Objective:To investigate the survival outcomes and prognostic factors in patients undergoing radical resection for pancreatic body and tail cancer.Methods:A retrospective case series study was conducted on 992 patients who underwent radical resection for pancreatic body and tail cancer at the Pancreatic Center of the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from January 2016 to June 2024. In this study, 577 (58.2%) were male and 415 (41.8%) were female,with an age of (65±9) years (range: 26 to 86 years). Follow-up continued until June 2024. Survival rates were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method,and prognostic factors were identified using univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards models.Results:Among 992 patients,open surgery was the predominant approach (89.1%, 884/992), and radical antegrade modular pancreatosplenectomy (RAMPS) was performed in 317 patients (32.0%). Combined organ resection,venous resection,and arterial resection were performed in 23.5%, 9.3%,and 11.2% of patients,respectively. The rates of R0, R1-1 mm, and R1-direct resections were 49.8% (494/992),41.5% (412/992), and 8.7% (86/992),respectively. Stage ⅡB was the most common TNM stage (32.2%,319/992). A total of 801 patients (80.8%) received adjuvant chemotherapy. The median follow-up period was 32.0(8.8) months(range:3.2 to 105.3 months),during which 508 patients (51.2%) died. The overall median survival (OS) was 26.4 months,with 1-,3-, and 5-year survival rates of 79.0%,40.0%, and 29.0%, respectively. In the recent five years (from 2020 to 2024), the median OS improved significantly to 34.1 months compared to 20.0 months from 2016 to 2019 ( P<0.01). Histological subtype analysis showed that the median OS time was 26.7 months for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC, n=855),58.9 months for invasive intraductal papillary mucinous carcinoma (IPMC, n=32),and 15.7 months for adenosquamous carcinoma of pancreas (ASCP, n=73) ( P=0.001). Among PDAC patients, adjuvant chemotherapy significantly improved survival (29.1 months vs. 14.4 months, P<0.01);in IPMC patients, adjuvant chemotherapy also extended survival (65.7 months vs. 58.9 months, P=0.047). Although ASCP patients receiving chemotherapy had a longer median OS time than those without (18.8 months vs. 8.9 months),the difference was not statistically significant ( P=0.151). Multivariate Cox regression analysis in PDAC patients indicated that adjuvant chemotherapy, R0 resection, T stage,N stage,and tumor differentiation were independent prognostic factors ( P<0.01). The median OS time by TNM stage was:not reached for stage ⅠA, 51.6 months for ⅠB, 25.5 months for ⅡA, 23.7 months for ⅡB, 23.0 months for Ⅲ, and 14.4 months for Ⅳ. The median OS time for R0,R1-1 mm,and R1-direct resections was 34.1,24.7,and 15.7 months,respectively ( P<0.01). Conclusion:Adjuvant chemotherapy,R0 resection,tumor stage,and differentiation are independent prognostic factors for pancreatic body and tail cancer.

Objective:To investigate the survival outcomes and prognostic factors in patients undergoing radical resection for pancreatic body and tail cancer.Methods:A retrospective case series study was conducted on 992 patients who underwent radical resection for pancreatic body and tail cancer at the Pancreatic Center of the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from January 2016 to June 2024. In this study, 577 (58.2%) were male and 415 (41.8%) were female,with an age of (65±9) years (range: 26 to 86 years). Follow-up continued until June 2024. Survival rates were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method,and prognostic factors were identified using univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards models.Results:Among 992 patients,open surgery was the predominant approach (89.1%, 884/992), and radical antegrade modular pancreatosplenectomy (RAMPS) was performed in 317 patients (32.0%). Combined organ resection,venous resection,and arterial resection were performed in 23.5%, 9.3%,and 11.2% of patients,respectively. The rates of R0, R1-1 mm, and R1-direct resections were 49.8% (494/992),41.5% (412/992), and 8.7% (86/992),respectively. Stage ⅡB was the most common TNM stage (32.2%,319/992). A total of 801 patients (80.8%) received adjuvant chemotherapy. The median follow-up period was 32.0(8.8) months(range:3.2 to 105.3 months),during which 508 patients (51.2%) died. The overall median survival (OS) was 26.4 months,with 1-,3-, and 5-year survival rates of 79.0%,40.0%, and 29.0%, respectively. In the recent five years (from 2020 to 2024), the median OS improved significantly to 34.1 months compared to 20.0 months from 2016 to 2019 ( P<0.01). Histological subtype analysis showed that the median OS time was 26.7 months for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC, n=855),58.9 months for invasive intraductal papillary mucinous carcinoma (IPMC, n=32),and 15.7 months