OBJECTIVES: To elucidate the anti-aging effect of β-sitosterol (BS), an important component in the fruits of Alpinia oxyphylla Miq., in C. elegans and its regulatory effect on ETS-5 gene to modulate ferroptosis. METHODS: C. elegans treated with 10 µg/mL BS were monitored for survival time and changes in body length, motility, and reproductive function. The effect of ETS-5 gene knockdown on survival time of C. elegans was observed, and the changes in fat accumulation and lipid redox homeostasis in the transfected C. elegans were assessed using Oil Red O staining and by detecting MDA levels and the GSH/GSSG ratio. The mRNA expression levels of ferroptosis-related genes (FTN-1, GPX-1 and AAT-9) were detected using qPCR. The effects of BS treatment and ETS-5 knockdown on AAT-9 enzyme activity in C. elegans were examined. The effect of BS on nuclear localization of FEV (the human homolog of ETS-5) was validated in cultured human umbilical venous endothelial cells (HUVECs). RESULTS: Both BS treatment and ETS-5 knockdown significantly prolonged the lifespan, promoted lipid accumulation and reduced lipid peroxidation in C. elegans. ETS-5 knockdown resulted in upregulated expressions of the ferroptosis repressors GPX-1, AAT-9 and FTN-1 and increased the GSH/GSSG ratio in C. elegans. CONCLUSIONS BS inhibits ferroptosis in C. elegans by suppressing the expression of ETS-5 transcription factor and hence the activity of AAT-9 enzyme, a key gene for ferroptosis, which in turn prolongs the lifespan of C. elegans.
Animals ; Caenorhabditis elegans/physiology* ; Ferroptosis/drug effects* ; Alpinia/chemistry* ; Sitosterols/pharmacology* ; Longevity/drug effects* ; Fruit/chemistry* ; Humans

Objective We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Shengxuebao Mixture in the treatment of cancer-related anemia(CRA)presenting with syndrome of deficiency of liver and kidney combined with syndrome of deficiency of both qi and blood.Methods A randomized,double-blind,placebo-controlled,multicenter clinical trial was conducted.Eligible patients with malignant tumors meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria were enrolled from 26 hospitals,including Dongzhimen Hospital,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,Xiaogan Central Hospital,and Yangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine,from June 1,2022,to September 30,2024.Patients were allocated 1:1 to either the experimental group receiving Shengxuebao Mixture or the control group receiving its simulator(placebo)using a block randomization method under double-blind conditions.Both groups received 15 mL orally three times daily for 28 consecutive days.The primary efficacy indicators included the hemoglobin(Hb)improvement rate(RHb)and the traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndrome improvement rate(RTCM)at week 4 of treatment.The secondary efficacy indicators encompassed Hb and red blood cell(RBC)count,Karnofsky Performance Status(KPS)score,TCM syndrome score,individual TCM symptom scores,and changes in each of these indicators compared to the baseline period at weeks 2,4,and 6 of treatment.Safety evaluations were conducted at week 4 of treatment.Results A total of 239 patients were enrolled,with 225 cases included in the Full Analysis Set(FAS)(109 in the experimental group vs.116 control group),163 in the Per Protocol Set(PPS)(77 vs.86),and 225 in the Safety Set(SS)(109 vs.116).Baseline characteristics between groups showed no significant differences.Significant differences were observed between the experimental and control groups in RHb at week 4(FAS:49.51%vs.35.24%,P<0.05;PPS:53.25%vs.36.05%,P<0.05)and RTCM at week 4(FAS:61.54%vs.39.62%,P<0.01;PPS:64.94%vs.40.70%,P<0.01).At weeks 2,4,and 6,the experimental group showed greater improvements in Hb and RBC counts than the control group.Additionally,the TCM syndrome scores were lower in the experimental group than in the control group at these time points.Except for week 2 in PPS,the KPS improvement was better in the experimental group than in the control group(P<0.05).The experimental group also demonstrated a greater reduction in scores for individual TCM symptoms such as spiritlessness and weakness,poor appetite and reduced food intake at weeks 4 and 6 compared to the control group(P<0.05,P<0.01).Furthermore,the reduction in vertigo score was more pronounced in the experimental group at week 6(P<0.01).For the score of pale and lusterless complexion,only in the PPS was the reduction from baseline more significant in the experimental group than in the control group at weeks 4 and 6(P<0.05).No significant differences were observed between the experimental and control groups in the incidence of all adverse events or drug-related adverse reactions.Conclusion Shengxuebao Mixture demonstrates significant efficacy in patients with CRA presenting syndrome of deficiency of liver and kidney combined with syndrome of deficiency of both qi and blood,effectively increasing Hb levels,ameliorating TCM syndromes,alleviating clinical symptoms,and enhancing functional status,with no significant difference in adverse drug reactions compared to the placebo.

