Objective To investigate the relationship between the therapeutic effect of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)and cytokines in aqueous humor in patients with diabetic retinopathy(DR).Methods From July 2023 to December 2023,50 DR patients(56 eyes)who were treated with anti-VEGF drugs in the Department of Ophthal-mology,the Third Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University were included in this study.The patients were divided into the diabetic macular edema(DME)group(30 patients,36 eyes)and the proliferative DR(PDR)group(20 patients,20 eyes).Patients in the DME group received an intravitreal injection of aflibercept once a month for three consecutive times,with aqueous humor extracted before each injection.Patients in the PDR group received an intravitreal injection of aflibercept one week before vitrectomy,with aqueous humor extracted before injection and during vitrectomy,respective-ly.The concentrations of vascular endothelial growth factor A(VEGF-A),placental growth factor(PLGF),interleukin(IL)-1β,IL-23,IL-17A,and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)in the aqueous humor were detected using the Luminex as-say.Before injection therapy,all patients underwent best corrected visual acuity(BCVA)and central macular thickness(CMT)examinations,and their correlations with cytokine concentrations in DR patients before injection therapy were ana-lyzed.Results Compared to before injection therapy,the concentrations of VEGF-A,PLGF,and IL-23 in the aqueous humor of patients in the DME group decreased significantly after treatment(all P＜0.05);additionally,the CMT de-creased,and the BCVA increased(both P＜0.05).After injection therapy,the concentrations of VEGF,PLGF,IL-1β,IL-23,IL-17A,and TNF-α in the aqueous humor of patients in the PDR group significantly decreased compared to before injec-tion therapy(all P＜0.05).Before injection therapy,the levels of VEGF-A,PLGF,and IL-23 in the aqueous humor of pa-tients in the DME group were higher than those in the PDR group,and the differences were statistically significant(all P＜0.05).The correlation analysis results showed that before injection therapy,VEGF was negatively correlated with BCVA(r=-0.767,P=0.004)and was positively correlated with CMT(r=0.662,P=0.019)and IL-23(r=0.765,P=0.004)in the DME group.There was no correlation between the cytokines in the aqueous humor of patients in the PDR group be-fore injection therapy(all P＞0.05).Conclusion Changes in the concentration of VEGF-A,PLGF,and IL-23 are closely related to the occurrence and development of DR.Anti-VEGF treatment can improve BCVA and decrease CMT in DME pa-tients.The expression level of IL-23 in aqueous humor can serve as a predictive factor for the anti-VEGF efficacy in DR pa-tients,providing new targets for early diagnosis and treatment of DR.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effects and underlying mechanism of Yinxing Mihuan oral solution （YM） on neovascularization and vascular remodeling in chemical photothrombosis-induced focal cerebral ischemia model in mice. MethodFifty SPF C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into sham group， model group， ginaton group （12.5 mg·kg^-1）， and low- （YM-L， 412 mg·kg^-1） and high-dose （YM-H， 824 mg·kg^-1） YM groups， with 10 mice in each group. The focal cerebral ischemia model was established by chemical photothrombosis method. Drugs in each group were administered by gavage for 14 consecutive days after operation. The modified neurological severity score （mNSS） and measurement of forelimb grasping were used to evaluate the neurologic impairment of mice. The vascular density of infarct border-zone （IBZ） was measured by fluorescein labelled dextran （FITC-dextran） method. The morphology of IBZ was evaluated and observed by hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining. The expression of proteins related to neovascularization and vascular remodeling in brain tissues， including vascular endothelial growth factor （VEGF）， platelet and endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1 （CD31）， hypoxia-inducible factor-1α （HIF-1α）， von Willebrand factor （vWF）， and angiogenin （ANG）， was detected by Western blot. ResultCompared with the sham group， the model group showed manifest neurological deficits （P<0.01）， weakened forelimb grasping （P<0.01）， increased vascular density of IBZ （P<0.01）， and obvious pathological changes， such as neuronal necrosis and gliocyte proliferation. After treatment for 14 days， compared with the model group， the YM-H group showed improved neurological deficits （P<0.01）， and the YM-L group and the YM-H group showed strengthened forelimb grasping （P<0.01）. Moreover， the YM-L group displayed increased vascular density of IBZ （P<0.05）， reduced pathological damage， and up-regulated protein expression of CD31， ANG， HIF-1α， and vWF （P<0.05， P<0.01）. ConclusionYM could improve motor function and pathological morphological impairment in chemical photothrombosis-induced focal cerebral ischemia mouse model， and the underlying mechanism might be related to the promotion of neovascularization and vascular remodeling in IBZ.