for adenosquamous carcinoma of pancreas (ASCP, n=73) ( P=0.001). Among PDAC patients, adjuvant chemotherapy significantly improved survival (29.1 months vs. 14.4 months, P<0.01);in IPMC patients, adjuvant chemotherapy also extended survival (65.7 months vs. 58.9 months, P=0.047). Although ASCP patients receiving chemotherapy had a longer median OS time than those without (18.8 months vs. 8.9 months),the difference was not statistically significant ( P=0.151). Multivariate Cox regression analysis in PDAC patients indicated that adjuvant chemotherapy, R0 resection, T stage,N stage,and tumor differentiation were independent prognostic factors ( P<0.01). The median OS time by TNM stage was:not reached for stage ⅠA, 51.6 months for ⅠB, 25.5 months for ⅡA, 23.7 months for ⅡB, 23.0 months for Ⅲ, and 14.4 months for Ⅳ. The median OS time for R0,R1-1 mm,and R1-direct resections was 34.1,24.7,and 15.7 months,respectively ( P<0.01). Conclusion:Adjuvant chemotherapy,R0 resection,tumor stage,and differentiation are independent prognostic factors for pancreatic body and tail cancer.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the short-term clinical efficacy of external fixation and internal fixation with steel plate in the treatment of unstable distal radius fractures (AO-23C type), based on the principles of Chinese osteosynthesis (CO). METHODS: Forty-eight patients with unstable distal radius fractures between January 2022 and February 2023 were retrospectively analyzed and divided into the CO external fixation group and internal fixation group. CO external fixation group consisted of 25 patients, including 7 males and 18 females, aged from 37 to 56 years old with an average of ( 52.6±11.3) years old. Among them, there were 7 patients of traffic accidents and 18 patients of falls, resulting in a total of 25 patients of closed fractures and no open fractures, the treatment was conducted using closed reduction and CO external fixation. The internal fixation group consisted of 23 patients, comprising 8 males and 15 females, age ranged from 41 to 59 years old, with an average age of(53.3±13.7) years old. Among them, 8 patients resulted from car accidents while the remaining 15 patients were caused by falls. All 23 patients were closed fractures without any open fractures observed. The technique of open reduction and internal fixation with steel plate was employed. The perioperative data, including injury-operation time, operation duration, blood loss, and length of hospital stay, were assessed in both groups. Additionally, the QuickDASH score and visual analogue scale (VAS) were evaluated. Range of motion and grip strength assessment, imaging findings such as palmar inclination angle, ulnar declination angle, radius length, articular surface step, intra-articular space measurements were also examined along with any complications. RESULTS: The follow-up duration ranged from 0 to 24 months, with an average duration of (16.0±3.8) months. The CO external fixation exhibited significantly shorter time from injury to operation (2.4±3.3) d vs (7.4±3.7) d, shorter operation duration (56.27±15.23) min vs (74.10±5.26) min, lower blood loss (14.52±6.54) ml vs (32.32±10.03) ml, and reduced hospitalization days (14.04±3.24 )d vs (16.45±3.05) d compared to the internal fixation group (P<0.05). The QuickDASH score at 12 months post-operation was (8.21±1.64) in the CO external fixation group, while no significant difference was observed in the internal fixation group (7.04±3.64), P>0.05. There were no statistically significant differences in VAS between two groups at 6 weeks, as well as 1 and 3 months post-surgery (P>0.05). Additionally, there were no significant disparities observed in terms of range of motion and grip strength between two groups at the 2-year follow-up after the operation (P>0.05). After 12 months of surgery, the CO external fixation group exhibited a significantly smaller palmar inclination angle (17.90±2.18) ° vs (19.87±3.21) °, reduced articular surface step (0.11±0.03) mm vs (0.17±0.02) mm, and shorter radius length (8.16±1.11) mm compared to the internal fixation group (9.59±1.02) mm, P<0.05. The ulnar deviation angle and intra-articular space did not show any significant difference between two groups (P>0.05). The reduced fell within the allowable range between the CO external fixation group (23 out of 25 cases) and the internal fixation group (21 out of 23 cases) was not statistically significant (P=0.29). There was no significant difference in complications between the two groups(P>0.05). CONCLUSION Both the CO external fixation and open reduction with plate internal fixation demonstrate clinical efficacy in managing unstable distal radius fractures. The CO external fixation offers advantages in shorter injury-to-operation times, reduced intraoperative blood loss, and decreased surgical durations, while radial shortening is more effectively controlled by internal fixation.
