Objective To investigate the role and underlying mechanism of C1q-like protein 4 (C1ql4) in regulating the characteristics of breast cancer stem cells. Methods qRT-PCR was used to detect the expression of C1ql4 in breast cancer and normal breast epithelial cell lines, as well as to verify the transfection efficiency of C1ql4. Western blot analysis was employed to examine the phosphorylation levels of AKT, IKK, and IκB in different groups. An AKT activator was added to MDA-MB-231 cells with C1ql4 knockdown, whereas inhibitors targeting AKT, IKK, IκB, and NF-κB nuclear translocation were separately introduced to C1ql4-overexpressing MCF-7 cells. The nuclear translocation of NF-κB, expression levels of the target genes TNF-α and IL-1β, formation ability of tumorspheres, and proportion of CD44⁺/CD24^−/low stem-like subgroups were analyzed. Results C1ql4 expression in breast cancer cell lines was significantly upregulated compared with that in normal breast epithelial cells. Western blot analysis showed that p-AKT/AKT, p-IKK/IKK, and p-IκB/IκB ratios markedly reduced in C1ql4-knockdown MDA-MB-231 cells (all P<0.05) but significantly increased in C1ql4-overexpressing MCF-7 cells (all P<0.05). Rescue experiments demonstrated that the addition of an AKT activator to C1ql4-knockdown MDA-MB-231 cells resulted in the enhanced nuclear translocation of NF-κB, the increased nuclear/cytoplasmic NF-κB ratios, the elevated TNF-α and IL-1β expression levels, and significant recovery of tumorsphere formation ability and the proportion of CD44⁺/CD24^−/low stem-like subpopulations (all P<0.05). Conversely, in C1ql4-overexpressing MCF-7 cells, treatment with AKT, IKK, IκB, or NF-κB nuclear translocation inhibitors led to a reduction in NF-κB nuclear translocation, decreased nuclear/cytoplasmic NF-κB ratios, and declines in TNF-α and IL-1β expression levels, tumorsphere formation ability, and the CD44⁺/CD24^−/low subpopulation (all P<0.05). Conclusion C1ql4 promotes the translocation of NF-κB from the cytoplasm to the nucleus through the PI3K/AKT/NF-κB signaling pathway and enhances the expression of stemness in breast cancer cells.

Objective To analyze the risk factors associated with intraoperative parathyroid injury during thyroid cancer surgery and develop a predictive model to evaluate its predictive efficacy.Methods A retrospective study was conducted involving 76 patients who experienced intraoperative parathyroid injury during thyroid cancer surgery between May 2021 and February 2024.These patients were included in the parathyroid injury group.For the control group,76 patients who underwent thyroid cancer surgery without intraoperative parathyroid injury during the same period were selected.Clinical data,complete blood count parameters,and other relevant variables were collected.Univariate analysis was performed to screen for potential risk factors,and Logistic regression analysis was used to identify independent risk factors.A regression predictive model was established,and the model's goodness-of-fit and predictive power were evaluated.Results Among the 76 patients,75 had temporary parathyroid function impairment and 1 had permanent parathyroid function impairment.Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analyses showed that bilateral lymph node dissection,bilateral total lobectomy,capsule invasion,and combined hashimoto's thyroiditis were independent risk factors(P＜0.05).A predictive regression model was developed based on these factors.The Hosmer-Lemeshow test showed a x2=2.064,P=0.356,indicating good model fit.The receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve revealed that the model had an area under the curve(AUC)of 0.713,with a 95％confidence interval(CI)of 0.639 to 0.787,suggesting good predictive efficacy.Conclusion Hashimoto's thyroiditis,capsular invasion,bilateral lymph node dissection,and bilateral total lobectomy are significant risk factors for intraoperative parathyroid injury during thyroid cancer surgery.The predictive model constructed based on these factors has good predictive efficacy.

[Purpose]To analyze the compliance and its influencing factors of lung cancer screening using low-dose computed tomography(LDCT)among high-risk population in urban districts of Chongqing from 2013 to 2021.[Methods]The lung cancer screeing of Cancer Early Diagnosis and Treatment Project was conducted among permanent residents aged 40～69 years old from 14 urban districts of Chongqing selected by cluster sampling method from 2013 to 2021.The questionnaire survey was performed to assess the risk level of lung cancer,and individuals with high risk were advised to have LDCT examination.The compliance rate of LDCT examination among high-risk populations was calculated and compared using Chi-square test among residents with different de-mographic features;the influencing factors of compliance was analyzed with generalized linear mixed models.[Results]A total of 316 066 residents completed the risk assessment questionnaire survey,52 858 people were assessed as high-risk(17.17％).Among the high-risk population,20 398 completed LDCT screening,with an overall compliance rate of 38.59％.The generalized linear mixed model showed that male participants(OR=0.871,95％CI:0.823～0.922)and smokers(light smokers:OR=0.829,95％CI:0.775～0.886;heavy smokers:OR=0.842,95％CI:0.792～0.896)had lower compliance rates;while people with higher education level(OR=1.347,95％CI:1.265～1.435),occupational exposure to harmful substances(OR=1.400,95％CI:1.340～1.463),passive smoking for 20 years or more(OR=1.472,95％CI:1.376～1.576),infrequent physical exercise(OR=1.203,95％CI:1.152～1.256),family history of lung cancer(OR=2.312,95％CI:2.201～2.429),and those having media promotion by community staff(OR=1.365,95％CI:1.223～1.524),and trained community staff(OR=1.343,95％CI:1.227～1.470)had higher compliance rates.Comorbidities were also factors influencing compliance,and there was an increasing trend of compliance rate with the increase of comorbidity numbers(P＜0.001).[Conclusion]The compli-ance rate of LDCT examination for lung cancer screening in Chongqing needs to be improved,and more precise health education should be implemented for groups with different characteristics to improve the compliance among high-risk population.