Objective To investigate the effects of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) on inflammatory factors and oxidative stress levels in the rats with pancreatitis.Methods Eighty SD adult male rats were randomly divided into 4 groups:the control group,the sham surgery group,the model group and the HBO oxygen group,with 20 rats in each group.Pancreatitis model was developed in the rats of the model and HBO groups.The rats in the sham surgery group were just anesthetized and abdomen was opened,and then the opened abdomen was sutured,while the animals in the control group were fed as routine.Following HBO treatment,pancreatic pathological scores of each group were evaluated,and the expression levels of inflammatory factors of IL-6,IL-10,IL-1β and TGF-α as well as oxidative stress factors of MPO,MDA,ROS in serum were detected.Results The pathological scores of the model group were significantly higher than those of the control group and the sham surgery group(6.58 ± 1.51 vs.0.45 ± 0.05,0.46 ± 0.04) (all P ＜ 0.01).Swelling of the pancreatic tissue and infiltration of inflammatory cells could clearly been seen in the rats of the HBO group.As compared with the model group,ascetic fluid level was less,with less hemorrhagic spots and clear pancreatic marbling.Furthermore,pathological scores were significantly higher than those of the model group (P ＜ 0.01).As compared with the control group and the sham surgery group,the expression levels of IL-6,IL-1β,TNF-α and IL-10 in the model group considerably elevated,and stastical significance could be seen when comparisons were made between them (P ＜ 0.01),while the expression levels of IL-6,IL-1β,TNF-α and IL-10 in the HBO group were noticeably up-regulated in the model group,also with stastical significance(P ＜ 0.01).As compared with the control group and the sham surgery group,the expression levels of MDA,MPO and ROS in the model group were obviously up-regulated,also with stastical significance (P ＜ 0.01),while the expression levels of MDA,MPO and ROS in the HBO group were significantly down-regulated as compared with the model group,also with statistical significance (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion HBO treatment could significantly reduce the inflammatory reaction and oxidative stress levels in the rats with pancreatitis,and reduce necrosis and hemorrhage of pancreatic acinus,thus effectively improving pancreatic symptoms of the rats.

Objective To investigate the effects of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) on inflammatory factors and oxidative stress levels in the rats with pancreatitis.Methods Eighty SD adult male rats were randomly divided into 4 groups:the control group,the sham surgery group,the model group and the HBO oxygen group,with 20 rats in each group.Pancreatitis model was developed in the rats of the model and HBO groups.The rats in the sham surgery group were just anesthetized and abdomen was opened,and then the opened abdomen was sutured,while the animals in the control group were fed as routine.Following HBO treatment,pancreatic pathological scores of each group were evaluated,and the expression levels of inflammatory factors of IL-6,IL-10,IL-1β and TGF-α as well as oxidative stress factors of MPO,MDA,ROS in serum were detected.Results The pathological scores of the model group were significantly higher than those of the control group and the sham surgery group(6.58 ± 1.51 vs.0.45 ± 0.05,0.46 ± 0.04) (all P ＜ 0.01).Swelling of the pancreatic tissue and infiltration of inflammatory cells could clearly been seen in the rats of the HBO group.As compared with the model group,ascetic fluid level was less,with less hemorrhagic spots and clear pancreatic marbling.Furthermore,pathological scores were significantly higher than those of the model group (P ＜ 0.01).As compared with the control group and the sham surgery group,the expression levels of IL-6,IL-1β,TNF-α and IL-10 in the model group considerably elevated,and stastical significance could be seen when comparisons were made between them (P ＜ 0.01),while the expression levels of IL-6,IL-1β,TNF-α and IL-10 in the HBO group were noticeably up-regulated in the model group,also with stastical significance(P ＜ 0.01).As compared with the control group and the sham surgery group,the expression levels of MDA,MPO and ROS in the model group were obviously up-regulated,also with stastical significance (P ＜ 0.01),while the expression levels of MDA,MPO and ROS in the HBO group were significantly down-regulated as compared with the model group,also with statistical significance (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion HBO treatment could significantly reduce the inflammatory reaction and oxidative stress levels in the rats with pancreatitis,and reduce necrosis and hemorrhage of pancreatic acinus,thus effectively improving pancreatic symptoms of the rats.