Humans ; Male ; Female ; Middle Aged ; Radius Fractures/physiopathology* ; Adult ; Bone Plates ; Fracture Fixation, Internal/methods* ; External Fixators ; Retrospective Studies ; Fracture Fixation/methods* ; Wrist Fractures

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and trends of the incidence and mortality of biliary tract cancer in Shanghai from 2002 to 2020. Methods Data on new cases and deaths of malignant tumors of the gallbladder, extrahepatic bile ducts, and other biliary tract organs from 2002 to 2020 were obtained from the Population-based Cancer Registry and Vital Statistics System of Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Cases or deaths, proportion, crude rate, age-specific rate, age-standardized rate (ASR) and others were calculated stratified by year of diagnosis or death, gender and age-group. ASRs were calculated using Segi′s 1960 world standard population. Trends of the annual percent change (APC) of ASRs, age-specific rates and proportions of new cases with selected diagnostic character of biliary tract cancer stratified by different groups were analyzed by Joinpoint analysis software. Results Annual new cases of biliary tract cancer in Shanghai increased from 963 in 2002 to 1 537 in 2020, with ASR of incidence changing from 3.91/10⁵ to 3.59/10⁵. Annual deaths increased from 830 to 1 225, with ASR of mortality decreased from 3.36/10⁵ to 2.69/10⁵. In 2020, the crude rate of incidence of biliary tract cancer was 10.43/10⁵ (9.54/10⁵ in males and 11.30/10⁵ in females) in Shanghai, and the ASR was 3.59/10⁵ (3.54/10⁵ in males and 3.61/10⁵ in females), with no statistically significant gender difference (P=0.731). The crude rate of mortality was 8.31/10⁵ (7.60/10⁵ in males and 9.00/10⁵ in females), and the ASR was 2.69/10⁵ (2.69/10⁵ in males and 2.66/10⁵ in females), also with no significant gender difference (P=0.874). Age-specific nunbers and rates of incidence and mortality generally increased with aging. Stratified by gender, the trend of ASRs of incidence of biliary tract cancer in Shanghai in males showed no significant change (P=0.179) from 2002 to 2020, nor did that of ASRs of mortality (P=0.738). In females, the ASRs of incidence decreased at an average annual rate of 1.58% (P<0.001), while the trend of ASRs of mortality showed no significant change from 2002 to 2011 (P=0.774), but ASRs decreased at an average annual rate of 3.72% from 2011 to 2020 (P<0.001). Among new cases, the proportions of morphological verification increased, while the proportions of imaging verification decreased. The gallbladder was the most common site, but its proportions decreased significantly, whereas the proportions of extrahepatic bile duct increased from 25.75% to 42.88%. Over 60% of cases were unknown stage at diagnosis, while the combined proportions of stages Ⅰ-Ⅲ remained less than that of stage Ⅳ. Conclusions The ASRs for incidence and mortality of biliary tract cancer in Shanghai remain relatively high, with distinct epidemiological characteristics. The improvement in the diagnosis and treatment of biliary diseases maybe have impact on the incidence patterns of biliary tract cancer in Shanghai, but the effect on increasing survival rates and reducing mortality rates is relatively lagging. It needs a big progress to advance the screening, diagnosis, and survival of biliary tract cancer in Shanghai. This study provides a foundation for further research and prevention strategies for biliary tract cancer.

