Objective: To investigate the association of sleep and circadian rhythm disruption indicators (including chronotype, sleep duration, and social jetlag) with co-occurring depressive and anxiety symptoms among primary and secondary school students, so as to provide a reference for promoting their mental health. Methods: In October 2023, a total of 15 944 primary and secondary school students were recruited from Nanjing, using a stratified cluster random sampling method. The Morning and Evening Questionnaire-5, Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression, and Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 were used for the survey. Chi-square test was employed for intergroup comparisons, and Logistic regression model was applied to analyze the independent and joint effects of sleep related factors on comorbid symptoms of depressive and anxiety among primary and middle school students. Results: The prevalence of co-occurring depressive and anxiety symptoms among primary and secondary school students in Nanjing was 16.9%. After adjusting for covariates, Logistic regression analysis revealed significant independent associations between evening chronotype ( OR=6.55, 95%CI =5.59-7.68), insufficient sleep duration ( OR=3.05, 95%CI =2.60-3.59), and social jetlag ≥2 h ( OR= 2.09 , 95%CI =1.85-2.37) with comorbid symptoms of depressive and anxiety among students (all P <0.05). Concurrent of evening chronotype and insufficient sleep ( OR=7.54, 95%CI =3.55-16.01), as well as evening chronotype and social jetlag ≥2 h ( OR=4.18, 95%CI =3.01-5.81), were associated with an increased risk of co-occurring depressive and anxiety symptoms (both P < 0.05 ). In the female and high school student subgroups, the combination of evening chronotype and insufficient sleep or social jetlag ≥2 h showed stronger joint effects on co-occurring depressive and anxiety symptoms [ OR (95% CI )=8.46(3.25-22.04) and 15.90(3.66-69.08); 7.87(4.90-12.65) and 4.85(3.10-7.59), respectively; all P <0.05]. Conclusions Evening chronotype, insufficient sleep, and social jetlag≥2 h may serve as risk factors for comorbid symptoms of depressive and anxiety in school aged populations. Paying attention to the coexistence of multiple sleep related risk factors may help mitigate the occurrence of emotional disorders in this demographic.

Aim To investigate the enhanced efficacy and reduced toxicity of GanoExtra in combination with cyclophosphamide(CTX)on inhibiting lung metastasis and immune function in mice.Methods The CCK-8 method was used to verify the cytotoxic effects of Gano-Extra on MCF-7 and 4T1 tumor cells.In vivo experi-ment,a mouse model of lung metastasis of breast canc-er was established by injecting 4T1 tumor cells into the tail vein,which was divided into four groups including 4T1 model group,CTX group,GanoExtra group and GanoExtra+CTX group.The control group was set.After 21 days,the mice were euthanized under anes-thesia,and the body weight of the mice was recorded.Average lung index and spleen index were calculated.The mouse spleen lymphocyte transformation experi-ment was used to determine the activity of spleen cells.The NK cell activity assay was used to determine the activity of NK cells.Blood cells were determined in mouse blood samples.Flow cytometry was used to de-termine the levels of CD4+and CD8+T cells in blood samples.ELISA was used to measure the levels of TNF-α and IL-6 in serum.HE staining was used to ob-serve the pathological morphological changes in tumors and various tissues;and CFSE staining was used to de-termine the proliferative effect of GanoExtra on CD8+cells.Results In vitro GanoExtra at 50 mg·L-1 sig-nificantly inhibited the activity of MCF-7 and 4T1 tumor cells.In the breast cancer pulmonary metastasis model,compared with the model group,the spleen in-dex and blood WBCs content were significantly re-duced,while the activity of NK cells,spleen cells,and the proportion of RBCs,CD 3+and CD 8+T cells in the blood were significantly increased.At the end of the treatment,compared with the CTX group,the number of lung metastases and lung index of the Gano-Extra+CTX group were significantly reduced,and the levels of HGB,CD8+cells,IL-6,and TNF-α in the blood of mice were significantly increased.GanoExtra at 10 mg·L-1 significantly promoted the proliferation of CD8+T cells in vitro.Conclusions GanoExtra can enhance the inhibitory effect of CTX on tumor metasta-sis,alleviate adverse reactions such as splenomegaly and pulmonary enlargement caused by CTX,and have a health-promoting function of promoting the prolifera-tion of CD8+T cells to enhance the immune efficacy of the body.

