Encephalomyocarditis virus(EMCV)is a zoonotic pathogen that causes encephalitis and myocarditis as its primary clinical manifestations.To explore effective preventive measures,this study utilized a Bac-to-Bac expression system to insert the EMCV P12A and 3C genes into the pFastBacDual shuttle vector,resulting in the generation of the recombinant baculovirus Ac-P12A-3C.This facilitated the large-scale expression and purification of EMCV virus-like particles(VLPs),which were correctly assembled into particles of approximately 30 nm in diameter,as ob-served by electron microscopy.Immunization and challenge experiments in mice demonstrated that these VLPs could effectively protect against EMCV infection,achieving a protection rate of 100％.Histopathological sections indicated that,compared to the PBS control group,the VLP immuniza-tion group exhibited significantly reduced tissue damage,along with a marked decrease in viral load within the tissues.In piglets,immunization with the VLPs elicited a robust humoral response,with neutralizing antibody titers reaching 1∶320 to 1∶640 after a second immunization,and no signifi-cant adverse reactions were observed throughout the immunization process.This study preliminarily explores the immunogenicity and safety of the VLP vaccine,laying the foundation for the development of a subunit vaccine based on EMCV VLPs and offering a new strategy for the prevention and control of encephalomyocarditis.

Objective To investigate the compressive relaxation behavior of cartilage in different regions of the knee joint at different strain rates,and construct the viscoelastic mechanics of cartilage in each region,so as to provide a reference for the prevention of cartilage-related diseases and the development of cartilage repair materials.Methods The knee cartilage of beagle dogs was regionally divided,and the uniaxial unconfined compressive relaxation properties of cartilage in each region were tested by a universal testing machine at different strain rates,and the constitutive models were constructed.Results The cartilage exhibited a notable stress attenuation.Furthermore,the normalized stress reduction increased significantly with increasing strain rate.For cartilage in lateral plateaus of tibia,the normalized stress reduction at strain rate 5×10-4 s-1 was 19%,and increased to 69%at strain rate 5×10-2 s-1.The relaxation equilibrium stress remained relatively constant at all strain rates.The Ogden-Prony viscoelastic model of cartilage in each region was developed with a goodness of fit R2>0.98.Conclusions The knee cartilage demonstrates a significant viscoelastic response in relaxation tests,exhibiting the rate-dependent and region-dependent properties.The Ogden-Pony viscoelastic model can reflect the strain rate-dependent stress relaxation behavior of cartilage.

Objective To investigate the compressive relaxation behavior of cartilage in different regions of the knee joint at different strain rates,and construct the viscoelastic mechanics of cartilage in each region,so as to provide a reference for the prevention of cartilage-related diseases and the development of cartilage repair materials.Methods The knee cartilage of beagle dogs was regionally divided,and the uniaxial unconfined compressive relaxation properties of cartilage in each region were tested by a universal testing machine at different strain rates,and the constitutive models were constructed.Results The cartilage exhibited a notable stress attenuation.Furthermore,the normalized stress reduction increased significantly with increasing strain rate.For cartilage in lateral plateaus of tibia,the normalized stress reduction at strain rate 5×10-4 s-1 was 19%,and increased to 69%at strain rate 5×10-2 s-1.The relaxation equilibrium stress remained relatively constant at all strain rates.The Ogden-Prony viscoelastic model of cartilage in each region was developed with a goodness of fit R2>0.98.Conclusions The knee cartilage demonstrates a significant viscoelastic response in relaxation tests,exhibiting the rate-dependent and region-dependent properties.The Ogden-Pony viscoelastic model can reflect the strain rate-dependent stress relaxation behavior of cartilage.

Encephalomyocarditis virus(EMCV)is a zoonotic pathogen that causes encephalitis and myocarditis as its primary clinical manifestations.To explore effective preventive measures,this study utilized a Bac-to-Bac expression system to insert the EMCV P12A and 3C genes into the pFastBacDual shuttle vector,resulting in the generation of the recombinant baculovirus Ac-P12A-3C.This facilitated the large-scale expression and purification of EMCV virus-like particles(VLPs),which were correctly assembled into particles of approximately 30 nm in diameter,as ob-served by electron microscopy.Immunization and challenge experiments in mice demonstrated that these VLPs could effectively protect against EMCV infection,achieving a protection rate of 100％.Histopathological sections indicated that,compared to the PBS control group,the VLP immuniza-tion group exhibited significantly reduced tissue damage,along with a marked decrease in viral load within the tissues.In piglets,immunization with the VLPs elicited a robust humoral response,with neutralizing antibody titers reaching 1∶320 to 1∶640 after a second immunization,and no signifi-cant adverse reactions were observed throughout the immunization process.This study preliminarily explores the immunogenicity and safety of the VLP vaccine,laying the foundation for the development of a subunit vaccine based on EMCV VLPs and offering a new strategy for the prevention and control of encephalomyocarditis.

