Eimeria labbeana is a major pathogen of pigeon coccidiosis,causing damage to the intes-tinal epithelial cells of pigeons,which leads to gut injury,diarrhea,decreased production perform-ance,and even death.There have been no research on the pathogen characteristics of isolated strains in China.In this study,1 008 fecal samples were collected from nine cities in Zhejiang Prov-ince,including Hangzhou,Ningbo,Wenzhou,Shaoxing,Huzhou,Jinhua,Quzhou,Taizhou and Lishui.The samples were examined using the McMaster counting method to quantify oocysts per gram of feces,and coccidia species in positive samples were identified through microscopy.Patho-gens were isolated and purified with methods of single oocyst pickout under the microscopy and passage in coccidia-free pigeon,followed by a detailed study of their characteristics.Our findings demonstrated an overall infection rate of 55.8％(562/1 008)for pigeon coccidia in the surveyed ar-eas,with E.labbeana present across all farms.A strain of E.labbeana isolated from Zhejiang was successfully obtained and designated E.labbeana-ZJ.PCR identification and sequence alignment showed that this Zhejiang isolate shared a 99.67％similarity in the 18S rRNA gene sequence with the Australian strain(KT305927.1)and clustered into a small subgroup.Pathogenicity and oocyst shedding patterns were assessed through animal infection experiments,revealing a 4 days latent period,with peak infection occurring on the 8th day.Following infection,notable clinical symptoms emerged,with significant intestinal damage,and changes in body weight,indicating moderate path-ogenicity.The results enriched the epidemiological survey data of pigeon coccidiosis in China,and provide a new basis for further research and effective control measures against pigeon coccidiosis.

Objective:Based on a single-center retrospective study,to explore the efficacy of intervertebral fusion through different approaches combined with pedicle screw internal fixation in the treatment of single-segment low-grade lumbar spondylolisthesis.Methods:This study retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 87 patients with single-segment low-grade lumbar spondylolisthesis who were treated in our hospital from January 2021 to August 2022,the cases were divided into Group A(41 cases)and Group B(46 cases)according to the differences in surgical methods.Group A received treatment with posterior lumbar interbody fusion(PLIF)combined with pedicle screw internal fixation,while Group B received treatment with percutaneous endoscopic posterior lumbar interbody fusion(PE-PLIF)combined with pedicle screw internal fixation.Both groups were followed up for two years.The Visual Analogue Scale(VAS)scores of the waist and legs,perioperative indicators,recovery of lumbar function[Japanese Orthopaedic Association(JOA)score,Oswestry Disability Index(ODI)score],and serum inflammatory mediators levels[interleukin-1α(IL-1α),transforming growth factor β1(TGF-β1),interleukin-6(IL-6)],the rate of lumbar interbody fusion,the rate of lumbar spondylolisthesis and the incidence of postoperative complications of the two groups were compared.Results:The operation time and the number of intraoperative X-ray fluoroscopy sessions in group B were both more than those in group A,while the hospital stay,the intraoperative blood loss and total incision length in Group B were all shorter than those in group A(P＜0.05).The VAS scores of the waist and legs in both groups decreased at 3 d after operation and the last follow-up(P＜0.05),and the VAS scores of the waist and legs in group B were lower than those in group A(P＜0.05).The ODI scores of both groups decreased at 3 d after operation and the last follow-up,and the ODI scores of group B were lower than those in group A;The JOA score increased,and the JOA scores of group B were all higher than those in group A(P＜0.05).Serum IL-1α,TGF-β1 and IL-6 levels in both groups decreased at 3 d and 7 d after operation,and serum IL-1α,TGF-β1 and IL-6 levels in group B were all lower than those in group A(P＜0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of complications,the rate of lumbar interbody fusion,and the rate of lumbar spondylolisthesis between the two groups(P＞0.05).Conclusion:Compared with PLIF,PE-PLIF combined with pedicle screw internal fixation in the treatment of single-segment low-grade lumbar.spondylolisthesis,can better relieve the degree of pain of the waist and legs,improve lumbar dysfunction,regulate serum inflammatory mediators levels more effectively,and has higher safety and significant therapeutic efficacy.