[Purpose]To analyze the compliance and its influencing factors of lung cancer screening using low-dose computed tomography(LDCT)among high-risk population in urban districts of Chongqing from 2013 to 2021.[Methods]The lung cancer screeing of Cancer Early Diagnosis and Treatment Project was conducted among permanent residents aged 40～69 years old from 14 urban districts of Chongqing selected by cluster sampling method from 2013 to 2021.The questionnaire survey was performed to assess the risk level of lung cancer,and individuals with high risk were advised to have LDCT examination.The compliance rate of LDCT examination among high-risk populations was calculated and compared using Chi-square test among residents with different de-mographic features;the influencing factors of compliance was analyzed with generalized linear mixed models.[Results]A total of 316 066 residents completed the risk assessment questionnaire survey,52 858 people were assessed as high-risk(17.17％).Among the high-risk population,20 398 completed LDCT screening,with an overall compliance rate of 38.59％.The generalized linear mixed model showed that male participants(OR=0.871,95％CI:0.823～0.922)and smokers(light smokers:OR=0.829,95％CI:0.775～0.886;heavy smokers:OR=0.842,95％CI:0.792～0.896)had lower compliance rates;while people with higher education level(OR=1.347,95％CI:1.265～1.435),occupational exposure to harmful substances(OR=1.400,95％CI:1.340～1.463),passive smoking for 20 years or more(OR=1.472,95％CI:1.376～1.576),infrequent physical exercise(OR=1.203,95％CI:1.152～1.256),family history of lung cancer(OR=2.312,95％CI:2.201～2.429),and those having media promotion by community staff(OR=1.365,95％CI:1.223～1.524),and trained community staff(OR=1.343,95％CI:1.227～1.470)had higher compliance rates.Comorbidities were also factors influencing compliance,and there was an increasing trend of compliance rate with the increase of comorbidity numbers(P＜0.001).[Conclusion]The compli-ance rate of LDCT examination for lung cancer screening in Chongqing needs to be improved,and more precise health education should be implemented for groups with different characteristics to improve the compliance among high-risk population.

Objective To analyze the risk factors associated with intraoperative parathyroid injury during thyroid cancer surgery and develop a predictive model to evaluate its predictive efficacy.Methods A retrospective study was conducted involving 76 patients who experienced intraoperative parathyroid injury during thyroid cancer surgery between May 2021 and February 2024.These patients were included in the parathyroid injury group.For the control group,76 patients who underwent thyroid cancer surgery without intraoperative parathyroid injury during the same period were selected.Clinical data,complete blood count parameters,and other relevant variables were collected.Univariate analysis was performed to screen for potential risk factors,and Logistic regression analysis was used to identify independent risk factors.A regression predictive model was established,and the model's goodness-of-fit and predictive power were evaluated.Results Among the 76 patients,75 had temporary parathyroid function impairment and 1 had permanent parathyroid function impairment.Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analyses showed that bilateral lymph node dissection,bilateral total lobectomy,capsule invasion,and combined hashimoto's thyroiditis were independent risk factors(P＜0.05).A predictive regression model was developed based on these factors.The Hosmer-Lemeshow test showed a x2=2.064,P=0.356,indicating good model fit.The receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve revealed that the model had an area under the curve(AUC)of 0.713,with a 95％confidence interval(CI)of 0.639 to 0.787,suggesting good predictive efficacy.Conclusion Hashimoto's thyroiditis,capsular invasion,bilateral lymph node dissection,and bilateral total lobectomy are significant risk factors for intraoperative parathyroid injury during thyroid cancer surgery.The predictive model constructed based on these factors has good predictive efficacy.

