Objective: To investigate the preventive and reparative mechanisms of platelet-rich plasma-biodegradable quick setting spray (PRP-BQSS) on solar dermatitis, thereby providing a safe and effective novel therapeutic approach for clinical application. Methods: PRP-BQSS was prepared. A ultraviolet B (UVB)-induced solar dermatitismodel was established in SPF-grade male SD rats. The rats were divided into the prevention experiment (treated with PRP-BQSS, L' Oréal SPF 50+sunscreen, Nature's Hall SPF 50+sunscreen, or saline) and the treatment experiment (treated with PRP-BQSS, Jingwanhong ointment, Green ointment, or saline). The effects were evaluated by measuring epidermal thickness (HE staining) and quantifying the integrated optical density (IOD) of inflammatory cells (CD11b staining). One-way ANOVA and Tukey's HSD test were performed using GraphPad Prism 9.4.0. Results: The PRP-BQSS exhibited significant efficacy in both prevention and repair. In the prevention experiment, the PRP-BQSS prevention group (Group A) showed only mild pale red erythema on the dorsal skin of rats, without significant swelling or desquamation. Histological analysis revealed that epidermal thickness in Group A (36.55±6.58 μm) was comparable to Groups B (L' Oréal, 34.84±6.59 μm) and C (Natural Hall, 34.59±8.20 μm)(P>0.05), but significantly lower than that in Group D (control group, 47.82±11.69 μm). Skin sections from Group A demonstrated intact epidermal structure with clear stratification and no significant inflammatory cell infiltration. The CD11b-positive cell count (24.30±7.43) was significantly lower than that in Group D (33.65±8.47, P<0.05). In the treatment experiment, HE staining of Group A (PRP-BQSS treatment group) showed intact epidermal structure with orderly arrangement of the basal layer, spinous layer, and granular layer, thin and uniform stratum corneum, and regular collagen fiber arrangement. The epidermal thickness of Group A (37.10±6.41 μm) showed no significant difference from Groups B (Jingwanhong ointment group, 38.66±9.07 μm) or C (Green ointment group, 35.72±4.98 μm)(P>0.05), but was significantly lower than that in Group D (control group, 48.35±8.99 μm)(P<0.05). The integral optical density value of CD11b-positive cells in Group A (32.82±11.01) was significantly lower than that in Group D (47.25±13.52, P>0.05). Moreover, the degree of inflammatory infiltration in Group A was relatively lower compared to Group B (37.14±9.20) and Group C (34.32±16.87), suggesting a superior repair capacity. However, the intergroup differences were not statistically significant (P>0.05). Conclusion: PRP-BQSS hydrogel dressing possesses dual preventive and reparative functions. It exerts its effects by reducing CD11b-positive cell infiltration (inflammation suppression) and promoting the orderly arrangement of the basal layer-epidermal layer-granular layer (epidermal reconstruction). This material holds promise as a novel and effective therapeutic approach for the prevention and treatment of solar dermatitis, particularly suitable for high-risk populations such as children, individuals with sensitive skin, and those engaged in outdoor activities.

Objective: To investigate the factors associated with HLA antibody formation in patients undergoing platelet transfusion and to evaluate the intervention effect of leukocyte depletion technology. Methods: The study enrolled 2 518 patients who received platelet transfusions from March 1, 2021 to March 31, 2025. HLA antibodies were detected using a solid-phase agglutination method. The effects of gender, age, the number of platelet transfusions, and leukocyte depletion on the formation of HLA antibodies were analyzed. Results: Gender, age, and the number of platelet transfusions were identified as independent risk factors for HLA antibody formation. Female patients exhibited a 1.64-fold higher risk compared to males (OR 1.64, 95% CI 1.31-2.07). Compared with patients under 18 years of age, those aged 18-60 and over 60 showed a 35% and 40% reduction in antibody formation risk, respectively (OR 0.65, 95% CI 0.50-0.86; OR 0.60, 95% CI 0.44-0.83). Compared with patients who received single platelet transfusion, those with 2 and ≥3 transfusions were associated with a 2.02-fold and 14.50-fold increased risk, respectively (OR 2.02, 95% CI 1.49-2.74; OR 14.50, 95% CI 11.16-18.84). The HLA antibody positivity rate was significantly higher in the non-leukocyte-depleted group (20.76%) than in the leukocyte-depleted group (14.31%) (χ =12.27, P<0.01). However, after multivariate adjustment, absence of leukocyte depletion was not an independent predictor of HLA antibody formation. Interaction analysis between the number of transfusions and leukocyte depletion revealed that: 1) Among patients receiving 2 transfusions, no significant difference in antibody formation risk was observed between the group with 1 non-leukocyte-depleted transfusion and the fully depleted group (P>0.05), whereas the group with 2 non-leukocyte-depleted transfusions had a 1.64-fold higher risk (OR 1.64, 95% CI 1.19-2.28); 2) Among patients receiving ≥3 transfusions, the groups with 1, 2, and 3 non-leukocyte-depleted transfusion exhibited 25.45-, 10.59-, and 11.45-fold higher risks, respectively (OR 25.45, 95% CI 10.73-60.36; OR 10.59, 95% CI 5.07-22.14; OR 11.45, 95% CI 8.76-14.96), compared with the fully depleted group. In patients who received 1 platelet transfusion, compared with patients who received platelets filtered by the hospital blood bank, the risk of HLA antibody formation was reduced by 65% (OR 0.35, 95% CI 0.18-0.69) in patients who received platelets filtered by the blood station. There was no statistically significant difference in the risk of antibody formation between the group that received platelets filtered twice by the hospital blood bank and the group that received platelets filtered once (P>0.05). Conclusion: Female, younger age (under 18), and increased number of platelet transfusions are significant risk factors for HLA antibody formation. Leukocyte depletion effectively reduces the incidence of HLA antibody positivity. For female patients with a history of pregnancy and pediatric patients under 18 years of age, and patients receiving ≥3 platelet transfusions, leukocyte-depleted apheresis platelets from the blood station should be the preferred choice.