Objective:To investigate and assess hemolytic transfusion reaction in patient with complex and combined anti-Fya and anti-Jkb which so as to provide a safety blood transfusion strategy.Methods:ABO/Rh blood grouping,antibody screening and identification,and Coombs'tests were performed by the routine serological methods include manual tube and automatic blood group analyzer with matching micro-column gel cards from Diagnostic Grifols and Jiangsu LIBO.The hospital information system and laboratory information system were used to collect dada on patients' blood routine tests,liver and kidney function,coagulation,cardiac function,and other clinical indicators before and after blood transfusion were analyzed and compared in conjunction with the patients'clinical manifestations.Results:The patient's blood group was A/CcDEe.Before two transfusion,the anti-body screening were positive which identification were anti-Fya and anti-Fya combined with anti-Jkb respectively,while the Coomb's test were positive with anti-C3 and anti-IgG combined with anti-C3 respectively.No agglutination and hemolysis was observed in saline medium cross-matching test before two transfusion of Fya-red blood cell.But before re-transfusion agglutinated reaction was observed in cross-matching test by DG Gel Coombs,which strength was 2+on whether major or minor side.The patient developed soy sauce urine/hemoglobinuria and fever after transfused Fya-red blood cell again.Primary laboratory indicators were observed to be elevated,include C-reactive protein from 3.06 mg/L to 29.97 mg/L,total bilirubin from 21.4 μmol/L to 276.3 μmol/L,direct bilirubin from 8.4 μmol/L to 135.6 μmol/L,lactate dehydrogenase from 166 U/L to 1453 U/L.Urinary free hemoglobin test was 4+.The main laboratory indicators reflecting the heart,liver,kidney and circulatory coagulation function also have vary increased and gradually returned to normal after a week. Conclusion:Jkb-incompatible transfusion of the Kidd blood group system can lead to acute hemolytic transfusion reaction,but in emergency implementing incompatible transfusion due to IgG antibodies outside of the primary blood group (such as ABO/RhD)can ensure the implementation of emergency operation.

Objective: To explore the relationship between lifestyle and myopia and depressive symptoms comorbidity among primary and secondary school students in Nanjing, so as to provide a scientific basis for developing effective prevention measures. Methods: In October 2022, a stratified cluster random sampling method was used to select primary and secondary school students aged 9-19 years in 4 urban and 4 suburban districts in Nanjing as the research subjects. A total of 10 498 students were included for physical examination and questionnaire survey by using the student health condition and influencing factors questionnaire. Chisquare test was used for univariate analysis, and multifactor Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the relationship between students lifestyle and the cooccurrence of myopia and depressive symptoms. Results: The prevalence of comorbidity of screening positive myopia and depression among primary and secondary school students in Nanjing was 18.11%. The prevalence of comorbidity was higher in girls (20.97%) than in boys (15.47%), higher in boarding students (31.31%) than in nonboarding students (16.51%), and higher in high school students than in middle and primary school students (28.63%, 19.10%, 7.76%), with statistically significant differences (χ2=53.49, 149.31, 522.55, P<0.01). Multivariate Logistic regression results showed that smoking (OR=1.51), drinking (OR=2.36), looking at electronic screens in dim conditions (OR=2.40), screen time ≥2 h/d(OR=1.50), afterschool homework time ≥2 h/d(OR=1.48) were positively correlated with the prevalence of comorbidity of screening positive myopia and depressive symptoms, healthy diet (OR=0.67), outdoor activities during breaks (OR=0.80), sufficient sleep (OR=0.64), meeting physical activity standards (OR=0.74) and outdoor activity time ≥2 h/d(OR=0.84) were negatively correlated with the prevalence of comorbidity of screening positive of myopia and depressive symptoms (P<0.05). Conclusions The lifestyle of primary and secondary school students in Nanjing is related to the comorbidity of myopia and depressive symptoms. Schools and families should carry out relevant education and intervention measures to promote students to develop good living habits and jointly prevent the occurrence of myopia and depressive symptoms.