BackgroundWomen may develop severe symptoms of stress disorder following childbirth， which may be exposed to a risk of developing mental health problems， and even lead to the recurrence of the illness in female patients with schizophrenia， while comparatively limited research has been undertaken concerning the clinical characteristics and treatment of puerperal schizophrenia in China. ObjectiveTo explore the clinical characteristics of puerperal schizophrenia， so as to provide references for the clinical treatment. MethodsA total of 24 patients with puerperal schizophrenia who were hospitalized in the female ward of adult psychiatry department of the Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University from 2012 to 2020 and met the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders， fourth edition （DSM-IV） diagnostic criteria for schizophrenia were included as puerperal group. Another 48 non-puerperal women with schizophrenia were concurrently enrolled as control group. Then the basic data， scores on Positive and Negative Symptom Scale （PANSS） and the discharge medication were recorded. ResultsThe percentages of newly onset and positive family history of psychosis in puerperal group were larger than those in control group， with statistical significance （χ²=9.321， 5.240， P<0.05 or 0.01）. Puerperal group scored higher on PANSS excitement factor （t=-2.220， P<0.05） and lower on negative factor （t=3.377， P<0.01） compared with control group. In terms of discharge medication， puerperal group reported a higher dosage of antipsychotic drugs （t=-2.095， P<0.05）， and a larger proportion of combined use of benzodiazepines or antidepressants （χ²=21.316， 5.114， P<0.05 or 0.01） compared with control group， with statistical significance. ConclusionPatients with puerperal schizophrenia display increased ratings of excitement symptoms and decreased ratings of negative symptoms， which necessitates the use of high doses of antipsychotic drugs， and combined use of benzodiazepines and antidepressants.

Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) is a major polyphenol component in green tea. EGCG has high free radical scavenging activity, radiation protection efficiency, and metal-chelating capacity due to its unique structure with hydroxyl groups. EGCG and its derivatives have been reported in various fields. This paper reviews the effects of EGCG, including radiation protection, heavy metal ion adsorption, and promotion of heavy metal ion excretion. EGCG has the potential to be used as an ideal radiation protection agent, heavy metal adsorbent, and even excretion promoting agent.

With the rapid development of nuclear technology in the fields of industry and medicine, the possibility of people suffering from radiation damage has also increased. Radiation injury prevention and treatment drugs are the most effective and direct means for the treatment and protection of radiation injury, but the current radiation injury prevention and treatment drugs have limited effects. Due to the unique valence structure of cerium nanomaterials, it has a variety of enzymatic simulation activities and reproducibility. It shows superior oxidation resistance, powerful free radical scavenging function, and can protect cells from radiation damage. It can be used as an ideal it is a radioprotective agent, and is used in a variety of biological fields. A review of relevant literature shows that the antioxidant properties, high SOD mimicking activity, free radical scavenging ability and radiation resistance of ceria nanoparticles are derived from the mutual conversion of Ce³⁺/Ce⁴⁺ and the formation of oxygen vacancies. This article mainly introduces the basis of anti-radiation activity of ceria nanoparticles, radiation protection effects and the research progress of radiotherapy sensitization, and provides theoretical basis and reference for ceria nanoparticles in the field of radiation direction.

SUMMARY Thehumanembryonicstemcells(hESCs)serveasaself-renewable,genetically-healthy, pluripotent and single source of all body cells,tissues and organs.Therefore,it is considered as the good standard for all human stem cells by US,Europe and international authorities.In this study,the standard and healthy human mesenchymal progenitors,ligament tissues,cardiomyocytes,keratinocytes,primary neurons,fibroblasts,and salivary serous cells were differentiated from hESCs.The human cellular health-safety of NaF,retinoic acid,5-fluorouracil,dexamethasone,penicillin G,adriamycin,lead ace-tate PbAc,bisphenol A-biglycidyl methacrylate (Bis-GMA)were evaluated selectively on the standar-dized platforms of hESCs,hESCs-derived cardiomyocytes,keratinocytes,primary neurons,and fibro-blasts.The evaluations were compared with those on the currently most adopted cellular platforms.Parti-cularly,the sensitivity difference of PM2.5 toxicity on standardized and healthy hESCs derived fibroblasts, currently adopted immortalized human bronchial epithelial cells Beas-2B and human umbilical vein endo-thelial cells (HUVECs)were evaluated.The results showed that the standardized hESCs cellular plat-forms provided more sensitivity and accuracy for human cellular health-safety evaluation.

Objective:To differentiate human embryonic stem cells ( hESCs ) into keratinocytes ( K-hESCs) and analyse the expression characteristics of biomarkers of K-hESCs.Methods: The hESCs of line H9 were seeded on matrigel in mTeSR1 medium.The hESCs were directly differentiated into kerati-nocytes in epithelial differentiation medium with bone morphogenetic protein 4, retinoic acid and N2 sup-plement.The karyotype of K-hESCs was analyzed, comparing the gene expression differences of K-hESCs with human gingival epithelial cells (HGECs), human immortalized oral epithelial cells (HIOECs) and HaCaT by Real-time PCR.Molecular characteristics of the cell differentiation were observed throughout the process by immunocytochemical techniques.Results:H9-hESCs were successfully differentiated into the cells that exhibited characteristics of keratinocytes in epithelial differentiation medium.The karyotype of K-hESCs was 46, XX; and the keratinocyte gene p63 expression in K-hESCs was significantly lower than that in HaCaT ( P<0.05) , but there was no significant difference of p63 expression in K-hESCs, comparing with that in HGECs and HIOECs ( P >0.05 ) .Conclusion: H9-hESCs could be directly differentiated into K-hESCs.The gene expression of K-hESCs was similar to that of epithelial cells in the early stage of monolayer cells differentiation with high proliferative activity.