Owing to physical and mental immaturity， children require special protection in medical research. With the rise of real-world research， ethical issues such as informed consent， privacy protection， and risk-benefit assessment have become particularly prominent in pediatric studies due to diverse data sources and complex study designs. Although institutional review boards constitute the primary safeguard for research ethics， journal editors play an irreplaceable role in pre-publication ethical gatekeeping. From the perspective of journal editors， this paper reviewed common ethical risks in pediatric real-world research， including the lack of scientific value in research topics， unjust control groups， inadequate privacy protection， and other issues. Based on the four principles of biomedical ethics and the three-tier review process， this study constructed a structured ethical review framework. The framework comprised three levels： basic compliance screening at the initial review， substantive risk assessment and grading at the secondary review， and escalated handling of high‑risk manuscripts at the final review， and it achieved a transformation from formal compliance verification to substantive ethical assessment led by risk grading. This could provide effective ethical risk assessment tools for journal editors and offer references for medical journals to improve pre-publication ethical governance.

To explore the application of sequential analysis in post-market safety dynamic surveillance of vaccines. Under the dynamic monitoring data of vaccines post-market approval, this research introduces the fundamental principles of maximizing sequential probability ratio test (MaxSPRT) and Bayesian sequential analysis, employing R software. Through an example of dynamic safety monitoring data of vaccines post-market approval, we analyze using the MaxSPRT and Bayesian sequential analysis. The MaxSPRT identified a safety signal in week 4 ( P<0.05), while Bayesian sequential analysis indicated that the 95% highest density interval for the RR value at week 4 is 1.13-3.27, suggesting the first appearance of a safety signal at week 4. The MaxSPRT and Bayesian sequential analysis effectively leverage continuously accumulating dynamic monitoring data, thereby serving as a valuable method for post-market safety surveillance of vaccines.

Standardized research reporting is crucial for the translation of pharmacoepidemiology research findings,and visual reporting can significantly enhance the clarity,understandability,and transparency of research results.Based on the Guide on Methodological Standards in Pharmacoepidemiology(2nd edition),this article systematically explains the key points for writing each component of a research report(including title,abstract,introduction,research methods,research results,discussion and conclusions,acknowledgments,conflict of interest statement,and references).This article also summarizes recognized international and domestic standards for pharmacoepidemiology research reporting,providing a reference for researchers.Furthermore,real-world cases will be used to demonstrate common forms of visualized reports and their interpretation methods.Finally,it further explores strategies for communicating research results.This study aims to provide pharmacoepidemiology researchers with detailed guidance on visually presenting research results and writing high-quality research reports,thereby enhancing the integrity and impact of their research.

Objective To investigate the impacts of knocking-down Keratin 17(KRT17)on proliferation,apoptosis and epithelial mesenchymal transition(EMT)of bladder cancer cells by regulating Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.Methods The expression of KRT17 mRNA and protein in bladder cancer tissue,adjacent tissue,bladder cancer cell lines(5637,T24 and UM-UC-3)and human immortalized urothelial cell line SV-HUC-1 were detected by qRT-PCR and Western blot assay.Immunohistochemical staining was used to detect the expression of KRT17 in the tissues.Cells transfected with NC siRNA and KRT17 siRNA were labeled as the NC siRNA group and the KRT17 siRNA group,respectively.T24 cells treated with 20 mmol/L LiCl were labeled as the LiCl group.T24 cells transfected with KRT17 siRNA and treated with 20 mmol/L LiCl were labeled as the KRT17 siRNA+LiCl group.The non transfected cells were used as the blank group.CCK-8,cloning formation experiment and flow cytometry were applied to detect cell proliferation and apoptosis.QRT-PCR was applied to detect KRT17 mRNA expression.Western blot assay was applied to detect the expression levels of KRT17,β-catenin,Cyclin D1,EMT related proteins Vimentin,E-cadherin and Snail1 proteins.Results The expression of KRT17 mRNA and protein was greatly increased in bladder cancer tissue and cells(P＜0.05).The cell proliferation,colony count,KRT17 mRNA and protein expression,β-catenin,Cyclin D1,Vimentin,and Snail expression were lower in the KRT17 siRNA group than those in the NC siRNA group and the blank group,while apoptosis and E-cadherin expression were higher(P＜0.05).LiCl reversed the inhibition of KRT17 knockdown on the malignant behavior of bladder cancer.Conclusion Knocking-down KRT17 inhibits the proliferation and EMT of bladder cancer cells and promotes their apoptosis by inhibiting Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.