Objective To evaluate the safety and efficiency of domestic snare applied during retrograde percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for chronic total occlusion (CTO) lesions.Methods A total of 27 patients who underwent retrograde PCI for CTO and used domestic snare during the procedure were enrolled in our study from March 2012 to November 2016.Clinical data, angiographic characteristics and PCI details were collected.Clinical data, characteristics of CTO lesion, effect of the domestic snare and snaring time were retrospectively analyzed.Special complications related to the domestic snare and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) were also documented.Results Domestic snare was used in all the procedures, which included facillitating the micro-catheter to pass through the CTO lesions in 6 patients and assisting the RG3/rotational guide-wire externalization in all the 27 patients.Mean snaring time was 3.5±5.4 minutes.Stents were successfully implanted in 26 patients except in 1 patient who failed to receive stent implantation for severe coronary calcification.No complications including coronary dissection, fracture of guide-wire and unreleased snare happened during the procedures and no MACE occurred during hospitalization.Conclusions Domestic snare facilitates retrograde micro-catheter crossing CTO lesions and retrograde guide-wire entering the guiding catheter and externalization.It is a simple, safe and efficient method.

Objective To investigate the psychological resilience status and its influencing factors of lung cancer patients. Methods A total of 182 patients with lung cancer were selected by convenient sampling method and were investigated the psychological resilience with Chinese Version Connor and Davidson′s resilience scale ( CD-RISC ) , the Chinese version of medical coping modes questionnaire ( MCMQ ) , and the hospital anxiety and depression Scale ( HAD) . Results The total score of resilience in 182 lung cancer patients acquired (65. 2 ± 15. 0). The total score of resilience in 82 preoperative patients was (68. 9 ± 15. 4), postoperative patients (63.5 ±13.6), chemotherapy patients (60.3 ±14.3); resilience status showed down trend (F=5.530,P<0. 05). Different educational background, marriage status, medical insurance type, treatment stage and cancer metastasis had difference of psychological resilience (P<0. 05). The average anxiety score of 182 cancer patients was (5. 72 ± 4. 52) and depression score obtained (4. 74 ± 4. 39). The correlation analysis presented that lung cancer patients′psychological resilience had negative correlation with anxiety, depression and surrender while it had positive correlation with confrontation (P <0. 05), but had no correlation with avoidance (P>0.05). Multiple regression analysis revealed treatment stages, copying strategies and depression were the main influencing factors which all explained 45. 8% of total variation. Conclusions Resilience of patients with lung cancer are at a lower level, which effected by many factors. Nursing staffs should pay attention to patients psychological status, take effective measures to help them to get higher level of psychological resilience, so as to improve quality of life.

This study was aimed to offer a scientific basis for the differentiation and control quality of Castanea mol-lissima Blume shell. The determination was given from the morphological identification, microscopical identification and TLC identification. The results showed that through obtained information such as morphological traits, tissue powder and TLC characteristics, the longitudinal section micrographs of C. mollissima Blume shell and the micro-scopic images of tissue powder had been received. It was concluded that the study provided a reliable reference for the identification of the quality control standards of C. mollissima Blume shell.

OBJECTIVEThe decoction of Astragali Radix and Angelicae Sinensis Radix (A&A) has shown antifibrotic effects in rats with unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO). The aim of this study was to track the effective parts of A&A for its renoprotective effects, according to the improvement of renal function and renal tubulointerstitial damage.

METHODA&A was sequentially extracted by using different solvents for three times and eleven different parts were gained. Wistar rats were randomly divided into Sham, UUO and the treatment groups with A&A or each part of A&A. After administration of A&A or its parts for 10 days, the levels of serum creatinin (Scr) and urea were measured. The morphological changes of kidneys were also semi-quantitatively analyzed by HE, Masson stained tissue sections, which including interstitial cell infiltration, tubular atrophy and interstitial fibrosis.

RESULTThe levels of Scr, urea were significantly increased, accompanied with severe renal damage in rats with UUO. As same as A&A, the part I in the first extraction and part IC in the second extraction were all shown to decrease the levels of Scr and urea and the index of renal interstitial damage. However, the following 4 parts extracted from IC in the third extraction were shown no effect on the above indexes.

CONCLUSIONThe extract part I and part IC could be considered as the predominant parts of A&A for its renoprotective effects, due to their improvement of renal damage in interstitial nephropathy.

