Objective:To investigate the association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels and 24-h urinary calcium excretion (24-h UCaE) and hypercalciuria in Chinese adults.Methods:This cross-sectional study was conducted from March 2022 to March 2023 in nine cities in China and included 1 239 residents. Demographic characteristics were collected through questionnaires and physical examinations, fasting blood samples were assessed for bone metabolism indicators, and 24-h urine samples were used to determine the 24-h UCaE. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to explore the relationship between serum 25(OH)D and 24-h UCaE and bone metabolism indexes. The relationship between serum 25(OH)D and hypercalciuria was analyzed using a multiple logistic regression model combined with restricted cubic spline modeling.Results:The mean participant age was (47.9±18.1) years, of which 453 (36.6%) were male. The percentages of vitamin D sufficiency, insufficiency, and deficiency were 7.6% (94/1 239), 29.0% (359/1 239), and 63.4% (786/1 239), respectively. The multiple linear regression model showed that after adjusting for the covariates the 24-h UCaE gradually increased with higher levels of 25(OH)D ( P overall <0.001, P nonlinear <0.001). The logistic regression analysis revealed that compared with the vitamin D deficient group, the OR for the prevalence of hypercalciuria in the vitamin D sufficient and vitamin D insufficient groups were 3.290 (95% CI 1.745 to 6.202) and 3.742 (95% CI 2.458 to 5.697), respectively. The results of the restricted cubic spline modeling showed a positive nonlinear relationship between 25(OH)D and the prevalence of hypercalciuria ( P overall <0.001, P nonlinear <0.001). The prevalence of hypercalciuria increased when 25(OH)D was >17.00 μg/L and peaked at 26.71 μg/L, after which there was a decreasing trend in the prevalence of hypercalciuria with increasing 25(OH)D. Conclusion:Associations between serum 25(OH)D levels and urinary calcium excretion and the prevalence of hypercalciuria were observed in the Chinese adult population.

Objective:To investigate the differences in resistance to chemical disinfectants between bacteriophage Phi-X174 and disinfection effect indicator microorganisms, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Methods:Three commonly used disinfectants, including chlorine-containing disinfectants, alcohol-based disinfectants and quaternary ammonium salt disinfectants, were selected to analyze the differences in resistance of phage Phi-X174, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli by using the quantitative sterilization test of suspension. Results:The 250 mg/L sodium dichloroisocyanurate solution treated for 10 minutes yielded log reduction values of 3.39, 7.25 and 7.37 against phage Phi-X174, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli respectively. The 40% ethanol for 1 minute yielded log reduction values of 0.03, 2.46 and 7.30 against phage Phi-X174, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, respectively. The 100 mg/L benzalkonium chloride for 10 minutes yielded log reduction values of 1.41, 6.84 and 0.93 for phage Phi-X174, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, respectively. Conclusion:Phage Phi-X174 has stronger resistance to chlorine-containing disinfectants and alcohol-based disinfectants than Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Its resistance to quaternary ammonium salt disinfectants is between that of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli.

A method was developed for determination of dilauryl thiodipropionate(DLTDP)in fried foods by coupling solid-phase extraction(SPE)pretreatment with reverse-phase liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(RPLC-MS/MS)detection.Samples were extracted with n-hexane as the solvent,purified using a neutral alumina SPE cartridge,and finally analyzed by RPLC-MS/MS.Quantitative analysis was performed using matrix-matched calibration curves combined with an external standard method under optimal experimental conditions.The results showed that DLTDP exhibited good linearity in the range of 2.0-50.0 μg/L,with a correlation coefficient(R2)≥0.999.The limit of detection(LOD)and the limit of quantification(LOQ)of the method were 0.15 mg/kg and 0.5 mg/kg,respectively.The mean recoveries at three fortification levels(0.5,1.0,and 200 mg/kg)in different samples ranged from 84.8%to 96.8%,with the relative standard deviations(RSDs)all less than 8.0%.The developed method was highly sensitive,accurate and reliable,and easy to operate,making it well suited for the routine quantitative analysis of DLTDP in fried foods.