Objective To explore the mechanism of kaempferol in improving airway inflammation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)rats.Methods Twenty-for male SD rats were randomly divided into control group,model group(exposed to second-hand smoke for 36 weeks)and experimental group(intragastric administration of 20 mg·kg-1 kaempferol from the 7th day of exposure to secondhand smoke).Pulmonary function was measured by small animal pulmonary function test system,lung index was calculated by body weight and lung weight,inflammatory infiltration and fibrosis changes in lung tissue were observed histologically,the expression of interleukin-1(IL-1),interleukin-6(IL-6)and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid was detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA);the expression of superoxide dismutase(SOD)and malondialdehyde(MDA)was detected by the detection kit;and the protein expression of Toll-like receptor 4(TLR4)and nuclear factor-κB(NF-κB)p65 in lung tissue was detected by Western blotting.Results The peak expiratory flow in the control group,model group and experimental group were(19.48±1.61),(15.86±1.00)and(18.07±0.83)mL·s-1;valsalva maneuver were(231.22±10.26),(244.94±9.32)and(225.71±3.80)mL·min-1;lung compliance were(0.53±0.08),(0.29±0.02)and(0.48±0.03)mL·cm-1 H2O;total airway resistance were(0.19±0.12),(0.21±0.01)and(0.20±0.01)cmH2O·mL-1;running economy were(0.19±0.01),(0.26±0.03)and(0.21±0.01)mL·s-1;lung weight were(2.76±0.10),(2.94±0.18)and(2.29±0.26)g;body weight were(375.13±23.55),(243.00±26.75)and(325.38±23.80)g;lung index were 0.74±0.02,1.22±0.09 and 0.70±0.05;the expression levels of cytokines IL-1 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF)were(32.39±3.37),(161.88±9.02)and(66.44±6.81)pg·mL-1;IL-6 were(75.07±8.87),(129.58±13.29)and(99.94±9.92)pg·mL-1;TNF-α were(441.76±9.92),(814.47±122.02)and(656.70±70.06)pg·mL-1;MDA expression were(135.73±6.20),(179.05±15.18)and(149.40±13.83)nmol·mL-1;SOD expression were(4 258.55±384.12),(1 232.24±237.08)and(2 134.33±197.99)U·mL-1;TLR4 protein expression level in lung tissue were 0.98±0.02,1.55±0.04,1.34±0.02;NF-κB p65 protein expression level were 0.98±0.02,1.61±0.03,1.09±0.03;the above indicators,control group compared with model group,experimental compared with and model group,the differences were all statistically significant(all P＜0.05).Conclusion Kaempferol ameliorates lung injury induced by airway inflammation in COPD rats by inhibiting TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway.

The National Medical Products Administration have become an official applicant of the Pharmaceutical Inspection Co-operation Scheme(PIC/S)in 2023,and the good manufacturing practice appendix and inspection memorandum are key documents of PIC/S.Based on the analysis of the history,framework and main contents of the appendix and inspection memorandum of PIC/S investigational medicinal products,this paper discusses the key contents of the appendix and inspection memorandum of PIC/S clinical trial drugs,and provides reference for the inspection work.

In recent years, the development of single-cell sequencing technology has significantly advanced our understanding of single-cell genomics and transcriptomics. However, the study of proteomics, directly related to single-cell life processes, has been limited by slow technological progress. With advancements in sample preparation techniques and chromatography-mass spectrometry instruments, the analytical sensitivity of single-cell proteomics (SCP) has markedly improved. In this review, we thoroughly examine the development of SCP and its applications in life sciences. Regarding sample preparation, various methods such as gentle acoustic dispensing, microfluidic chips, and laser microdissection have been developed for single-cell sorting, gradually transitioning from multi-step to one-step processing, thereby reducing sample loss. In mass spectrometry, both label-free quantification and methods based on isotopic and isobaric labeling have been extensively explored, each with their own technical strengths and weaknesses. SCP has unveiled new biological insights in early embryonic cell development, stem cell differentiation, and spatial heterogeneity of liver tissues. Finally, we summarize the current challenges facing SCP technology, including detection throughput, cost, and data analysis complexity, while envisioning its future directions and emphasizing its broad potential in basic research and clinical applications.