Objective:To evaluate the clinical efficacy and prognosis of mechanical lithotripsy, laser lithotripsy under direct peroral cholangioscopy, and their combination in the treatment of difficult common bile duct (CBD) stones.Methods:Clinical data of 345 patients with difficult CBD stones treated at the Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shandong Provincial Third Hospital, Shandong University, between January 2020 and December 2024 were retrospectively analyzed, including 176 males and 169 females, aged (71.2±14.2) years. Patients were categorized into three groups based on the lithotripsy technique used: mechanical lithotripsy group ( n=275), laser lithotripsy group under direct peroral cholangioscopy ( n=34), and combined lithotripsy group ( n=35). Operative time, hospitalization costs, stone clearance rate, and postoperative complications were recorded. Follow-ups were conducted through outpatient visits and telephone reviews to monitor stone recurrence. Propensity score matching (PSM) at a 1: 3 nearest-neighbor ratio with a caliper of 0.02 was performed, using lithotripsy method as the dependent variable, and age, sex, stone size, and bile duct diameter as independent variables, resulting in well-balanced mechanical and laser lithotripsy groups. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was used to assess recurrence-free survival, with comparisons performed using the log-rank test. Results:Before PSM, there were significant differences in age, sex, stone length, and bile duct diameter between the groups (all P<0.05). After PSM, 40 patients were included in the mechanical lithotripsy group, 34 in the laser group, and 35 in the combined group, with no significant differences in baseline or preoperative clinical characteristics (all P>0.05). The combined group had a significantly longer operative time compared to the mechanical group [71.0 (66.0, 92.0) min vs. 50.5 (40.4, 56.5) min, Z=-5.02, P<0.001] and the laser group [71.0 (66.0, 92.0) min vs. 53.0 (26.5, 73.5) min, Z=-2.61, P=0.001]. The laser group also had a longer operative time than the mechanical group [53.0 (26.5, 73.5) min vs. 50.5 (40.4, 56.5) min, Z=-2.27, P=0.023]. Hospitalization costs were significantly higher in the combined group compared to the mechanical group [43 000(33 000, 50 000) yuan vs. 30 000(26 000, 37 000) yuan; Z=-3.43, P<0.001]. The single-session stone clearance rates were 80.0% (32/40) for the mechanical group, 85.3% (29/34) for the laser group, and 62.9% (22/35) for the combined group. Postoperative complication rates were 20.0% (8/40), 11.7% (4/34), and 11.4% (4/35), respectively, with no statistically significant differences among the three groups (all P>0.05). There were also no significant differences in cumulative recurrence-free survival among the groups ( χ2=0.06, P=0.970). Conclusions:For endoscopic management of difficult CBD stones, combined lithotripsy is associated with longer operative time and higher hospitalization costs compared to mechanical and laser lithotripsy alone. Laser lithotripsy also requires more operative time than mechanical lithotripsy. However, the three lithotripsy strategies show no significant differences in postoperative complications or cumulative recurrence-free survival.

Gene regulation relies on the precise binding of transcription factors (TFs) at regulatory elements, but simultaneously detecting hundreds of TFs on chromatin is challenging. We developed cFOOT-seq, a cytosine deaminase-based TF footprinting assay, for high-resolution, quantitative genome-wide assessment of TF binding in both open and closed chromatin regions, even with small cell numbers. By utilizing the dsDNA deaminase SsdAtox, cFOOT-seq converts accessible cytosines to uracil while preserving genomic integrity, making it compatible with techniques like ATAC-seq for sensitive and cost-effective detection of TF occupancy at the single-molecule and single-cell level. Our approach enables the delineation of TF footprints, quantification of occupancy, and examination of chromatin influences on TF binding. Notably, cFOOT-seq, combined with FootTrack analysis, enables de novo prediction of TF binding sites and tracking of TF occupancy dynamics. We demonstrate its application in capturing cell type-specific TFs, analyzing TF dynamics during reprogramming, and revealing TF dependencies on chromatin remodelers. Overall, cFOOT-seq represents a robust approach for investigating the genome-wide dynamics of TF occupancy and elucidating the cis-regulatory architecture underlying gene regulation.
Transcription Factors/genetics* ; Humans ; Chromatin/genetics* ; Animals ; Binding Sites ; Mice ; DNA Footprinting/methods*

Infectious keratitis (IK) is a leading cause of blindness worldwide, primarily resulting from improper contact lens use, trauma, and a compromised immune response. The pathogenic microorganisms responsible for IK include bacteria, fungi, viruses, and Acanthamoeba. This review examines standard therapeutic agents for treating IK, including broad-spectrum empiric antibiotics for bacterial keratitis (BK), antifungals such as voriconazole and natamycin for fungal infections, and antiviral nucleoside analogues for viral keratitis (VK). Additionally, this review discusses therapeutic agents, such as polyhexamethylene biguanide (PHMB), for the treatment of Acanthamoeba keratitis (AK). The review also addresses emerging drugs and the challenges associated with their clinical application, including anti-biofilm agents that combat drug resistance and nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) pathway-targeted therapies to mitigate inflammation. Furthermore, methods of Photodynamic Antimicrobial Therapy (PDAT) are explored. This review underscores the importance of integrating novel and traditional therapies to tackle drug resistance and enhance drug delivery, with the goal of advancing treatment strategies for IK.

