Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of schistosomiasis surveillance in Jiangsu Province during the stage moving from transmission control to transmission interruption, and to analyze the current risk and challenges, so as to provide the evidence for achieving the target of schistosomiasis elimination. Methods Schistosomiasis surveillance data were collected from Jiangsu Province from 2012 to 2024, and the endemic areas, Schistosoma japonicum infections in humans and livestock, Oncomelania hupensis snail distribution and implementation of integrated interventions were descriptively analyzed. In addition, the trends in areas with snails, seroprevalence of human S. japonicum infections and numbers of advanced schistosomiasis cases were assessed using a Joinpoint regression model. Results The endemic areas of schistosomiasis continued to shrink in Jiangsu Province from 2012 to 2024, with the number of schistosomiasis-eliminated counties (cities, districts) increasing from 53 (75.71%) to 63 (96.92%), and interruption of schistosomiasis transmission was achieved across the province. A total of 4 600 300 person-times were tested for serum antibodies against S. japonicum, with 28 719 person-times positive detected; and 616 500 person-times were tested S. japonicum infections among local residents in Jiangsu Province from 2012 to 2024, with only 3 egg-positives detected, and no egg-positives found since 2017. A total of 187 600 herd-times were tested for schistosomiasis in livestock, and no S. japonicum infections were found. O. hupensis snail survey was performed covering 1 018 408.97 hm², and a total of 35 556.35 hm² was found with snail-infested habitats, including 174.40 hm2 of emerging snail-infested habitats. A total of 1 102 800 O. hupensis snails were identified for S. japonicum infections, and no infections were found. The areas of snail-infested habitats appeared a tendency towards a rise in Jiangsu Province from 2019 to 2023 (APC = 23.67%, P < 0.05), and the actual areas of snail-infested habitats appeared a tendency towards a decline from 2012 to 2015 (APC = −22.77%, P < 0.05), and towards a rise from 2015 to 2023 (APC = 9.76%, P < 0.01). The seroprevalence of anti-S. japonicum antibodies appeared a tendency towards a decline among residents in Jiangsu Province from 2017 to 2023 (APC = −14.92%, P < 0.01). In addition, the number of newly diagnosed advanced schistosomiasis cases appeared a tendency towards a decline from 2012 to 2024 (APC = −12.02%, P < 0.01), and the numbers of advanced schistosomiasis patients requiring treatment showed a tendency towards a decline from 2012 to 2021 (APC = −10.56%, P < 0.01) and from 2021 to 2023 (APC = −20.06%, P < 0.01). Conclusions Great progresses had been achieved in schistosomiasis control in Jiangsu Province following transmission control, and transmission interruption had been achieved; however, there are still snail-infested habitats. High-intensity surveillance and integrated control are required to be maintained to advance the achievement of the target of schistosomiasis elimination in Jiangsu Province.

Objective To explore the prevalence of depressive symptoms in postoperative patients with ovarian cancer and to analyze its influencing factors from multiple dimensions, including clinical characteristics, psychological factors, and laboratory indicators. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted, which enrolled 235 postoperative patients with ovarian cancer. Depressive status was assessed using the patient health questionnaire, and the demographic, pathological, and medical record data of the patients were collected using the generalized anxiety disorder scale, Pittsburgh sleep quality index, European organization for research and treatment of cancer quality of life questionnaire core 30, and ECOG performance status score. Peripheral blood tumor marker (CA125), routine blood test, lymphocyte subsets, and serum cytokine levels were measured. Univariate and multivariate binary logistic regression analysis were used for statistical analysis. Results The prevalence of depression in postoperative patients with ovarian cancer was 39.15% (92/235). Univariate analysis showed that ECOG score ≥ 2 points, pain, anxiety, poor sleep quality, low quality of life, low life satisfaction, tumor recurrence, six or more cycles of chemotherapy, as well as higher levels of CA125, NLR, and NAR, and lower hemoglobin levels were significantly associated with depression (all P<0.05). Multivariate binary Logistic regression analysis showed that anxiety (OR=1.975, 95%CI: 1.231-3.170), sleep efficiency (OR=4.181, 95%CI: 1.211-14.43), sleep latency (OR=34.806, 95%CI: 4.258-284.542), ECOG performance status score, cognitive function (OR=0.918, 95%CI: 0.868-0.97), and life satisfaction were independent risk factors for depression (all P<0.05). Laboratory indicators were not independent influencing factors in the multivariate Logistic regression model. Conclusion Depression in postoperative patients with ovarian cancer is influenced by physiological, psychological, and social factors. Clinical management should focus on patients with anxiety, sleep disorders, poor physical condition, and low life satisfaction, and a comprehensive prevention and treatment strategy centered on psychological intervention and taking into account symptom management and social support should be implemented.

