Objective:To compare the predictive efficacy of different versions of Briganti nomogram in predicting lymph node metastasis in Chinese patients with prostate cancer.Methods:From October 2012 to April 2021, 583 cases with prostate cancer who underwent radical prostatectomy and pelvic lymphadenectomy by a single surgeon were retrospectively collected. For all 583 patients, the median age was 67 (63, 72)years old, median BMI was 24.39(22.58, 26.35)kg/m 2, median PSA was 22(12, 43)ng/ml. There were 65 cases, 357 cases, 140 cases and 21 cases with clinical stage T 1, T 2, T 3 and T 4. There were 30 cases, 109 cases, 104 cases, 160 cases and 180 cases for ISUP 1 group, 2 group, 3 group, 4 group and 5 group. The median percentage of positive biopsy cores was 50%(33%-83%). The validated nomograms were Briganti's 2006, 2012 and 2017. Compared with the 2006 edition, the new variables in the 2012 edition and 2017 edition were the percentage of positive biopsy cores, the percentage of the highest grade positive biopsy cores and the percentage of the lower grade positive biopsy cores, respectively. The validation patients for the 2006, 2012 and 2017 versions of nomogram were 560, 513 and 357, respectively, which were used as the differential validation cohorts. A total of 357 patients were validated for all three versions of nomogram, which was considered as the general validation cohort. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC), calibration curve and clinical decision curve analysis were used to evaluate the predictive efficacy of the three versions of nomograms. Results:In the differential validation cohort, the AUC values of the 2006, 2012 and 2017 versions of the nomogram were 0.738(95% CI 0.690-0.785), 0.765(95% CI 0.717-0.814) and 0.779(95% CI 0.724-0.834), respectively. There was no significant difference in AUC values among versions ( P>0.05). In the general validation cohort, the AUC values of the three versions of the nomogram were as follows 0.744(95% CI 0.682-0.805), 0.759(95% CI 0.700-0.818) and 0.779(95% CI 0.724-0.834), respectively. There was no significant difference in AUC values among the three versions ( P>0.05). The calibration curve showed that the prediction probability of 2012 and 2017 editions was in good agreement with the actual risk within the prediction probability of 0-40%. Analysis of the clinical decision curve showed that the clinical benefit of the 2012 version was greater than that of the other two versions in the prediction threshold of 0-33%. Conclusion:Briganti nomogram is suitable for predicting pelvic lymph node metastasis in Chinese patients with prostate cancer. The 2012 and 2017 versions of the nomogram have good predictive performance, and the versions can be selected according to the predictive variables that can be provided.

Objective:To explore the value of high frequency ultrasound elastography in the differential diagnosis of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT) with thyroid nodules.Methods:112 HT patients complicated with thyroid nodule disease in Department of Ultrasound in Yantai Yantaishan Hospital from Jan. 2017 to Jan. 2020 were randomly selected for prospective study. All patients were diagnosed by routine ultrasound and high-frequency ultrasound elastography, and underwent surgical exploration and pathological diagnosis. Taking the postoperative pathological results as the gold standard, the specificity, sensitivity, negative-positive predictive value of conventional ultrasound and high-frequency ultrasound elastography in HT complicated with thyroid nodular disease were compared and analyzed, and the diagnostic efficacy was evaluated.Results:There were 138 nodules in 112 cases, including 47 benign nodules and 91 malignant nodules. The specificity and sensitivity of routine ultrasonography were 80.85% and 78.02%, respectively; The specificity and sensitivity of high frequency ultrasound elastography were 87.23% and 90.11%. Compared with conventional ultrasound, high frequency ultrasound elastography had higher specificity and sensitivity in detecting lesions ( χ2=4.54, 4.25, P=0.026, 0.039) . The negative predictive value of routine ultrasonography was 65.52%, the positive predictive value was 88.75%, and the ROC was 0.775. The best diagnostic cut-off point was 3.04. The negative predictive value of high frequency ultrasound elastography was 82.00%, the positive predictive value was 93.18%, the ROC was 0.812, and the best diagnostic cut-off point was 32.89 kpa. Compared with conventional ultrasound, high frequency ultrasound elastography had higher negative and positive predictive values ( χ2=4.35, 4.48, P=0.031, 0.027) . Conclusion:High frequency ultrasound elastography can improve the negative predictive value and sensitivity in the diagnosis of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis and thyroid cancer, judge the benign and malignant lesions, and provide more accurate data for early surgical treatment.