Background and purpose:The colorectal cancer screening program for community residents in Shanghai has been implemented for 12 years since 2013.This study aimed to analyze the impact of screening on the colorectal cancer incidence,stage and survival outcomes based on their screening participation status.Methods:This study used registry-based cohort study method.The registered residents in Shanghai from 2013 to 2017 who met the screening age range were divided into screening group and non-screening group.The data of colorectal cancer cases after being included in groups were obtained from the Population Based Cancer Registry.We calculated age-standardized cumulative incidence and age-group cumulative incidence,diagnosis stage and survival rate of colorectal cancer by gender,age and year of diagnosis.We used the Joinpoint regression method to calculate the annual change percentage for cumulative incidence trend analysis.The life table method and EdererⅡ method were used to calculate the 5-year observed survival rates and expected survival rates of colorectal cancer cases.Finally the 5-year relative survival rates were obtained.Results:The study included 1 687 689 participants aged 50-74 in screening group and 4 713 307 participants in non-screening group.During a 5-year follow-up period,there were 10 333 and 20 904 new cases of colorectal cancer diagnosed in the two groups,respectively.The age-standardized 5-year cumulative incidence in the screening group was 555.33/105,with an average annual increase of 33.32%(P＜0.05).The age-standardized 5-year cumulative incidence in the non-screening group was 529.85/105,with an average annual increase of 48.13%(P＜0.05).There was no statistically significant difference between the screening group and the non-screening group in the age-standardized 5-year cumulative incidence(X=0.25,P=0.804).The lower the age group,the greater the difference between the screening group and the non-screening group in the annual average change percentage of the age-standardized cumulative incidence.The stages 0-Ⅰ of newly diagnosed colorectal cancer cases in the screening group and non-screening group accounted for 14.70%and 7.46%,respectively,with a statistically significant difference in composition between the two groups(P＜0.05).The 5-year relative survival rate of the screening group was 73.94%,while the non-screening group was 59.66%.The survival rate indicators of the former were significantly higher than those of the latter,and the difference was statistically significant.The survival rate of the former was significantly higher than that of the latter(73.94%vs 59.66%),and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).The survival rate of females in both groups of cases was higher than that of males,and the survival rate decreased with increasing age-groups at diagnosis.Conclusion:With the implementation of the colorectal cancer screening program,the growth trend of the incidence rate of colorectal cancer among the screening participants has been curbed,and the early stages of colorectal cancer cases diagnosed and the 5-year survival rate were significantly improved.In order to reduce the incidence rate of colorectal cancer in the whole population,it is necessary to vigorously promote the screening coverage of the appropriate population,especially to increase the proportion of lower age groups participating in screening.We should also pay attention to the screening quality of the elderly groups and improve the compliance of colonoscopy in high-risk participants.At the same time,we should further optimize the refined management of screening for different genders,ages,and risk groups.