Objective To evaluate cardiac involvement in patients with anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis (AAV) using echocardiography combined with electrocardiography. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on the detailed medical records of AAV patients treated in Jining First People’s Hospital between January 2020 and December 2024. Eighty patients were enrolled in the AAV group, and the risk of heart disease was compared between the AAV group and a control group with 80 subjects matched for age, sex, and cardiovascular disease risk factors. Results Electrocardiographic abnormalities were observed in 78.75% of patients in the AAV group, while significant electrocardiographic abnormalities only occurred in symptomatic patients in the control group. There were no differences in left atrial enlargement or interventricular septal thickening between the AAV group and the control group. The overall left ventricular systolic function in the AAV group was lower than that in the control group (8.75% vs. 0). The incidence of reduced diastolic function in the AAV group was significantly higher than that in the control group (37.5% vs. 15%). The incidence rates of tricuspid regurgitation, mitral regurgitation, aortic regurgitation, and pericardial effusion in the AAV group were significantly higher than those in the control group. Pericardial thickening, aortic stenosis, pulmonary hypertension, and rare periaortic granulomas were found in the AAV group, but not in the control group. Conclusion Echocardiography and electrocardiography are important examination methods for evaluating cardiac involvement in AAV. These methods have key roles in disease screening, diagnosis and treatment, follow-up, and prognosis judgment.

To explore the application of sequential analysis in post-market safety dynamic surveillance of vaccines. Under the dynamic monitoring data of vaccines post-market approval, this research introduces the fundamental principles of maximizing sequential probability ratio test (MaxSPRT) and Bayesian sequential analysis, employing R software. Through an example of dynamic safety monitoring data of vaccines post-market approval, we analyze using the MaxSPRT and Bayesian sequential analysis. The MaxSPRT identified a safety signal in week 4 ( P<0.05), while Bayesian sequential analysis indicated that the 95% highest density interval for the RR value at week 4 is 1.13-3.27, suggesting the first appearance of a safety signal at week 4. The MaxSPRT and Bayesian sequential analysis effectively leverage continuously accumulating dynamic monitoring data, thereby serving as a valuable method for post-market safety surveillance of vaccines.

Standardized research reporting is crucial for the translation of pharmacoepidemiology research findings,and visual reporting can significantly enhance the clarity,understandability,and transparency of research results.Based on the Guide on Methodological Standards in Pharmacoepidemiology(2nd edition),this article systematically explains the key points for writing each component of a research report(including title,abstract,introduction,research methods,research results,discussion and conclusions,acknowledgments,conflict of interest statement,and references).This article also summarizes recognized international and domestic standards for pharmacoepidemiology research reporting,providing a reference for researchers.Furthermore,real-world cases will be used to demonstrate common forms of visualized reports and their interpretation methods.Finally,it further explores strategies for communicating research results.This study aims to provide pharmacoepidemiology researchers with detailed guidance on visually presenting research results and writing high-quality research reports,thereby enhancing the integrity and impact of their research.

Objective To investigate the impacts of knocking-down Keratin 17(KRT17)on proliferation,apoptosis and epithelial mesenchymal transition(EMT)of bladder cancer cells by regulating Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.Methods The expression of KRT17 mRNA and protein in bladder cancer tissue,adjacent tissue,bladder cancer cell lines(5637,T24 and UM-UC-3)and human immortalized urothelial cell line SV-HUC-1 were detected by qRT-PCR and Western blot assay.Immunohistochemical staining was used to detect the expression of KRT17 in the tissues.Cells transfected with NC siRNA and KRT17 siRNA were labeled as the NC siRNA group and the KRT17 siRNA group,respectively.T24 cells treated with 20 mmol/L LiCl were labeled as the LiCl group.T24 cells transfected with KRT17 siRNA and treated with 20 mmol/L LiCl were labeled as the KRT17 siRNA+LiCl group.The non transfected cells were used as the blank group.CCK-8,cloning formation experiment and flow cytometry were applied to detect cell proliferation and apoptosis.QRT-PCR was applied to detect KRT17 mRNA expression.Western blot assay was applied to detect the expression levels of KRT17,β-catenin,Cyclin D1,EMT related proteins Vimentin,E-cadherin and Snail1 proteins.Results The expression of KRT17 mRNA and protein was greatly increased in bladder cancer tissue and cells(P＜0.05).The cell proliferation,colony count,KRT17 mRNA and protein expression,β-catenin,Cyclin D1,Vimentin,and Snail expression were lower in the KRT17 siRNA group than those in the NC siRNA group and the blank group,while apoptosis and E-cadherin expression were higher(P＜0.05).LiCl reversed the inhibition of KRT17 knockdown on the malignant behavior of bladder cancer.Conclusion Knocking-down KRT17 inhibits the proliferation and EMT of bladder cancer cells and promotes their apoptosis by inhibiting Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.