Objective:To explore the method for selecting characteristic prices of Chinese patent medicines based on informa-tion entropy theory.It involves analyzing the connotative differences among various price indicators and utilizing information entropy metrics to validate the scientific rigor of characteristic price selection so as to optimize the pricing model for Chinese patent medi-cines and improve the accuracy of price evaluation.Methods:A correlation analysis and information entropy calculation are con-ducted on the median price of the smallest preparation unit,average daily cost,and average course cost of TCM.It compares the information diversity and uncertainty of different pricing indicators.Results:The average daily cost exhibits the highest information diversity and uncertainty among all the pricing indicators examined.Conclusion:It is recommended that the average daily cost be used as the dependent variable for characteristic prices in TCM pricing research.This choice plays an important role in optimizing TCM pricing models and enhancing the accuracy of price evaluation.

Objective:To establish a scientific,systematic,and objective indicator system for the characteristic price variables of Traditional Chinese Patent Medicines(TCPM),providing a reference framework for the pricing mechanism of TCPM.Methods:The brainstorming method was initially used to screen related variable indicators.The Nominal Group Technique(NGT)and Delphi methods were applied to gather expert opinions,and SPSS 28.0 was employed for data statistical analysis.It led to the development of a TCPM characteristic price variable indicator system consisting of 6 dimensions,14 characteristic variables and 26 measurement indicators.Results:The authority coefficient of the experts exceeded 0.7,indicating the representativeness of the results.Expert opinions were generally concentrated.Based on the collected opinions and statistical analysis,the scope of selected TCPM characteristic price variables was preliminarily established.Conclusion:The TCPM characteristic price variable indicator system was initially developed.However,due to the complexity of the pricing mechanism and divergent expert opinions,further qualitative and quantitative research methods,along with a dynamic adjustment mechanism,are needed to verify and refine the system.

Objective:To establish a rapid and accurate duplex real-time fluorescent reverse transcription-recombinase polymerase amplification/recombinase-aided amplification（RT-RPA/RAA）detection method for identification and differentiation of Nipah virus（NiV），Langya virus（LayV），Mojiang virus（MoJV），and Cedar virus（CedV）.Methods:First，specific primers and probes were designed targeting the conserved L gene regions of NiV and LayV，as well as the conserved N gene regions of MoJV and CedV，respectively. The four viruses were divided into two groups for duplex detection. Subsequently，the optimal primer and probe combinations were screened by comparing the amplification efficiency of different primer pair combinations（F1/R1，F1/R2，F2/R1，F2/R2）. The reaction temperature was optimized through temperature gradient settings from 37 ℃ to 42 ℃，and the amounts of primers and probes were optimized to establish the duplex real-time fluorescent RT-RPA/RAA detection system. Finally，the detection performance was evaluated through specificity，sensitivity，and stability tests，as well as clinical sample validation.Results:The selected primer pairs（NiV primer pair F2/R1，LayV primer pair F1/R1，MoJV primer pair F2/R2，and CedV primer pair F2/R2）all demonstrated optimal amplification efficiency when combined with their corresponding probes. The optimal annealing temperature was 39 ℃，and the minimum detection limit was 101-102 copies/μl. The method could effectively distinguish target viruses from other non-target viruses，and repeated experiments showed good stability（ R2> 0.90）. Additionally，detection results for Malaysian NiV strains and various clinical samples were consistent with the Taqman multiplex qRT-PCR method. Conclusion:The duplex real-time fluorescent RT-RPA/RAA detection method successfully established in this study can rapidly and accurately identify and differentiate four important henipavirus-like viruses：NiV，LayV，MoJV，and CedV. It features simple operation，rapid reaction，high specificity，and good stability，providing an effective molecular detection tool for rapid field diagnosis，surveillance，and control of these zoonotic viruses.