Objective The aim of this study was to analyze the gastroscopic screening results of high-risk populations for gastric cancer in Gejiu City from 2021 to 2023,and to provide theoretical basis for gastric cancer prevention and treatment in this city.Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted to assess the risk of gastric cancer among residents aged 40 and above in Gejiu City.Gastroscopy and pathological biopsy were performed on those assessed as high-risk for gastric cancer,and the screening results were statistically analyzed.Results From 2021 to 2023,a total of 24,391 residents were evaluated,of which 7,978 were at high-risk of gastric cancer.Among them,2,473 individuals completed gastroscopy and pathological examination,with a screening rate of 31.00％.Twenty-eight cases of gastric cancer were detected,and the detection rate of gastric cancer in high-risk populations was 1.13％;Among them,there were 9 cases of early-stage gastric cancer,with an early diagnosis rate of 46.43％.The overall infection rate of Helicobacter pylori(HP)was 62.00％,and it increased significantly with the severity of gastric mucosal lesions(P＜0.001).The detection rates of gastric cancer and precancerous lesions were significantly higher in males,ethnic minorities,and HP-infected individuals was higher than those in females,Han people,and non-HP-infected individuals,and the differences were statistically sig-nificant(P＜0.05).Following-up results showed that 1 case(2.08％)of severe atrophic gastritis progressed to early gastric cancer,and 2 cases(6.67％)of low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia progressed to early gastric cancer.Conclusion The detection rate of gas-tric cancer among high-risk populations in Gejiu City was relatively high,however the proportion of early-stage cases remained low,indicating that the rate of early diagnosis still needs to be improved.Males,ethnic minorities,and HP-infected individuals are key tar-get groups for gastric cancer prevention and control in this region.HP infection may be closely related to the progression of gastric mu-cosal lesions and the occurrence of gastric cancer,and relevant interventions should be strengthened.

Objective To investigate the effectiveness and safety of combining Omalizumab with compound glycyrrhetinic acid glycoside in the management of chronic urticaria that exhibits poor response to antihistamine therapy.Methods 92 patients with chronic urticaria who were treated with H1 antihistamines and still had symp-toms from February 2022 to February 2024 in the hospital were selected as the study subjects.The study partici-pants were randomly assigned to either the observation group,consisting of 46 cases,or the control group,also comprising 46 cases,using a random number table method.The control group received subcutaneous injection of omalizumab for treatment.The observation group was treated with oral compound glycyrrhizin tablets on the basis of the control group.After 24 weeks of treatment,compare the efficacy,adverse reactions,Urticaria Activity Score over 7 days(UAS7),Dermatology Life Quality Index(DLQI),Immunoglobulin(Ig)E,and High Sensitivity C-reactive protein(hs CRP)between the two groups,and record the recurrence rate.Results After treatment,the UAS7,DLQI,IgE and hs-CRP of both groups of patients decreased compared to before treatment,and the observation group demonstrated lower results compared to the control group(P<0.05).After treatment,the overall effectiveness rate in the observation group exceeded that of the control group(P<0.05),and the recurrence rate was lower than that of the control group(P<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups of drugs(P>0.05).Conclusion The combination therapy of omali-zumab and compound glycyrrhetinic acid glycoside in the treatment of chronic urticaria patients with low response to antihistamines helps reduce IgE expression,improve treatment effectiveness,lower recurrence rates,and does not increase adverse drug reactions.