Angelica sinensis ; chemistry ; Animals ; Astragalus Plant ; chemistry ; Chronic Disease ; therapy ; Disease Models, Animal ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; analysis ; isolation & purification ; Humans ; Kidney Diseases ; drug therapy ; physiopathology ; Male ; Protective Agents ; administration & dosage ; analysis ; isolation & purification ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar

Objective To analyze the clinical and CT manifestations of lung involvement of microscopic polyangiitis (MPA). Methods The clinical manifestations,laboratory ANCA examinations and CT features of 16 patients with lung involvement of MPA were retrospectively reviewed. Results (1) Clinical manifestations: 11 cases had hemoptysis or bloody sputum. Eight cases, who first presented with lung symptoms, were misdiagnosed with other lung diseases. All cases had mulfiorgans injuries involved kidney, cardiovascular and endocrine system, etc. (2) Laboratory examinations: all cases were pANCA positive and 14 cases were MPO-ANCA positive. (3) CT examinations: all cases had interstitial changes, 15 cases were interstitial predominately and 1 case was parenchymal predominately. Eight cases had pulmonary interstitial fibrosis and 11 cases had consolidation and 6 of them had both interstitial and consolidation. Two case had accompanied multiple nodulesand one of them had multiple cavitates. Six cases had mediastinal lymphoadenopathy. Conclusions Most of MPA patients have clinical manifestations of hemoptysis and bloody sputum, the CT examination show interstitial lung disease. Middle or advanced age population presented with above-mentioned manifestations should be alert to MPA, whether or not they have kidney and other organs injury.

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the effect and safety of conservative treatment for treating cervical spondylotic radiculopathy by cochrane evaluation systems.DATA SOURCE:CBM(from January 1978 to October 2008),CNKI(from January 1978 to October 2008)and VIP(from January 1989 to October 2008)databases were retrieved by computer and partial documents were searched by hands.DATA SELECTION:Randomized controlled trial was adopted in course of acupuncture and moxibustion treatment for cervicel spondylotic radiculopathy and its quailty was assessed.Dafa source was randomized and semi-randomized controlled.Some evaluations such as random method-selection bias,allocation concealment-selection bias,blind method-performance bias and measurement bias,exclusion.lose to follow-up,withdraw-attrition bias were chosen.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:①Abdominal acupuncture needles were superior to the conventional method's efficiency.②Electro-acupuncture plus cupping with barbed floc were superior to the conventional method's efficiency.③Abdominal acupuncture were superior to traction's efficiency.④Cervical traction,electro-acupuncture combined with point injection and massage were superior to traction's efficiency.⑤Traction,electro-acupuncture,massage,TDP-guided were superior to traction,physiotherapy,TDP combined with exercise therepy's efficiency.⑥Vinegar iontophoresis and electro-acupuncture were superior to simple electro-acupuncture's efficiency.⑦Long's approach acupuncture was superior to simple acupuncture's efficiency.⑧Adverse reaction.RESULTS:A total of 1416 subjects were selected from 7 randomized controlled trials.All the studies have selection bias,measurement bias,loss of the high probability of bias,the quality and grade of"C"grade.And only one study proved that the efficiency of the experimental group was better than that of the control group.Study 1 showed that there was insufficient evidence suggested that acupuncture treatment of abdominal cervical spondylotic radiculopathy was efficient than conventional acupuncture.Study 2 showed that there was insufficient evidence suggested that electro-acupuncture plus cupping therapy with barbed floc was efficient than conventional acupuncture to cure cervical spondylotic radiculopathy.Study 3 showed that there was insufficient evidence suggested that acupuncture treatment of abdominal cervical spondylotic rediculopathy was efficient than traction.Study 4 showed that the cervical traction,electro-acupuncture combined with acupoint-injection treatment of cervical spondylotic radiculopathy was efficient than traction combined massage therapy.Study 5 showed that there was insufficient evidence suggested that traction,electro-acupuncture,massage,TDP-guided therapy was efficient than traction,physical therapy,TDP combined with exercise therapy.Study 6 showed that there was insufficient evidence suggested thatelectro-acupuncture combined with vinegar iontophoresis treatment of cervical spondylotic radiculopathy was better than the simple electro-acupuncture therapy.Study 7 showed that there was insufficient evidence suggested that the acupuncture therapy using Long's approach was better than simple acupuncture.No adveme reactions appeared to terminate the test in 7 studies.CONCLUSlON:The above seven studies mainly present with low quality,absence of a unified curative method,small samples,difference of follow-up time,iudgment standard and measurement standard.So more samples,multicenter and more regular randomized controlled trial should be performed.