Eimeria labbeana is a major pathogen of pigeon coccidiosis,causing damage to the intes-tinal epithelial cells of pigeons,which leads to gut injury,diarrhea,decreased production perform-ance,and even death.There have been no research on the pathogen characteristics of isolated strains in China.In this study,1 008 fecal samples were collected from nine cities in Zhejiang Prov-ince,including Hangzhou,Ningbo,Wenzhou,Shaoxing,Huzhou,Jinhua,Quzhou,Taizhou and Lishui.The samples were examined using the McMaster counting method to quantify oocysts per gram of feces,and coccidia species in positive samples were identified through microscopy.Patho-gens were isolated and purified with methods of single oocyst pickout under the microscopy and passage in coccidia-free pigeon,followed by a detailed study of their characteristics.Our findings demonstrated an overall infection rate of 55.8％(562/1 008)for pigeon coccidia in the surveyed ar-eas,with E.labbeana present across all farms.A strain of E.labbeana isolated from Zhejiang was successfully obtained and designated E.labbeana-ZJ.PCR identification and sequence alignment showed that this Zhejiang isolate shared a 99.67％similarity in the 18S rRNA gene sequence with the Australian strain(KT305927.1)and clustered into a small subgroup.Pathogenicity and oocyst shedding patterns were assessed through animal infection experiments,revealing a 4 days latent period,with peak infection occurring on the 8th day.Following infection,notable clinical symptoms emerged,with significant intestinal damage,and changes in body weight,indicating moderate path-ogenicity.The results enriched the epidemiological survey data of pigeon coccidiosis in China,and provide a new basis for further research and effective control measures against pigeon coccidiosis.

BACKGROUND: Generalized pustular psoriasis (GPP), a rare and recurrent autoinflammatory disease, imposes a substantial burden on patients and society. Awareness of GPP in China remains limited. METHODS: This cross-sectional survey, conducted between September 2021 and May 2023 across 14 hospitals in China, included GPP patients of all ages and disease phases. Data collected encompassed demographics, clinical characteristics, economic impact, disease severity, quality of life, and treatment-related complications. Risk factors for GPP recurrence were analyzed. RESULTS: Among 127 patients (female/male ratio = 1.35:1), the mean age of disease onset was 25 years (1st quartile [Q1]-3rd quartile [Q3]: 11-44 years); 29.2% had experienced GPP for more than 10 years. Recurrence occurred in 75.6% of patients, and nearly half reported no identifiable triggers. Younger age at disease onset ( P  = 0.021) and transitioning to plaque psoriasis ( P  = 0.022) were associated with higher recurrence rates. The median diagnostic delay was 8 months (Q1-Q3: 2-41 months), and 32.3% of patients reported misdiagnoses. Comorbidities were present in 53.5% of patients, whereas 51.1% experienced systemic complications during treatment. Depression and anxiety affected 84.5% and 95.6% of patients, respectively. During GPP flares, the median Dermatology Life Quality Index score was 19.0 (Q1-Q3: 13.0-23.5). This score showed significant differences between patients with and without systemic symptoms; it demonstrated correlations with both depression and anxiety scores. Treatment costs caused financial hardship in 55.9% of patients, underscoring the burden associated with GPP. CONCLUSIONS The substantial disease and economic burdens among Chinese GPP patients warrant increased attention. Patients with early onset disease and those transitioning to plaque psoriasis require targeted interventions to mitigate the high recurrence risk.
Humans ; Male ; Female ; Psoriasis/pathology* ; Adult ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Adolescent ; Child ; Young Adult ; Quality of Life ; Middle Aged ; China/epidemiology* ; Recurrence ; Risk Factors ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; East Asian People

Malignant tumors(commonly referred to as cancer)represent a major global public health challenge and contribute significantly to the worldwide disease burden.Early screening plays a critical role in improving detection rates,enabling timely intervention,and enhancing pa-tient survival rates.However,current cancer screening guidelines primarily focus on site-specific screening,which may not fully address the need for comprehensive early detection.A scientifical-ly rational,multi-cancer screening approach offers several advantages:it optimizes the use of bio-logical samples,reduces time costs for participants,enhances the efficiency and comprehensive-ness of screening,and minimizes overall expenses.Such an approach also facilitates the rational allocation of healthcare resources,ultimately helping to reduce the societal burden of cancer.To address this need,the Cancer Epidemiology Committee of the Chinese Anti-Cancer Association has developed the Expert Consensus on Combined Screening for Common Cancers in China.This consensus integrates multidisciplinary expertise and synthesizes the latest domestic and interna-tional researches on cancer screening,early detection,and treatment for prevalent malignancies.Drawing upon China's unique demographic and healthcare context,as well as practical screening experiences,the consensus provides evidence-based recommendations on target populations,screening technologies,and procedural workflows for multi-cancer screening.These guidelines align with the principles and methodologies established by the World Health Organization(WHO),aiming to:enhance the effectiveness of combined cancer screening in China,improve early detec-tion rates,and provide a scientific foundation for national cancer prevention and control strategies.