Objective To elucidate the anti-aging effect of β-sitosterol(BS),an important component in the fruits of Alpinia oxyphylla Miq.,in C.elegans and its regulatory effect on ETS-5 gene to modulate ferroptosis.Methods C.elegans treated with 10 μg/mL BS were monitored for survival time and changes in body length,motility,and reproductive function.The effect of ETS-5 gene knockdown on survival time of C.elegans was observed,and the changes in fat accumulation and lipid redox homeostasis in the transfected C.elegans were assessed using Oil Red O staining and by detecting MDA levels and the GSH/GSSG ratio.The mRNA expression levels of ferroptosis-related genes(FTN-1,GPX-1 and AAT-9)were detected using qPCR.The effects of BS treatment and ETS-5 knockdown on AAT-9 enzyme activity in C.elegans were examined.The effect of BS on nuclear localization of FEV(the human homolog of ETS-5)was validated in cultured human umbilical venous endothelial cells(HUVECs).Results Both BS treatment and ETS-5 knockdown significantly prolonged the lifespan,promoted lipid accumulation and reduced lipid peroxidation in C.elegans.ETS-5 knockdown resulted in upregulated expressions of the ferroptosis repressors GPX-1,AAT-9 and FTN-1 and increased the GSH/GSSG ratio in C.elegans.Conclusion BS inhibits ferroptosis in C.elegans by suppressing the expression of ETS-5 transcription factor and hence the activity of AAT-9 enzyme,a key gene for ferroptosis,which in turn prolongs the lifespan of C.elegans.

Objective We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Shengxuebao Mixture in the treatment of cancer-related anemia(CRA)presenting with syndrome of deficiency of liver and kidney combined with syndrome of deficiency of both qi and blood.Methods A randomized,double-blind,placebo-controlled,multicenter clinical trial was conducted.Eligible patients with malignant tumors meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria were enrolled from 26 hospitals,including Dongzhimen Hospital,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,Xiaogan Central Hospital,and Yangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine,from June 1,2022,to September 30,2024.Patients were allocated 1:1 to either the experimental group receiving Shengxuebao Mixture or the control group receiving its simulator(placebo)using a block randomization method under double-blind conditions.Both groups received 15 mL orally three times daily for 28 consecutive days.The primary efficacy indicators included the hemoglobin(Hb)improvement rate(RHb)and the traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndrome improvement rate(RTCM)at week 4 of treatment.The secondary efficacy indicators encompassed Hb and red blood cell(RBC)count,Karnofsky Performance Status(KPS)score,TCM syndrome score,individual TCM symptom scores,and changes in each of these indicators compared to the baseline period at weeks 2,4,and 6 of treatment.Safety evaluations were conducted at week 4 of treatment.Results A total of 239 patients were enrolled,with 225 cases included in the Full Analysis Set(FAS)(109 in the experimental group vs.116 control group),163 in the Per Protocol Set(PPS)(77 vs.86),and 225 in the Safety Set(SS)(109 vs.116).Baseline characteristics between groups showed no significant differences.Significant differences were observed between the experimental and control groups in RHb at week 4(FAS:49.51%vs.35.24%,P<0.05;PPS:53.25%vs.36.05%,P<0.05)and RTCM at week 4(FAS:61.54%vs.39.62%,P<0.01;PPS:64.94%vs.40.70%,P<0.01).At weeks 2,4,and 6,the experimental group showed greater improvements in Hb and RBC counts than the control group.Additionally,the TCM syndrome scores were lower in the experimental group than in the control group at these time points.Except for week 2 in PPS,the KPS improvement was better in the experimental group than in the control group(P<0.05).The experimental group also demonstrated a greater reduction in scores for individual TCM symptoms such as spiritlessness and weakness,poor appetite and reduced food intake at weeks 4 and 6 compared to the control group(P<0.05,P<0.01).Furthermore,the reduction in vertigo score was more pronounced in the experimental group at week 6(P<0.01).For the score of pale and lusterless complexion,only in the PPS was the reduction from baseline more significant in the experimental group than in the control group at weeks 4 and 6(P<0.05).No significant differences were observed between the experimental and control groups in the incidence of all adverse events or drug-related adverse reactions.Conclusion Shengxuebao Mixture demonstrates significant efficacy in patients with CRA presenting syndrome of deficiency of liver and kidney combined with syndrome of deficiency of both qi and blood,effectively increasing Hb levels,ameliorating TCM syndromes,alleviating clinical symptoms,and enhancing functional status,with no significant difference in adverse drug reactions compared to the placebo.

