OBJECTIVE: Although dietary preferences influence chronic diseases, few studies have linked dietary preferences to mortality risk, particularly in large cohorts. To investigate the relationship between dietary preferences and mortality risk (all-cause, cancer, and cardiovascular disease [CVD]) in a large adult cohort. METHODS: A cohort of 1,160,312 adults (mean age 62.48 ± 9.55) from the Shenzhen Healthcare Big Data Cohort (SHBDC) was analyzed. Hazard ratios ( HRs) for mortality were estimated using the Cox proportional hazards model. RESULTS: The study identified 12,308 all-cause deaths, of which 3,865 (31.4%) were cancer-related and 3,576 (29.1%) were attributed to CVD. Compared with a mixed diet of meat and vegetables, a mainly meat-based diet (hazard ratio [ HR] = 1.13; 95% confidence interval [ CI]: 1.02, 1.27) associated with a higher risk of all-cause mortality, while mainly vegetarian ( HR = 0.87; 95% CI: 0.78, 0.97) was linked to a reduced risk. Furthermore, there was a stronger correlation between mortality risk and dietary preference in the > 65 age range. CONCLUSION A meat-based diet was associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality, whereas a mainly vegetarian diet was linked to a reduced risk.
Humans ; China/epidemiology* ; Middle Aged ; Male ; Female ; Prospective Studies ; Aged ; Cardiovascular Diseases/mortality* ; Diet/statistics & numerical data* ; Neoplasms/mortality* ; Adult ; Cause of Death ; Food Preferences ; Proportional Hazards Models ; Mortality ; Cohort Studies

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between physical activity and genetic risk and their combined effects on the risk of developing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. METHODS: This prospective cohort study included 318,085 biobank participants from the UK. Physical activity was assessed using the short form of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. The participants were stratified into low-, intermediate-, and high-genetic-risk groups based on their polygenic risk scores. Multivariate Cox regression models and multiplicative interaction analyses were used. RESULTS: During a median follow-up period of 13 years, 9,209 participants were diagnosed with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. For low genetic risk, compared to low physical activity, the hazard ratios ( HRs) for moderate and high physical activity were 0.853 (95% confidence interval [ CI]: 0.748-0.972) and 0.831 (95% CI: 0.727-0.950), respectively. For intermediate genetic risk, the HRs were 0.829 (95% CI: 0.758-0.905) and 0.835 (95% CI: 0.764-0.914), respectively. For participants with high genetic risk, the HRs were 0.809 (95% CI: 0.746-0.877) and 0.818 (95% CI: 0.754-0.888), respectively. A significant interaction was observed between genetic risk and physical activity. CONCLUSION Moderate or high levels of physical activity were associated with a lower risk of developing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease across all genetic risk groups, highlighting the need to tailor activity interventions for genetically susceptible individuals.
Humans ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/epidemiology* ; Exercise ; Male ; Female ; Middle Aged ; Prospective Studies ; Aged ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Risk Factors ; United Kingdom/epidemiology* ; Incidence ; Adult

Dynamic tracking analysis of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) biotransformation in vivo is crucial, as certain modifications could inactivate the protein and reduce drug efficacy. However, a particular challenge (i.e. immune recognition deficiencies) in biotransformation studies may arise when modifications occur at the paratope recognized by the antigen. To address this limitation, a multi-epitope affinity technology utilizing the metal organic framework (MOF)@Au@peptide@aptamer composite material was proposed and developed by simultaneously immobilizing complementarity determining region (CDR) mimotope peptide (HH24) and non-CDR mimotope aptamer (CH1S-6T) onto the surface of MOF@Au nanocomposite. Comparative studies demonstrated that MOF@Au@peptide@aptamer exhibited significantly enhanced enrichment capabilities for trastuzumab variants in comparison to mono-epitope affinity technology. Moreover, the higher deamidation ratio for LC-Asn-30 and isomerization ratio for HC-Asn-55 can only be monitored by the novel bioanalytical platform based on MOF@Au@peptide@aptamer and liquid chromatography-quadrupole time of flight-mass spectrometry (LC-QTOF-MS). Therefore, multi-epitope affinity technology could effectively overcome the biases of traditional affinity materials for key sites modification analysis of mAb. Particularly, the novel bioanalytical platform can be successfully used for the tracking analysis of trastuzumab modifications in different biological fluids. Compared to the spiked phosphate buffer (PB) model, faster modification trends were monitored in the spiked serum and patients' sera due to the catalytic effect of plasma proteins and relevant proteases. Differences in peptide modification levels of trastuzumab in patients' sera were also monitored. In summary, the novel bioanalytical platform based on the multi-epitope affinity technology holds great potentials for in vivo biotransformation analysis of mAb, contributing to improved understanding and paving the way for future research and clinical applications.