Malignant tumors(commonly referred to as cancers)represent a major global public health challenge and contribute substan-tially to the global disease burden.Early screening plays a crucial role in improving detection rates,enabling timely intervention,and enhan-cing patient survival.However,current cancer screening guidelines primarily focus on site-specific screening,which may not fully address the need for comprehensive early detection.A scientifically rational,multi-cancer screening approach offers several advantages:it optimizes the use of biological samples,reduces the time burden for participants,enhances the efficiency and comprehensiveness of screening,and min-imizes overall expenses.Moreover,this approach facilitates rational allocation of healthcare resources,ultimately helping to reduce the soci-etal burden of cancer.To address gap,the Cancer Epidemiology Committee of the China Anti-Cancer Association has developed the Expert Consensus on Combined Screening for Common Cancers.This consensus integrates multidisciplinary expertise and synthesizes the latest do-mestic and international researches on cancer screening,early detection,and treatment of prevalent malignancies.Drawing upon China's unique demographic and healthcare context and practical screening experiences,the consensus provides evidence-based recommendations on target populations,screening technologies,and procedural workflows for multi-cancer screening.These guidelines align with the prin-ciples and methodologies established by the World Health Organization(WHO),aiming to enhance the effectiveness of combined cancer screening in China,improve early detection rates,and provide a scientific foundation for national cancer prevention and control strategies.

Objective To explore the effects of Mahuang Lianqiao Chixiaodu Decoction on IgA nephropathy model rats and its mechanism based on C3a/C3aR signaling pathway.Methods Nine rats were randomly selected from 30 male Wistar rats as control group(9 rats),the remaining 21 rats were prepared IgA nephropathy models using the bovine serum albumin-lipopolysaccharide-carbon tetrachloride complex immunization method.Finally 18 successfully modeled rats were randomly divided into model group,Chinese medicine group and Western medicine group,Chinese medicine group was treated with Mahuang Lianqiao Chixiaodou Decoction suspension by gavage,the Western medicine group was treated with losartan suspension by gavage,the control group and model group were treated with normal saline by gavage.The intervention lasted for 4 weeks.HE,PAS and Masson staining were used to observe the morphology of renal tissue,the expression of IgA in glomerular mesangial area was detected by immunofluorescence,the contents of IL-6,TNF-α and C3a in renal tissue were detected by ELISA,the protein expressions of C3/C3b/C3c,C3aR,CFB,TLR4 and NF-κBp65 in renal tissue were detected by Western blot,the positive expressions of C3,C3aR and CFB in renal tissue were detected by immunohistochemistry.Results Compared with the control group,the model group showed compensatory expansion of large glomeruli,proliferation of mesangial cells,expansion of mesangial matrix,and strong positive IgA immune complex deposition in mesangial area(P<0.01),the contents of IL-6,TNF-α and C3a in renal tissue significantly increased(P<0.01),the expressions of C3/C3b/C3c,C3aR,CFB,TLR4 and NF-κBp65 protein in renal tissue increased(P<0.05),the positive expressions of C3,C3aR and CFB in renal tissue significantly increased(P<0.01).Compared with the model group,the pathological damage of Chinese medicine group and Western medicine group was alleviated,the deposition of IgA immune complex was significantly reduced(P<0.01),the contents of IL-6 and TNF-α in renal tissue significantly decreased(P<0.01,P<0.05),and the expressions of C3/C3b/C3c,C3aR,CFB,TLR4 and NF-κBp65 protein in renal tissue decreased(P<0.01,P<0.05),the positive expressions of C3,C3aR and CFB in renal tissues decreased(P<0.01).Conclusion Mahuang Lianqiao Chixiaodou Decoction can inhibit the inflammatory response and improve renal pathological damage in IgA nephropathy rats,and the mechanism may be related to the inhibition of alternative pathway complement activation and the regulation of C3a/C3aR and TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathways.