Objective:To explore the change and development characteristics of the efficacy of group psychotherapy through the changing process and characteristics of therapeutic factors in dynamic interpersonal group therapy.Methods:Eight patients who volunteered to participate in the group were recruited in the psychological counseling clinic (diagnosed as anxiety and/or depression by psychiatrists and all accompanied with complaints of interpersonal difficulties), and were given dynamic interpersonal group psychotherapy once a week for 24 weeks. After each session, a questionnaire survey was conducted using the simplified version of the structure of Yalom's curative factor scale, and a one-on-one qualitative interview was conducted after 24 group sessions. Using quantitative and qualitative methods, the changes and development of group efficacy and therapeutic factors in the process of group therapy were explored from the perspective of group members.The interview results were encoded and analyzed by rooted theory.Quantitative descriptive statistical analyses were performed using SPSS 23.0, and qualitative statistical analyses were performed using the tool NVivo12.Results:The work efficiency of the group gradually improved with the progress of treatment, and the work efficiency was the highest in the end stage(form stage: 2.9, work stage: 3.0, end stage: 3.2).The efficacy of most therapeutic factors were consistent with the group process.The efficacy of some therapeutic factors, such as universality, guidance and infusion of hope had their own special pattern changes.Conclusions:The focus of different stages of the group therapy was different, and the longer the members participate in the group therapy, the higher their perceived group efficacy. The importance and effectiveness of therapeutic factors have no fixed level and rule, which may be influenced by the nature of the group, the characteristics of the participants and the techniques used by therapists.

Objective:To explore the change and development characteristics of the efficacy of group psychotherapy through the changing process and characteristics of therapeutic factors in dynamic interpersonal group therapy.Methods:Eight patients who volunteered to participate in the group were recruited in the psychological counseling clinic (diagnosed as anxiety and/or depression by psychiatrists and all accompanied with complaints of interpersonal difficulties), and were given dynamic interpersonal group psychotherapy once a week for 24 weeks. After each session, a questionnaire survey was conducted using the simplified version of the structure of Yalom's curative factor scale, and a one-on-one qualitative interview was conducted after 24 group sessions. Using quantitative and qualitative methods, the changes and development of group efficacy and therapeutic factors in the process of group therapy were explored from the perspective of group members.The interview results were encoded and analyzed by rooted theory.Quantitative descriptive statistical analyses were performed using SPSS 23.0, and qualitative statistical analyses were performed using the tool NVivo12.Results:The work efficiency of the group gradually improved with the progress of treatment, and the work efficiency was the highest in the end stage(form stage: 2.9, work stage: 3.0, end stage: 3.2).The efficacy of most therapeutic factors were consistent with the group process.The efficacy of some therapeutic factors, such as universality, guidance and infusion of hope had their own special pattern changes.Conclusions:The focus of different stages of the group therapy was different, and the longer the members participate in the group therapy, the higher their perceived group efficacy. The importance and effectiveness of therapeutic factors have no fixed level and rule, which may be influenced by the nature of the group, the characteristics of the participants and the techniques used by therapists.

On account of the problem that traditional C-arm X-ray apparatus cannot provide precise route guidance for minimally invasive surgeries, we designed and developed a laser positioning and navigation system based on C-arm X-ray apparatus, which can achieve precise positioning function and reduce the exposure of doctors and patients to radiation in minimally invasive surgeries under the linear guidance of a laser beam. Furthermore, this system can enhance the refinement level of surgical operation in minimally invasive surgeries.
Cone-Beam Computed Tomography ; Humans ; Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures ; Radiography ; Surgery, Computer-Assisted ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; X-Rays