OBJECTIVE: This study was conducted to explore the mechanism of intestinal inflammation and barrier repair in Crohn's disease (CD) regulated by moxibustion through bile acid (BA) enterohepatic circulation and intestinal farnesoid X receptor (FXR). METHODS: Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into control group, CD model group, mild moxibustion group and herb-partitioned moxibustion group. CD model rats induced by 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid were treated with mild moxibustion or herb-partitioned moxibustion at Tianshu (ST25) and Qihai (CV6). The changes in CD symptoms were rated according to the disease activity index score, the serum and colon tissues of rats were collected, and the pathological changes in colon tissues were observed via histopathology. Western blot, immunohistochemistry (IHC) and immunofluorescence were used to evaluate the improvement of moxibustion on intestinal inflammation and mucosal barrier in CD by the BA-FXR pathway. RESULTS: Mild moxibustion and herb-partitioned moxibustion improved the symptoms of CD, inhibited inflammation and repaired mucosal damage to the colon in CD rats. Meanwhile, moxibustion could improve the abnormal expression of BA in the colon, liver and serum, downregulate the expression of interferon-γ and upregulate the expression of FXR mRNA, and inhibit Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) mRNA. The IHC results showed that moxibustion could upregulate the expression of FXR and mucin2 and inhibit TLR4 expression. Western blot showed that moxibustion inhibited the protein expression of TLR4 and MyD88 and upregulated the expression of FXR. Immunofluorescence image analysis showed that moxibustion increased the colocalization sites and intensity of FXR with TLR4 or nuclear factor-κB p65. In particular, herb-partitioned moxibustion has more advantages in improving BA and upregulating FXR and TLR4 in the colon. CONCLUSION Mild moxibustion and herb-partitioned moxibustion can improve CD by regulating the enterohepatic circulation stability of BA, activating colonic FXR, regulating the TLR4/MyD88 pathway, inhibiting intestinal inflammation and repairing the intestinal mucosal barrier. Herb-partitioned moxibustion seems to have more advantages in regulating BA enterohepatic circulation and FXR activation. Please cite this article as: Shen JC, Qi Q, Han D, Lu Y, Huang R, Zhu Y, Zhang LS, Qin XD, Zhang F, Wu HG, Liu HR. Moxibustion improves experimental colitis in rats with Crohn's disease by regulating bile acid enterohepatic circulation and intestinal farnesoid X receptor. J Integr Med. 2023; 21(2): 194-204.
Rats ; Animals ; Crohn Disease/pathology* ; Moxibustion/methods* ; Toll-Like Receptor 4/metabolism* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Myeloid Differentiation Factor 88/metabolism* ; Colitis ; Inflammation ; Enterohepatic Circulation ; RNA, Messenger/metabolism*