Background and purpose:The Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention provides annual updates on cancer statistics in Shanghai.Breast cancer is one of the common malignant tumors among women.In recent years,the incidence of female breast cancer was increasing,while its trend of mortality showed declining.This study aimed to investigate the survival rates of new female breast cancer cases in Shanghai from 2002 to 2017.Methods:Data of new cases and deaths of female breast cancer patients with follow-up information from 2002 to 2017 were obtained from the Population-based Cancer Registry and Vital Statistics System of Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention.Numbers,proportions,and survival rates were stratified by year of diagnosis,age,histological type and stage at diagnosis for analysis.The 5-year observed survival rates were calculated based on the life table method.The probabilities of surviving from 0 to 99 years were estimated with the Elandt-Johnson model,and then cumulative expected survival rates were calculated using the Ederer Ⅱ method.Finally,the 5-year relative survival rates were calculated.The annual percent change(APC)of survival rates was estimated by Joinpoint Regression Program.Results:A total of 73 600 new female breast cancer cases were diagnosed from 2002 to 2017 in Shanghai.Among them,67 681 cases were morphological verification,accounting for 91.96%.By December 31,2022,23 745(32.26%)cases had died,and 19 466(26.45%)cases had died of cancer.A total of 68 332(92.84%)cases,who were either dead or followed for over 5 years,were considered to have complete follow-up.The remaining 5 268(7.16%)cases were lost to follow-up.73 538(99.92%)cases were included in the observed cohort for survival analysis.The number of observed cases nearly doubled from 3330 in 2002 to 6095 in 2017.The 5-year observed survival rate changed from 78.77%in 2002 to 84.55%in 2017 dynamically,showed a low increasing trend with an average rate of 0.50%per year(APC=0.50%,t=8.75,P＜0.001).The 5-year relative survival rate also increased from 83.46%to 89.24%slowly,with an average rate of 0.47%(APC=0.47%,t=9.80,P＜0.001).The overall 5-year observation survival rate of female cancer was 83.24%(82.96%-83.52%),and the 5-year relative survival rate was 87.58%(87.29%-87.87%)in Shanghai from 2002 to 2017.It was increasing over time,decreasing with aging and advanced stage at diagnosis continuously.There was no significant difference in the 5-year relative survival rates between the groups aged 15 to 64(P＞0.05).The group with an unknown stage had the highest number of cases,followed by the stage Ⅱ group,and then the stage Ⅰ group.The 5-year relative survival rate of cases with stage Ⅰ disease reached 99.10%(98.78%-99.42%),but these cases only accounted for 25.51%of the total.The 5-year relative survival rate of cases with stage Ⅳ disease was 52.54%(50.98%-54.11%),and these cases accounted for 6.13%of the total.The 5-year relative survival rate of cases with s unknown stage was 82.04%(81.42%-82.65%),and these cases accounted for 31.05%of the total.Conclusion:The diagnostic levels and survival rates of female breast cancer in Shanghai were relatively high and continue to improve.However,the proportions of cases with unknown histological type and unknown stage remain relatively high,and the proportion of stage Ⅰ cases is not very large.The survival rates of stage Ⅳ cases are relatively low.This study provides evidence for further research,prevention and control efforts for female breast cancer.

Objective To investigate the causal relationship between abnormal placental lipid metabolism and trophoblast dysfunction in patients with preeclampsia(PE),and to explore the regulatory effects of PPARγ on trophoblast function under hypoxic conditions.Methods Placental tissues were collected from 30 patients with PE and 30 individuals with normal pregnancies at the General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University between October 2020 and November 2021 for the analysis of lipid deposition.A rat model of PE was established,comprising a sham-operated(Sham)group and a reduced uterine perfusion pressure(Rupp)group,with six rats in each group(n=12 total).Human trophoblast cells(HTR-8/SVneo)were cultured in vitro and randomly assigned to four experimental groups:normoxic control,hypoxia,hypoxia+PPARγ agonist(Rosiglitazone),and hypoxia+PPARγ antagonist(T0070907).The expression levels of lipid metabolism-related genes and transcription factors(FASN,FABP4,PPARγ,LXRα)were assessed using RT-qPCR.Western blotting was performed to determine the protein expression levels of PPARγ.Cell migration and invasion capacities were evaluated using scratch wound healing and Transwell assays,respectively.Results Placental lipid deposition in the PE group was significantly higher than that in the control group,particularly in the Rupp model mice(P<0.001).Under hypoxic conditions,the expression levels of FASN and FABP4 were upregulated in trophoblast cells(P<0.001),whereas the expression of PPARγ and LXRα was downregulated(P<0.001).Furthermore,treatment with the PPARγ antagonist T0070907 exacerbated the inhibitory effects of hypoxia on cell function(P<0.001),significantly reducing cell invasion and migration capacity(P<0.001).Additional siRNA-mediated knockdown experiments confirmed that PPARγ deficiency further aggravated hypoxia-induced impairments in cell migration and invasion,and this detrimental effect could not be reversed by Rosiglitazone.Conclusions Abnormal placental lipid metabolism in PE is closely linked to PPARγ-mediated enhancement of lipid synthesis and metabolic dysregulation under hypoxic conditions,which may subsequently impair trophoblast invasion and migration.