyte sedimentation rate ( rs = 0.46, P < 0.001). Among CRDM patients, those who had not received cancer treatment had higher Gal-9 levels (30.1 [23.3, 38.3] ng/ml) than those in stable condition after cancer treatment (13.5 [10.5, 27.9] ng/ml, P = 0.007). The area under the ROC curve (AUC) for serum TIF1-γ in diagnosing CRDM was 0.718, with an optimal cutoff value of 23.02 U/ml. The AUC for serum Gal-9 was 0.719, with an optimal cutoff value of 55.02 ng/ml. When combining both markers, the AUC increased to 0.783, with a sensitivity of 0.85 and specificity of 0.74. Conclusions:Gal-9 was highly expressed in serum of DM/CADM patients, particularly in CRDM patients. Dynamic monitoring of Gal-9 in CRDM patients may be helpful to monitor the therapeutic effect of malignancies.

Body weight abnormalities, including overweight, obesity, and underweight, have become a dual public health challenge in Chinese adults: overweight and obesity lead to a variety of chronic complications, while underweight increases the risks of malnutrition, sarcopenia, and organ dysfunction. To systematically address these issues, multidisciplinary experts in endocrinology, sports science, nutrition, and psychiatry from various regions have held multiple weight management seminars. Based on the latest epidemiological data and clinical evidence, they expanded the guideline to include assessment and intervention strategies for underweight, in addition to the core content of obesity management. This guideline outlines the etiological mechanisms, evaluation methods, and multidimensional management strategies for overweight and obesity, covering key areas such as diagnosis and assessment, medical nutrition therapy, exercise prescription, pharmacological intervention, and psychological support. It is intended to provide a scientific and standardized approach to weight management across the adult population, aiming to curb the rising prevalence of obesity, mitigate complications associated with abnormal body weight, and improve nutritional status and overall quality of life.

Objective:To investigate the clinical significance of serum galectin-9 (Gal-9) in patients with dermatomyositis (DM) or clinically amyopathic dermatomyositis (CADM) .Methods:This cross-sectional study included 105 newly diagnosed patients with DM or CADM who were admitted to the Department of Dermatology in Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, from January 2015 to October 2024, among whom 53 had cancer-associated DM/CADM (CRDM). Additionally, an age-matched control group was included, consisting of 30 newly diagnosed cancer patients without autoimmune diseases, 27 systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients, and 31 healthy controls. Serum levels of Gal-9 and transcriptional intermediary factor 1-gamma (TIF1-γ) were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The relationship between Gal-9 levels and laboratory indicators of DM disease activity was analyzed. Comparisons between different groups were performed using the t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, and chi-square test. Spearman correlation analysis was used to assess the association between Gal-9 levels and laboratory indicators. The diagnostic efficacy of Gal-9 and TIF1-γ for CRDM was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Results:Among the 105 DM/CADM patients, 35 were male (33.3%) and 70 were female (66.7%), with a mean age of 53.2 ± 15.1 years. In the 53 CRDM patients, the incidence rates of V-neck sign, dyschromia, and dysphagia were higher than those in non-CRDM patients (all P > 0.05). Serum Gal-9 levels in DM/CADM patients (21.2 [12.2, 32.3] ng/ml) were significantly higher than those in healthy controls (6.8 [5.4, 7.9] ng/ml, P < 0.001), SLE patients (12.3 [8.1, 15.5] ng/ml, P = 0.011), and cancer patients without autoimmune diseases (7.5 [4.9, 8.5] ng/ml, P < 0.001). Gal-9 levels were positively correlated with serum TIF1-γ antibody levels ( rs = 0.21, P = 0.029), serum ferritin ( rs = 0.29, P = 0.003), lactate dehydrogenase ( rs = 0.44, P < 0.001), creatine kinase ( rs = 0.28, P = 0.004), aspartate aminotransferase ( rs = 0.42, P < 0.001), C-reactive protein ( rs = 0.34, P < 0.001), and erythrocyte sedimentation rate ( rs = 0.46, P < 0.001). Among CRDM patients, those who had not received cancer treatment had higher Gal-9 levels (30.1 [23.3, 38.3] ng/ml) than those in stable condition after cancer treatment (13.5 [10.5, 27.9] ng/ml, P = 0.007). The area under the ROC curve (AUC) for serum TIF1-γ in diagnosing CRDM was 0.718, with an optimal cutoff value of 23.02 U/ml. The AUC for serum Gal-9 was 0.719, with an optimal cutoff value of 55.02 ng/ml. When combining both markers, the AUC increased to 0.783, with a sensitivity of 0.85 and specificity of 0.74. Conclusions:Gal-9 was highly expressed in serum of DM/CADM patients, particularly in CRDM patients. Dynamic monitoring of Gal-9 in CRDM patients may be helpful to monitor the therapeutic effect of malignancies.