In order to study the analgesic effect of Shaoyao Gancao Decoction, this paper discussed material basis and mechanism from the perspective of macromolecules in traditional Chinese medicine. Inspired by the phenomenon of turbidity after boiling Chinese medicine, this experiment took Shaoyao Gancao Decoction as the research object to study the formation process of precipitation during boiling. The results showed that aggregates with a certain shape were formed in the solvent during the boiling process, and the precipitate was obtained by standing and centrifuging. Analysis found that the precipitation was mainly composed of small molecules such as paeoniflorin, albiflorin, liquiritin, glycyrrhizic acid, isoliquiritin and gallic acid, and macromolecules such as protein and polysaccharide. The composition of precipitate was consistent with that of Shaoyao Gancao Decoction, but the analgesic effect of Shaoyao Gancao Decoction after removing the precipitate was significantly reduced. Based on these results, we isolated small molecular compounds, polysaccharides and protein from Shaoyao Gancao Decoction and their contents are 60.4, 700.7 and 207.2 mg·g^-1 respectively. We get the ratio, polysaccharide: small molecule = 11.6∶1, protein: small molecule = 3.4∶1, the precipitate is prepared in the state of boiling. The characterization results showed that the particle size of the precipitate will change significantly after co-heating, and the content determination results showed that the content of the six small molecular compounds which was free in solvent was significantly reduced after the formation of the precipitate. The acetic acid writhing experiment proved that the precipitate has a good analgesic effect, and effectively reduced the levels of inflammatory factors prostaglandin E2 and nitric oxide, and increased the level of anti-inflammatory factor interleukin-10. These results proved that the precipitate in Shaoyao Gancao Decoction is an important material basis for analgesic effect, and macromolecules such as protein and polysaccharide are the main components of the precipitate. The study of macromolecules in the precipitate of Shaoyao Gancao Decoction not only provides new ideas and methods for elucidating the pharmacodynamic material basis of Shaoyao Gancao Decoction, but also provides a reference for analyzing the scientificity of traditional decoction.

Premature delivery is one of the direct factors that affect the early development and safety of infants. Its direct clinical manifestation is the change of uterine contraction intensity and frequency. Uterine Electrohysterography(EHG) signal collected from the abdomen of pregnant women can accurately and effectively reflect the uterine contraction, which has higher clinical application value than invasive monitoring technology such as intrauterine pressure catheter. Therefore, the research of fetal preterm birth recognition algorithm based on EHG is particularly important for perinatal fetal monitoring. We proposed a convolution neural network(CNN) based on EHG fetal preterm birth recognition algorithm, and a deep CNN model was constructed by combining the Gramian angular difference field(GADF) with the transfer learning technology. The structure of the model was optimized using the clinical measured term-preterm EHG database. The classification accuracy of 94.38% and F₁ value of 97.11% were achieved. The experimental results showed that the model constructed in this paper has a certain auxiliary diagnostic value for clinical prediction of premature delivery.
Algorithms ; Electromyography ; Female ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Neural Networks, Computer ; Pregnancy ; Premature Birth/diagnosis* ; Uterine Contraction

OBJECTIVE: To observe the protein expression of ferritin light chain(FTL) in alveolar macrophages(AM) of patients with occupational silicosis(hereinafter referred to as silicosis). METHODS: The male patients with silicosis at stage Ⅰ, Ⅱ, and Ⅲ were separately selected as the silicosis groupⅠ, Ⅱ, and Ⅲ using judgment sampling method, with 15 patients in each group. Meanwhile, 15 male silicon dust workers with small lung shadows but not diagnosed as silicosis were selected as the control group. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid was collected from the four groups, and AM was separated and purified, and protein was extracted after lysis of the AM. Western blotting was used to detect the relative expression of FTL protein in the AM. RESULTS: The relative expression of FTL protein in AM of silicosis groupⅠ, Ⅱ, and Ⅲ was lower than that in the control group(all P<0.05). The relative expression of FTL protein in AM decreased with the increase of silicosis stage(P<0.05).CONCLUSION: The expression of FTL protein in AM was down-regulated in patients with silicosis in a dose-response manner. It is speculated that FTL may have a negative regulatory effect in the progress of silicosis fibrosis.

Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19 epidemic in Huangpu District of Shanghai, and to provide scientific evidence for prevention and control of COVID-19. Methods Descriptive statistics were used to study the suspected and confirmed cases of COVID-19 reported from January 21 through March 10, 2020 in Huangpu District, Shanghai. Results A total of 120 suspected cases of COVID-19 were reported, of which 12 were diagnosed and 108 were excluded.The first confirmed case was reported on January 21, and the last case was on February 10; the majority (11/12) of the confirmed cases were reported from January 21 through February 1.The average duration of time from the symptom onset to the first medical visit was 2.6 days, whereas the average duration from the first medical visit to the hospital diagnosis was 2.2 days.There were 15 suspected cases with a confirmed history of residence or tourism in Wuhan, in which 6 were confirmed cases.Moreover, 5 suspected cases had a confirmed history of contact with other confirmed cases, in which 3 were confirmed cases.Thus, exposure in Wuhan and exposure to confirmed cases were the most significant risk factors at this stage of the epidemic. Conclusion The 12 cases identified in Huangpu District of Shanghai are all adults, half of whom had confirmed history of exposure in Wuhan.The first cluster of COVID-19 cases in Shanghai is documented in Huangpu District.Epidemiological investigation reveals that the confirmed cases might be infectious the day before the symptom onset.

According to the pathological characteristics of symptomatic chronic thoracic and lumbar osteoporotic vertebral fracture (SCOVF), the different clinical treatment methods are selected, including vertebral augmentation, anterior-posterior fixation and fusion, posterior decompression fixation and fusion, and posterior correction osteotomy. However, there is still a lack of a unified understanding on how to choose appropriate treatment method for SCOVF. In order to reflect the new treatment concept and the evidence-based medicine progress of SCOVF in a timely manner and standardize its treatment, the clinical guideline for surgical treatment of SCOVF is formulated in compliance with the principle of scientificity, practicability and advancement and based on the level of evidence-based medicine.

Objective To study the effect of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) combined with normothermic mechanical perfusion (NMP) on biliary epithelial cells (BEC) after DCD donor liver transplantation in rats.Methods The third generation of BMMSCs and the BMMSCs modified by Ad/HO-1 (Ad/HO-1/BMMSCs) were cultured,identified and expanded in vitro.To establish a stable NMP system device in vitro.The DCD liver transplantation models were constructed in rats after cardiac ischemia for 30 minutes,220 SD recipient rats were randomly divided into sham operation group (S group,n=44) static cold storage (SCS group,n =44) group,and simple NMP group (P group,n =44),BMMSCs combined with NMP group (BP group,n =44) and BMMSCs modified by Ad/HO-1 combine with NMP group (HBP group,n =44),NMP group,BP group and HBP group were subjected to vitro perfusion for 4h.The group were taken at 0,1,7 and 14 days after transplantation and the relevant indicators were detected,n =6 in each group.The survival rate of the recipient rats,liver function and pathological changes of the bile duct were observed.The expression of cytokeratin 19 (CK19) protein in BEC was detected by immunohistochemistry and Western blot.Apoptotic biliary epithelial cells were detected by TUNEL staining and the expression of apoptosis-related protein caspase-3 was detected by immunohistochemistry.Results The survival time of HBP group was significantly prolonged for (5.6 ±0.8) d in SCS group vs.(18.4 ±2.0) d in NMP group,(20.5 ± 1.5) d in BP group,(82.5 ±3.2) d in HBP group,the differences were statistically significant (all P ＜ O.05).Compared with other groups,the HBP group and the BP group were significantly improved in liver function and biliary pathology,and the expression of CK19 protein in BEC was significantly increased [(0.81 ±0.02) in S group vs.(0.35 ±0.03) in SCS group,(0.47 ±0.02) in NMP group,(0.63 ± 0.02) in BP group,(0.77 ± 0.01) in HBP group on postoperative day (POD) 14],the differences were statistically significant (all P ＜ 0.05).The number of apoptosis and the expression of apoptosis-related protein caspase-3 in HBP group were significantly decreased [(10.0 ± 1.2) in S group vs.(57.3 ±5.5) in SCS group,(40.1 ±4.6) in NMP group,(32.0 ± 2.2) in BP group,(13.7 ± 3.1) in HBP group on POD 14],the difference was statistically significant (all P ＜ 0.05).Compared with the BP group,the protective effect of the HBP group was more obvious,and the difference was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion By the method of the BMMSCs modified by Ad/HO-1 combined with NMP in vitro preservation of rat,DCD donor liver can significantly improve the effect of BEC on rats and the survival rate after liver transplantation.