BACKGROUND: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), a chronic systemic autoimmune disease, is characterized by synovitis and progressive damage to the bone and cartilage of the joints, leading to disability and reduced quality of life. This study was a randomized clinical trial comparing the outcomes between withdrawal and dose reduction of tofacitinib in patients with RA who achieved sustained disease control. METHODS: The study was designed as a multicenter, open-label, randomized controlled trial. Eligible patients who were taking tofacitinib (5 mg twice daily) and had achieved sustained RA remission or low disease activity (disease activity score in 28 joints [DAS28] ≤3.2) for at least 3 months were enrolled at six centers in Shanghai, China. Patients were randomly assigned (1:1:1) to one of three treatment groups: continuation of tofacitinib (5 mg twice daily); reduction in tofacitinib dose (5 mg daily); and withdrawal of tofacitinib. Efficacy and safety were assessed up to 6 months. RESULTS: Overall, 122 eligible patients were enrolled, with 41 in the continuation group, 42 in the dose-reduction group, and 39 in the withdrawal group. After 6 months, the percentage of patients with a DAS28-erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) of <3.2 was significantly lower in the withdrawal group than that in the reduction and continuation groups (20.5%, 64.3%, and 95.1%, respectively; P  < 0.0001 for both comparisons). The average flare-free time was 5.8 months for the continuation group, 4.7 months for the dose reduction group, and 2.4 months for the withdrawal group. CONCLUSION: Withdrawal of tofacitinib in patients with RA with stable disease control resulted in a rapid and significant loss of efficacy, while standard or reduced doses of tofacitinib maintained a favorable state. TRIAL REGISTRATION Chictr.org, ChiCTR2000039799.
Humans ; Quality of Life ; China ; Arthritis, Rheumatoid/drug therapy* ; Piperidines/therapeutic use* ; Treatment Outcome ; Antirheumatic Agents/therapeutic use* ; Pyrroles/therapeutic use*

This paper introduced the overview of the "eight trends" of Chinese medicinal materials(CMM) industry in 2021, analyzed the problems of CMM production, and put forward development suggestions. Specifically, "eight trends" could be summarized as follows.(1) The growing area of CMM tended to be stable, and some provinces began to release the local catalog of Dao-di herbs.(2) The protection process of new varieties accelerated, and a number of excellent varieties were bred.(3) The theory of ecological cultivation was further enriched, and the demonstration effect of ecological cultivation technology was prominent.(4) Some CMM realized complete mechanization and formed typical model cases.(5) The number of cultivation bases using the traceability platform increased, and provincial internet trading platforms were set up.(6) The construction of CMM industrial clusters accelerated, and the number of provincial-level regional brands increased rapidly.(7) Many new agricultural business entities were founded nationwide, and a variety of methods were used to drive the intensified development of CMM.(8) A number of local TCM laws were promulgated, and the management regulation of food and medicine homology substances catalogs was issued. On this basis, four suggestions for CMM production were proposed.(1) It is suggested to speed up the formulation of the national catalog of Dao-di herbs and carry out the certification of Dao-di herbs production bases.(2) Ecological planting of forest and grassland medicine should be further strengthened in terms of technical research and promotion based on the principle of ecological priority.(3) The basic work of disaster prevention should be paid more attention and technical measures for disaster mitigation should be developed.(4) The planted area of commonly used CMM should be incorporated into the national regular statistical system.
Agriculture ; Certification ; Commerce ; Industry ; China

OBJECTIVE: To observe the clinical significance of translocator proteins (TSPO) gene in the treatment of FLT3-ITD/DNMT3A R882 double-mutated acute myeloid leukemia (AML). METHODS: Seventy-six patients with AML hospitalized in the Department of Hematology of the Affiliated People's Hospital of Ningbo University from June 2018 to June 2020 were selected, including 34 patients with FLT3-ITD mutation, 27 patients with DNMT3A R882 mutation, 15 patients with FLT3-ITD/DNMT3A R882 double mutation, as well as 19 patients with immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) hospitalized during the same period as control group. RNA was routinely extracted from 3 ml bone marrow retained during bone puncture, and TSPO gene expression was detected by transcriptome sequencing (using 2-deltadeltaCt calculation). RESULTS: The expression of TSPO gene in FLT3-ITD group and DNMT3A R882 group at first diagnosis was 2.02±1.04 and 1.85±0.76, respectively, which were both higher than 1.00±0.06 in control group, but the differences were not statistically significant (P=0.671, P=0.821). The expression of TSPO gene in the FLT3-ITD/DNMT3A R882 group was 3.98±1.07, wich was significantly higher than that in the FLT3-ITD group and DNMT3A R882 group, the differences were statistically significant (P=0.032, P=0.021). The expression of TSPO gene in patients who achieved complete response after chemotherapy in the FLT3-ITD/DNMT3A R882 group was 1.19±0.87, which was significantly lower than that at first diagnosis, and the difference was statistically significant (P=0.011). CONCLUSION TSPO gene may be used as an indicator of efficacy in FLT3-ITD /DNMT3A R882 double-mutated AML.
Humans ; DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferases/genetics* ; DNA Methyltransferase 3A ; Mutation ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/drug therapy* ; Nucleophosmin ; Prognosis ; fms-Like Tyrosine Kinase 3/genetics* ; Receptors, GABA/therapeutic use*