Aim To investigate the effects of rosavin on hepatocellular steatosis and its mechanism of action.Methods AML-12 and HepG2 cells were induced to undergo hepatocellular steatosis by free fatty acids(FFA),and the optimal inducing concentration was determined by oil red O staining and CCK-8 assay.The cell activity was detected by CCK-8 assay after ro-savin treatment,and the lipid droplet accumulation was observed by oil red O staining.The levels of triglycer-ide(TG),total cholesterol(TC),glutamic oxalacetic transaminase(AST),glutamic pyruvic transaminase(ALT),superoxide dismutase(SOD),glutathione per-oxidase(GSH-Px),and malondialdehyde(MDA)were detected by kits.The potential targets of rosavin in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)were ana-lyzedby network pharmacology and molecular docking,and the expression of core candidate targets before and after the rosavin intervention was detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR.Results Hepatocyte steatosis was induced by FFA,and the intervention of rosavin(25,50 μmol·L-1)reduced the number of intracellular lipid droplets in hepatocytes in a dose-de-pendent manner,also lowered the cellular levels of TG,TC,AST,ALT,elevated the levels of SOD and GSH-Px,and reduced the levels of MDA.Network pharma-cological analysis and molecular docking yielded five core candidate targets:NOS3,MAPK14,PPARG,TNF-α,and IGF-1,and real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR showed that the action of loxavir significantly re-duced the gene expression of TNF-α and PPARG in hepatocytes after FFA induction.Conclusions Rosa-vin can attenuate the inflammatory response,oxidative stress level,and lipid accumulation in hepatocytes by modulating TNF-α and PPARG,thereby ameliorating FFA-induced hepatocellular steatosis.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to explore the association between body mass index (BMI) and mortality based on the 10-year population-based multicenter prospective study. METHODS: A general population-based multicenter prospective study was conducted at four sites in rural China between 2013 and 2023. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards models and restricted cubic spline analyses were used to assess the association between BMI and mortality. Stratified analyses were performed based on the individual characteristics of the participants. RESULTS: Overall, 19,107 participants with a sum of 163,095 person-years were included and 1,910 participants died. The underweight (< 18.5 kg/m ²) presented an increase in all-cause mortality (adjusted hazards ratio [ aHR] = 2.00, 95% confidence interval [ CI]: 1.66-2.41), while overweight (≥ 24.0 to < 28.0 kg/m ²) and obesity (≥ 28.0 kg/m ²) presented a decrease with an aHR of 0.61 (95% CI: 0.52-0.73) and 0.51 (95% CI: 0.37-0.70), respectively. Overweight ( aHR = 0.76, 95% CI: 0.67-0.86) and mild obesity ( aHR = 0.72, 95% CI: 0.59-0.87) had a positive impact on mortality in people older than 60 years. All-cause mortality decreased rapidly until reaching a BMI of 25.7 kg/m ² ( aHR = 0.95, 95% CI: 0.92-0.98) and increased slightly above that value, indicating a U-shaped association. The beneficial impact of being overweight on mortality was robust in most subgroups and sensitivity analyses. CONCLUSION This study provides additional evidence that overweight and mild obesity may be inversely related to the risk of death in individuals older than 60 years. Therefore, it is essential to consider age differences when formulating health and weight management strategies.
Humans ; Body Mass Index ; China/epidemiology* ; Male ; Female ; Middle Aged ; Prospective Studies ; Rural Population/statistics & numerical data* ; Aged ; Follow-Up Studies ; Adult ; Mortality ; Cause of Death ; Obesity/mortality* ; Overweight/mortality*

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between physical activity and genetic risk and their combined effects on the risk of developing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. METHODS: This prospective cohort study included 318,085 biobank participants from the UK. Physical activity was assessed using the short form of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. The participants were stratified into low-, intermediate-, and high-genetic-risk groups based on their polygenic risk scores. Multivariate Cox regression models and multiplicative interaction analyses were used. RESULTS: During a median follow-up period of 13 years, 9,209 participants were diagnosed with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. For low genetic risk, compared to low physical activity, the hazard ratios ( HRs) for moderate and high physical activity were 0.853 (95% confidence interval [ CI]: 0.748-0.972) and 0.831 (95% CI: 0.727-0.950), respectively. For intermediate genetic risk, the HRs were 0.829 (95% CI: 0.758-0.905) and 0.835 (95% CI: 0.764-0.914), respectively. For participants with high genetic risk, the HRs were 0.809 (95% CI: 0.746-0.877) and 0.818 (95% CI: 0.754-0.888), respectively. A significant interaction was observed between genetic risk and physical activity. CONCLUSION Moderate or high levels of physical activity were associated with a lower risk of developing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease across all genetic risk groups, highlighting the need to tailor activity interventions for genetically susceptible individuals.
Humans ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/epidemiology* ; Exercise ; Male ; Female ; Middle Aged ; Prospective Studies ; Aged ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Risk Factors ; United Kingdom/epidemiology* ; Incidence ; Adult

Objective:To investigate the differences in resistance to chemical disinfectants between bacteriophage Phi-X174 and disinfection effect indicator microorganisms, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Methods:Three commonly used disinfectants, including chlorine-containing disinfectants, alcohol-based disinfectants and quaternary ammonium salt disinfectants, were selected to analyze the differences in resistance of phage Phi-X174, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli by using the quantitative sterilization test of suspension. Results:The 250 mg/L sodium dichloroisocyanurate solution treated for 10 minutes yielded log reduction values of 3.39, 7.25 and 7.37 against phage Phi-X174, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli respectively. The 40% ethanol for 1 minute yielded log reduction values of 0.03, 2.46 and 7.30 against phage Phi-X174, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, respectively. The 100 mg/L benzalkonium chloride for 10 minutes yielded log reduction values of 1.41, 6.84 and 0.93 for phage Phi-X174, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, respectively. Conclusion:Phage Phi-X174 has stronger resistance to chlorine-containing disinfectants and alcohol-based disinfectants than Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Its resistance to quaternary ammonium salt disinfectants is between that of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli.