Objective:To explore the epidemiological characteristics, imaging findings, pulmonary function changes, dust exposure situations, and treatment outcomes of accelerated silicosis through an analysis of existing literature.Methods:In December 2024, relevant literature from January 1, 1965 to December 15, 2024 was retrieved through the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang Database, VIP Database, EMbase, and PubMed databases. Keywords included "rapidly progressive silicosis" "accelerated silicosis" "subacute silicosis""artificial stone" and related terms. By incorporating, analyzing, and retrieving data from literatures, a comprehensive review of the epidemiology, clinical features, treatment options, and prognosis of fast forward silicosis was conducted.Results:A total of 72 literatures were included, including 23 cohort studies, 28 case reports, 3 case-control studies, and 18 cross-sectional studies. The average age of all 1794 patients was 33.67 years, with an average dust exposure duration of 5.58 years. The primary occupations associated with accelerated silicosis were stone processing, mining, and artificial quartz stone manufacturing. Imaging findings predominantly included small nodules, ground-glass opacities, and massive fibrosis. Antifibrotic treatment at the early stage of the disease could clearly delay disease progression. However, dust concentrations in workplaces were significantly above safety limits, with inadequate protective measures.Conclusion:Accelerated silicosis is characterized by its rapid onset, swift progression, and unfavorable prognosis. However, it has not garnered adequate attention in the present context. Reliable standard and guidelines are urgently needed to guide clinical diagnosis and treatment.

Objective:To explore the epidemiological characteristics, imaging findings, pulmonary function changes, dust exposure situations, and treatment outcomes of accelerated silicosis through an analysis of existing literature.Methods:In December 2024, relevant literature from January 1, 1965 to December 15, 2024 was retrieved through the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang Database, VIP Database, EMbase, and PubMed databases. Keywords included "rapidly progressive silicosis" "accelerated silicosis" "subacute silicosis""artificial stone" and related terms. By incorporating, analyzing, and retrieving data from literatures, a comprehensive review of the epidemiology, clinical features, treatment options, and prognosis of fast forward silicosis was conducted.Results:A total of 72 literatures were included, including 23 cohort studies, 28 case reports, 3 case-control studies, and 18 cross-sectional studies. The average age of all 1794 patients was 33.67 years, with an average dust exposure duration of 5.58 years. The primary occupations associated with accelerated silicosis were stone processing, mining, and artificial quartz stone manufacturing. Imaging findings predominantly included small nodules, ground-glass opacities, and massive fibrosis. Antifibrotic treatment at the early stage of the disease could clearly delay disease progression. However, dust concentrations in workplaces were significantly above safety limits, with inadequate protective measures.Conclusion:Accelerated silicosis is characterized by its rapid onset, swift progression, and unfavorable prognosis. However, it has not garnered adequate attention in the present context. Reliable standard and guidelines are urgently needed to guide clinical diagnosis and treatment.

Objective:To investigate the CT imaging features of epidural hematoma (EDH) surrounding subdural effusion (satellite effusion sign) and its application value in diagnosis of EDH.Methods:A retrospective analysis of clinical and imaging data of 30 patients with EDH and 122 patients with acute subdural hematoma (SDH), admitted to our hospitals from December 2017 to February 2020, was performed. The frequencies of satellite effusion sign were compared in the two groups, and the differences between the correct diagnosis rate of traditional CT performance and the correct diagnosis rate of traditional CT performance+satellite effusion sign were compared in the two groups; the specific characteristics of satellite effusion sign was clarified and its relations with morphological characteristics and distribution of hematoma were analyzed.Results:Among 30 patients with acute EDH, the occurrence rate of satellite effusion sign was 63.3% (19/30); among 122 patients with acute SDH, the occurrence rate of satellite effusion sign was 2.5% (3/122); the difference was statistically significant ( χ2=67.248, P=0.000). Among the 30 patients with acute EDH, the correct diagnosis rate of traditional CT manifestation was 86.7% (26/30), and the correct diagnosis rate of traditional CT manifestation+satellite effusion sign was 93.3% (28/30), without statistically significance ( χ2=0.185, P=0.667). The length of the satellite effusion sign was (1.1±0.9) cm, ranged from 0.2 cm-3.1 cm; the width was (3.6±2.0) mm, ranged from 1.4 mm-7.5 mm. The incidence of satellite effusion sign in the frontotemporal EDH patients (73.9%) was significantly increased as compared with that in the occipitoparietal EDH patients (28.6%, P<0.05); that of patients with clinically diagnosed cerebral contusion, laceration, cerebral hernia or other severe to extremely severe craniocerebral injuries (22.2%) was significantly reduced as compared with that of patients with mild to moderate craniocerebral injuries (81.0%, P<0.05). Conclusion:Satellite effusion sign is an important new CT sign in the diagnosis of EDH, which is closely related to the locations of hematoma and severities of craniocerebral injury.