Objective To evaluate the predictive value of serum carbohydrate antigen 50(CA50),tumor specific growth factor(TSGF),and tissue polypeptide antigen(TPA)levels for sensitivity to radiochemotherapy in patients with middle-and advanced-stage breast cancer using a nomogram model.Methods Eighty-two patients with middle-and advanced-stage breast cancer were selected as the study sub-jects.All patients received paclitaxel chemotherapy combined with radiotherapy and were divided into sensitive(n= 57)and insensitive(n= 25)groups according to the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors.The general information of the patients,serum expression of CA50,TSGF,and TPA,and their differences before and after treatment were recorded.A nomogram model was constructed,and cali-bration curves,receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves,and decision curves were used to evaluate the predictive power and clinical utility of the nomogram model.Results Significant differences were observed in tumor diameter,vascular invasion,TNM stage,lymph node metastasis,and degree of differentiation between the two groups(P＜0.05).Compared to those in the sensitive group,the serum expression of CA50,TSGF,and TPA after treatment was higher,and the difference in CA50,TSGF,and TPA was smaller in the insensitive group(P＜0.05).Three predictive variables were identified in the LASSO regression:differences in CA50,TSGF,and TPA.The logistic regression results showed that differences in CA50,TSGF,and TPA influenced sensitivity to radiochemotherapy in middle-and advanced-stage breast cancer(P＜0.05).A nomogram model was constructed using differences in CA50,TSGF,and TPA.Calibration,ROC,and decision curves showed the model's good predictive accuracy and clinical utility.Conclusion Serum expression of CA50,TSGF,and TPA is high in patients with middle-and advanced-stage breast cancer who are insensitive to radiochemotherapy,and differences in CA50,TSGF,and TPA affect their sensitivity to radiochemotherapy.The nomogram model had good predictive value and clinical utility.

Objective To observe the expression of ciz1 in human colorectal cancer tissues and analyse the relationship between their expression and clinicopathologic features.Methods We detected the expression of Ciz1 and Ciz1 mRNA by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting.The relationship between the expression of ciz1 and clinicopathologic features was analied.Results According to immunohistochemical results,Ciz1 showed significant high expression in the primary lesion of colorectal cancer tissue,compared to normal adjacent tissues(66.7%vs.35.0%,P=0.001).Through Western blot analysis,it was found that the relative expression level in colorectal cancer tissue was 0.32±0.03,while in normal colorectal mucosal tissue it was 0.11±0.01.In addition,the relative expression level of Ciz1 in colorectal cancer tissue was significantly higher than that in normal intestinal mucosal tissue(P<0.05).The study found that the overexpression of Ciz1 in colorectal cancer tissue is significantly correlated with the T stage(P=0.018),lymph node metastasis(P=0.022),and AJCC stage(P=0.017)of the cancer.The age,gender,tumor location,degree of differentiation,and the presence of distant metastasis of patients were not correlated with this(P>0.05).The expression level of Ciz1 in colorectal cancer tissue is significantly increased,which is closely related to the T stage(P=0.018),lymph node metastasis(P=0.022),and American Joint Committee on Cancer stage(P=0.017)of colorectal cancer.Conclusion This association suggests that Ciz1 may play an important role in tumor staging,participating in the development and spread of tumors.Therefore,it can be foreseen that Ciz1 is expected to become a new biomarker for evaluating the prognosis of colorectal cancer patients.

Objective To use analytic hierarchy process(AHP)-entropy weight method to evaluate the quality of symbiotic Armillaria in Gastrodia elata Bl.Methods The physiological,growth and chemical indexes of 6 strains of G.elata symbiotic Armillaria were used as evaluation factors,and the weight coefficients of each index were calculated by the AHP-entropy weight method.A comprehensive quality evaluation system was established to evaluate the quality of Armillaria strains,and the results were verified by red G.elata and hybrid G.elata combined planting experiments.Results The quality evaluation results showed that extracellular xylanase activity,extracellular cellulase activity and total sugar weight were relatively high,among which strains N6 and N3 ranked the top.The results showed that strains N5 and N4 combined with red G.elata had better quality,that strains N6 and N3 combined with hybrid G.elata had better quality.Conclusion The correlation of extracellular xylanase activity and total sugar of cellulase activity should be paid attention to in the quality evaluation of symbiotic Armillaria in G.elata.The quality evaluation system constructed in this artilcle is basically consistent with the results of hybrid G.elata combined with hybrid G.elata experiment,which can provide references for the quality screening of symbiotic Armillaria in G.elata.

Traditional Chinese medicines have demonstrated clinical efficacy in preventing and treating chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathic pain(CIPNP).However,their specific clinical application and mechanism of action require further in-depth study and exploration.There is thus a need to develop more accurate and clinically relevant animal models that reflect the occurrence and development of human diseases as a tool for research.This review provides an in-depth analysis and discussion of the recent establishment and detection criteria of existing rat and mouse animal models of paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathic pain.We also evaluate and explain the application of these models for the prevention and treatment of CIPNP in traditional Chinese medicine,thus providing a theoretical basis and reference for future experimental and mechanistic research on the subject.This research will benefit clinical practice and promotion,offering valuable insights into preventing and treating CIPNP using traditional Chinese medicines.

BACKGROUND: Corneal disease is second only to cataract considered as the leading cause of blindness in the world, with high morbidity. Construction of corneal substitutes In Vitro by tissue engineering technology to achieve corneal regeneration has become a research hotspot in recent years. We conducted in-depth research on the biocompatibility, physicochemical and mechanical properties of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (rBM-MSCs)-seeded gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) as a bioengineered cornea. METHODS: Four kinds of GelMA with different concentrations (7, 10, 15 and 30%) were prepared, and their physicchemical, optical properties, and biocompatibility with rBM-MSCs were characterized. MTT, live/dead staining, cell morphology, immunofluorescence staining and gene expression of keratocyte markers were performed. RESULTS: 7%GelMA hydrogel had higher equilibrium water content and porosity, better optical properties and hydrophilicity. In addition, it is more beneficial to the growth and proliferation of rBM-MSCs. However, the 30%GelMA hydrogel had the best mechanical properties, and could be more conducive to promote the differentiation of rBM-MSCs into keratocyte-like cells. CONCLUSION As a natural biological scaffold, GelMA hydrogel has good biocompatibility. And it has the ability to promote the differentiation of rBM-MSCs into keratocyte-like cells, which laid a theoretical and experimental foundation for further tissue-engineered corneal stromal transplantation, and provided a new idea for the source of seeded cells in corneal tissue engineering.

Small intestine