AIM To evaluate the quality of Croci Stigma from different producing areas.METHODS The analysis was performed on a 25 ℃ thermostatic Waters Acquity UPLC HSS T3 column(2.1 mm× 100 mm,1.8μm),with the mobile phase comprising of 0.1％phosphoric acid-acetonitrile flowing at 0.35 mL/min in a gradient elution manner,and the detection wavelengths were set at 254,440 nm.The UPLC fingerprints were established,after which orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis was performed,picrocrocin,crocin-Ⅰ,crocin-Ⅱ,crocin-Ⅲ,crocin-Ⅳ contents and chromaticity values(L*,a*,b*,E*ab)were determined,Pearson correlation analysis was adopted in the investigation of correlations between chromaticity values and internal constituent contents.RESULTS There were 14 common peaks in the fingerprints for 22 batches of medicinal materials with the similarities of more than 0.98.Various batches of medicinal materials were clustered into 2 types,7 quality difference components were screened.crocin-Ⅰ content in medicinal materials from different producing areas demonstrated significant differences(P＜0.05);the redder the color of medicinal material,the higher the contents of crocins.Picrocrocin,crocin-Ⅰ,crocin-Ⅱ,crocin-Ⅳ contents displayed highly significant correlations with colorimetric values(P＜0.01),while crocin-Ⅲ content exhibited no significant correlation with the latter(P＞0.05).CONCLUSION This accurate and reliable method can provide references for the quality control and color-quality relationship elucidation of Croci Stigma.

Renal injury is one of the common ad-verse reactions in the clinical application of chemo-therapy drugs,which is the main reason why the chemotherapy can not be carried out in the whole cycle.The pathological mechanism of chemothera-py-induced renal injury is very complicated,mainly involving oxidative stress,inflammatory response,apoptosis,mitochondrial dysfunction,and regula-tion of transporters,causing pathological damage to renal tubules or glomeruli.At present,there is no specific pharmacological intervention for the treatment of chemotherapy-induced renal injury.As a treasure of traditional Chinese medicine,tradi-tional Chinese medicine has the advantages of overall regulation,multi-targeting,small adverse re-actions and no obvious drug dependence in the prevention and treatment of chemotherapy-in-duced renal injury.In recent years,there have been more and more studies on the intervention of che-motherapy-induced renal injury by multi-compo-nent and multi-directional intervention of active components,extracts and compounds of tradition-al Chinese medicine,and some progress has been made.A large number of studies have shown that the potential mechanisms of traditional Chinese medicine in preventing and treating renal injury in-duced by chemotherapy include inhibiting oxida-tive stress,reducing inflammatory response and in-hibiting apoptosis.Although there are many stud-ies on the mechanism of action of traditional Chi-nese medicine in the treatment of chemotherapy-induced renal injury,there is still a lack of systemat-ic review.Based on this,this paper summarizes the mechanism of renal injury induced by chemothera-py and the intervention of traditional Chinese medi-cine,so as to provide theoretical support for its clinical treatment and new drug innovation.

Objective:To investigate the effect and safety of pancreatic extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (P-ESWL) in treating the chronic pancreatitis (CP) patients with main pancreatic duct (MPD) stones and to analyze the influencing factors of success of lithotripsy.Methods:Clinical data of 132 patients with CP complicated with MPD stones treated with P-ESWL in the Department of Gastroenterology, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from January 2022 to December 2023 were retrospectively analyzed, including 103 males and 29 females, aged (50.3±16.9) years. The times of P-ESWL, the success rate of stone fragmentation, the necessity of combining endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatograhy (ERCP), clearance rate of MPD stones, and incidence of post-P-ESWL complications (acute pancreatitis, abdominal hematoma, infection, steinstrasse, perforation, etc.) were evaluated. The factors influencing the success rate of lithotripsy were analyzed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression.Results:All patients underwent P-ESWL treatment, with (2.23±0.82) times of P-ESWL per person. The success rate of stone fragmentation was 87.1%(115/132). Of 107 CP patients (81.1%, 107/132) were treated with their first P-ESWL. Of 12 patients (9.1%, 12/132) underwent single P-ESWL, and 120 (90.9%, 120/132) underwent P-ESWL combined with ERCP. There were 95 cases (72.0%, 95/132) with effective removal of stones, and 62 (47.0%, 62/132) with complete removal of stones. Post-P-ESWL complications included eight cases (6.1%, 8/132) of acute pancreatitis, two (7.6%, 2/132) of steinstrasse complicated with acute pancreatitis and one (0.8%, 1/132) of abdominal hematoma. No infection or perforation occurred. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the higher CT value of stones ( OR=1.239, 95% CI: 1.040-1.477, P=0.017) was associated with the lower success rate of stone fragmentation. Conclusion:P-ESWL is safe and effective in treating patients with CP complicated with MPD stones. The CT value of stones is a risk factor for the success rate of P-ESWL.