Objective To explore the diagnosis and treatment of bronchogenic cyst in the abdomen.Methods Clinical data of 7 cases with abdominal bronchogenic cyst in the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University from October 2001 to February 2016 were retrospectively analyzed.Results Of the 7 patients,5 were male and 2 were female aging from 36 to 50 years with a median age of 37 years.Two cases were complaining for upper abdominal pain,5 cases were asymptomatic.Ultrasonography revealed hypoechoic or anechoic mass.Color doppler flow imaging showed no blood flow.Contrast-enhanced CT scans showed no obvious enhancement in 6 out of 7 cases,all patients underwent cystectomy successfully.Cysts were of unilocular in 6 cases and multilocular in one.Bronchogenic cysts were diagnosed by pathology in all 7 cases.Six patients were followed up from 1 month to 6 years with no recurrence.Conclusions Abdominal bronchogenic cyst is benign and postoperative prognosis is very good.

[Objective] To summarize ZHANG Xichun's clinical experience on using white tiger and ginseng soup.[Methods] Put ZHANG Xichun's document in order to analyze the effect of ginseng in this part, the treatment of disease should be added in the conditions of the white tiger soup, in the attention to details. [Results] He studied and researched the Shan Han Lun, in combination with his own experience, thought that the ginseng added into the white tiger soup, not only sweating or emesis or purgation, bus also feeble pulse. Should be taken into account the composite factors such as age and physical etc. And must join ginseng in the post partum. Put forward the theory of the Shaoyin of febrile disease. Breaking the postpartum avoid is used for cold. Remove the heat of Yangming to treat lung disease. Treat the febrile disease of pregnancy. He also thought Yangming and feeble pulse should use white tiger and ginseng soup to treat the pulse, then to purge. He was carefully to ask patients'illness. He combined symptoms with pulse condition, comprehensive analysis to both pulse manifestation and symptoms, paid attention to decocting medicine and taking medicine also. [Conclusion] White tiger and ginseng soup mostly treats the cold or warm into the Yangming disease. The basic pathogenesis is the heat in Yangming. Break the cold attack, warm disease from those. To promote the clinical application of white tiger and ginseng soup, through the clinical details in order to improve curative effect, significant contribution to the clinical application of white tiger and ginseng soup.

OBJECTIVETo study the character of welder's pneumoconiosis on CT, pathology, and lung function.

METHODSTo contrast 185 welder's pneumoconiosis and 115 silicosis on CT, pathology, and clinical characters which were diagnosed between Jan 2008 and Dec 2013. Chest X-ray and lung function of 39 welder's pneumoconiosis patients were followed up after diagnosed 4~6 years later.

RESULTSAverage age and working years of welder's pneumoconiosis were 36.7 and 11.5, less than silicosis patients 58.8 and 22.1, respectively (P<0.05). Of all 185 welder's pneumoconiosis 98.4% were of stage I and no stage III, while in silicosis group stage I, stage II and stage III were 56.5%, 22.6% and 20.9%, respectively. The ratio differences between the two groups were statistically significant,P<0.05. 82.7% of welder's pneumoconiosis patients were observed pathologically moderate or above dust deposition in lung tissue while interstitial fibrosis level was just mild (97.6% patients) or no fibrosis (2.4% patients). By contrast, 60.0% silicosis patients pathologically showed moderate or above dust deposition while 77.8% were of moderate or above fibrosis. CT findings in welder' s pneumoconiosis were diffuse branching linear structure (38.9%), low density consistent size centrilobular micronodules (19.5%), or both (30.8%). Poorly-defined ground-glass attenuation centrilobular micronodules or widely ground glass shadow were observed in 6.4% welder's pneumoconiosis patents. 30.8% patients failed to reach the original stage when 39 welder's pneumoconiosis followed up chest radiograph.

CONCLUSIONChanges in welder's lung caused by welding fume were not only siderosis, but also interstitial fibrosis.

Adult ; Dust ; Fibrosis ; Follow-Up Studies ; Glass ; Humans ; Lung ; pathology ; Middle Aged ; Pneumoconiosis ; physiopathology ; Radiography, Thoracic ; Siderosis ; physiopathology ; Silicosis ; diagnosis ; physiopathology ; Welding