In proton therapy,prompt gamma-ray imaging is considered as one of the most promising methods for assessing proton beam range.Prompt gamma-ray imaging detector evaluates the proton beam range based on the prompt gamma-ray distribution obtained by the prompt gamma-ray imaging system,which enables high-precision measurement of the proton beam range.Herein a proton beam range verification algorithm is designed for the newly developed prototype of the range verification detector(pixelated prompt gamma-ray imaging detector),which verifies the range estimation accuracy of the prototype for different phantoms and different energies of homogeneous media through Monte Carlo simulation.The results show that the accuracy of the proton beam range verification algorithm is within 0.5 mm of the safety margin error of the Bragg peak,and the measurement accuracy is significantly improved with the increase of the number of protons,indicating that the prototype algorithm is feasible for proton beam range verification.

Objective To investigate the effectiveness and safety of combining Omalizumab with compound glycyrrhetinic acid glycoside in the management of chronic urticaria that exhibits poor response to antihistamine therapy.Methods 92 patients with chronic urticaria who were treated with H1 antihistamines and still had symp-toms from February 2022 to February 2024 in the hospital were selected as the study subjects.The study partici-pants were randomly assigned to either the observation group,consisting of 46 cases,or the control group,also comprising 46 cases,using a random number table method.The control group received subcutaneous injection of omalizumab for treatment.The observation group was treated with oral compound glycyrrhizin tablets on the basis of the control group.After 24 weeks of treatment,compare the efficacy,adverse reactions,Urticaria Activity Score over 7 days(UAS7),Dermatology Life Quality Index(DLQI),Immunoglobulin(Ig)E,and High Sensitivity C-reactive protein(hs CRP)between the two groups,and record the recurrence rate.Results After treatment,the UAS7,DLQI,IgE and hs-CRP of both groups of patients decreased compared to before treatment,and the observation group demonstrated lower results compared to the control group(P<0.05).After treatment,the overall effectiveness rate in the observation group exceeded that of the control group(P<0.05),and the recurrence rate was lower than that of the control group(P<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups of drugs(P>0.05).Conclusion The combination therapy of omali-zumab and compound glycyrrhetinic acid glycoside in the treatment of chronic urticaria patients with low response to antihistamines helps reduce IgE expression,improve treatment effectiveness,lower recurrence rates,and does not increase adverse drug reactions.

Objective:To explore the types and characteristics of self-management behaviors among stroke patients, as well as to analyze the influencing factors associated with these different types, providing a reference for developing intervention programs aimed at enhancing self-management behaviors in stroke patients.Methods:This study adopted a cross-sectional survey design. The stroke inpatients were selected through convenience sampling from the Department of Neurology at Huashan Hospital, Fudan University between October 2023 and August 2024. Data collection was conducted using the following instruments: the General Information Questionnaire, Stroke Self-Management Behavior Rating Scale, Self-Efficacy for Managing Chronic Disease 6-Item Scale, Stroke Health Knowledge Questionnaire, Social Support Rating Scale, Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale, Patient Health Questionnaire-9, and the modified Rankin Scale. Stroke patients' self-management behaviors were categorized using systematic cluster analysis, and disordered multi-class Logistic regression was employed to identify the influencing factors associated with each category.Results:Finally, 210 stroke patients were enrolled, there were 148 males and 62 females, aged (60.82 ± 13.05) years. The total score of self-management behavior in stroke patients was (144.18 ± 23.24) points, with a score rate of 56.54%. Systematic cluster analysis identified four distinct self-management behaviors patterns: consistent implementers (25.71%, 54/210); unrealistically optimistic(54.76%, 115/210); optimistically proactive (13.81%, 29/210); and passive and resigned (5.71%, 12/210). Disordered multi-class Logistic regression analysis indicated that higher scores in stroke-related health knowledge were associated with a greater likelihood of being categorized as stable practice type and optimistic proactive type ( OR=1.130, 1.254, both P<0.05). Conversely, increased levels of depression correlate with a higher probability of being classified as passive waiting type ( OR=0.684, 0.722, 0.540, all P<0.05). Additionally, lower modified Rankin Scale scores were linked to an increased tendency to fall into the categories of stable practice type and blind optimism type ( OR=19.759, 23.148, both P<0.05). Conclusions:The self-management behaviors of stroke patients are generally suboptimal and exhibited distinct classification features. Significant differences are observed in stroke health knowledge, depression, and the modified Rankin Scale scores among the four patient types. Healthcare professionals should tailor intervention measures to the characteristics of each type to enhance patients' self-management capacity.

Objective:To construct a prediction model for the risk of sarcopenia in middle-aged and elderly patients with knee osteoarthritis (KOA) based on machine learning, and to provide a basis for carrying out the prevention of sarcopenia in patients with KOA.Methods:Clinical data of KOA patients from three tertiary hospitals in Guangdong Province were collected between December 2023 and September 2024 using a convenience sampling method. The data were randomly split into training and test sets at an 8:2 ratio, with the occurrence of sarcopenia as the outcome variable. Risk prediction models for sarcopenia were constructed using eight machine learning algorithms: logistic regression, K-nearest neighbors, support vector machine, decision tree, neural network, random forest, gradient boosting machine (GBM), and eXtreme gradient boosting. Model performance was evaluated based on metrics including the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), accuracy, precision, sensitivity, specificity, and F1 score. The optimal model was selected, and feature importance was visualized using the Shapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) method.Results:Data from 640 KOA patients were analyzed, 143 males and 497 females, (67.51± 7.72) years, with 136 cases (21.25%) developing sarcopenia. All eight prediction models showed high AUC values, with the GBM model demonstrating the best performance. Its metrics included an AUC of 0.926 (95% CI 0.874 - 0.965), accuracy of 0.852, precision of 0.611, sensitivity of 0.815, specificity of 0.861, and F1 score of 0.698. SHAP analysis identified body mass index, calf circumference, body fat percentage, WOMAC score, and age as the most important predictive features. Conclusions:The GBM-based risk prediction model for sarcopenia in middle- aged and elderly KOA patients demonstrated optimal performance, enabling healthcare professionals to accurately and promptly identify high-risk groups among these patients and to develop effective, evidence-based intervention strategies.

Patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms(MPNs)are at risk of developing solid tumors.Although the connection between MPN and solid tumors has been widely discussed,the cause remains to be explored.Some studies show that the MPN is considered to trigger a second cancer,but others suggest both diseases seem to share the same origin.In recent years,more and more studies have found that genetic susceptibility,drugs,chronic inflammation,immune function abnormalities and clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential are related to the development of second cancers.In this review,we try to summarize the new advances of biological characteristics and pathogenesis of second cancers in MPNs.

Objective:To explore the latent categories of barriers to PhaseⅡ cardiac rehabilitation in patients after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), and to analyze the influencing factors of different latent classes.Methods:A total of 340 CABG patients in PhaseⅡ cardiac rehabilitation were recruited by convenience sampling from two Class Ⅲ Grade A hospitals in Shanghai between January and August 2024. Data were collected using a general information questionnaire, the Cardiac Rehabilitation Barriers Scale (CRBS), and the Fear of Exercise Scale for Cardiac Patients. Latent profile analysis was used to classify the cardiac rehabilitation barriers, and multinomial Logistic regression was conducted to identify influencing factors for different latent classes.Results:Of the 340 questionnaires distributed, 319 valid responses were obtained after excluding incomplete or patterned questionnaires, with a valid response rate of 93.82% (319/340). The cardiac rehabilitation barriers among the 319 CABG patients were classified into three latent profiles: low-barrier, active rehabilitation type; moderate-barrier, poor-functioning type; and moderate-barrier, insufficient-perception type. Multinomial logistic regression analysis indicated that smoking, comorbidities, age, educational level, and fear of exercise were statistically significant influencing factors for different barrier profiles ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:Cardiac rehabilitation barriers in CABG patients exhibit heterogeneity. Medical staff should adopt targeted intervention strategies based on the specific barrier profiles, reduce patients' fear of exercise, and thereby improve rehabilitation outcomes.