BACKGROUND: Lung cancer is one of the malignant tumors. Gene mutations associated with cellular immune function and regulating the activation and proliferation of immune cells. Several publications have explored the relationship between cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) +49 adenine (A)/guanine (G) polymorphism and susceptibility of lung cancer, but the results remain controversial. Thus, we performed this meta-analysis to derive a more comprehensive estimation of the relationship. METHODS: All articles addressed lung cancer and polymorphisms of CTLA-4 were searched from the PubMed, EMBASE databases published up to June 29, 2019. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to assess the strength of association. Publication bias of relevant studies was examined via Begg's test and funnel plots. RESULTS: The meta-analysis included 8 case-control studies covering 4,430 lung cancer patients and 5,198 healthy controls from September 2008 to April 2020. The overall eligible data indicated that CTLA-4 +49A/G polymorphisms did not correlate with the elevated lung cancer risk in all genetic comparison models (dominant model: OR=1.037, 95%CI: 0.925-1.161; recessive model: OR=0.968, 95%CI: 0.888-1.055; allele model: OR=0.992, 95%CI: 0.933-1.054; homozygous model: OR=0.980, 95%CI: 0.857-1.121; heterozygous model: OR=1.023, 95%CI: 0.906-1.154). In further stratified analyses, CTLA-4 +49A/G polymorphism was found to be significantly associated with susceptibility to NSCLC in these models (dominant model: OR=1.404, 95%CI: 1.074-1.836; allele model: OR=1.273, 95%CI: 1.034-1.565; homozygous model: OR=1.553, 95%CI: 1.044-2.310; heterozygous model: OR=1.308, 95%CI: 1.062-1.611). CONCLUSIONS CTLA-4 +49A/G polymorphism were not associated with the risk of lung cancer but might be a risk factor only in NSCLC.

COVID-19 pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has spread across the globe, posing an enormous threat to public health and safety. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), in combination with Western medicine (WM), has made important and lasting contributions in the battle against COVID-19. In this review, updated clinical effects and potential mechanisms of TCM, presented in newly recognized three distinct phases of the disease, are summarized and discussed. By integrating the available clinical and preclinical evidence, the efficacies and underlying mechanisms of TCM on COVID-19, including the highly recommended three Chinese patent medicines and three Chinese medicine formulas, are described in a panorama. We hope that this comprehensive review not only provides a reference for health care professionals and the public to recognize the significant contributions of TCM for COVID-19, but also serves as an evidence-based in-depth summary and analysis to facilitate understanding the true scientific value of TCM.

Objective To investigate the effect of miR-148a on the chemosensitivity of cervical cancer HeLa cells to cisplatin and its related mechanism. Methods Cervical cancer HeLa cells were cultured in vitro and the concentration gradient of cisplatin was set to detect IC₂₀ value. Control group, mimic control group, miR-148a mimic group, inhibitor control group and miR-148a inhibitor group were set up. qRT-PCR was used to detect the expression of miR-148a and STAT3 mRNA after transfection. After 4 μmol/L cisplatin treatment, the proliferation of HeLa cells was detected by MTT assay; the apoptosis and cell cycle distribution were detected by flow cytometry; Western blot was used to detect the protein expression of p-STAT3/STAT3, CyclinD1, Bcl-2, Bax and Cleaved caspase-3. Results The IC₂₀ of cisplatin on HeLa cells was about 4 μmol/L. Compared with the mimic control group, the level of miR-148a in the miR-148a mimic group was significantly increased, and the level of STAT3 mRNA was significantly decreased (P < 0.05). Compared with the inhibitor control group, the level of miR-148a in HeLa cells in miR-148a inhibitor group was significantly decreased, and the level of STAT3 mRNA was significantly increased (P < 0.05). On the basis of cisplatin treatment, compared with the mimic control group, the apoptosis rate, G₀/G₁ phase cell ratio, the protein levels of Bax and Cleaved caspase-3 were significantly increased in miR-148a mimic group, while OD value, the proportions of cells in S and G₂/M phase, the protein levels of p-STAT3/STAT3, CyclinD1, Bcl-2 were significantly decreased (P < 0.05); compared with the inhibitor control group, the above indicators of HeLa cells in miR-148a inhibitor group changed significantly in the opposite direction (P < 0.05). Conclusion MiR-148a could enhance the chemosensitivity of cervical cancer HeLa cells to cisplatin by targetedly inhibiting STAT3.

From providing funds for the global fight against infectious diseases,to actively participating in global health security actions,to strengthening mutual cooperation in the field of health,and providing medical treatment,training and scholarships to countries in need,China's foreign aid on global poverty alleviation is increasingly diversified and expanding in scale.Indeed,China is playing an increasingly important leading role in the global health agenda.It is worth mentioning that over the years,artemisinin compound have saved millions of lives all over the world,especially in poverty-stricken areas.China's work mode of malaria elimination has also been written into WHO's technical documents and recommended to other countries.Since 2007,Chinese medical staff has carried out the Artemisinin Compound Malaria Control Project in Comoros,bringing Chinese prevention and treatment programs to the local area.By 2014,Comoros had achieved zero deaths from malaria,and the number of cases had dropped by 98％.Now,this program is also extended to Togo,another African country.This article preliminarily summarizes the malaria profile in Togo and introduces China-Togo Cooperative Artemisinin Malaria Control Demonstration Project to provide a reference for better anti-malaria assistance in Togo,and also shows one of the substantive actions of China's participation in global health governance,which contributes Chinese wisdom and offers Chinese solutions to global poverty alleviation.

Background:Acute gastroenteritis is the second largest public health problem in the world. Rotavirus(RV)is one of the pathogens of acute gastroenteritis in adults,researches focusing on RV infection may provide the basis for prevention and control of the disease. Aims:To determine the epidemiological characteristics of RV infection in adults with acute gastroenteritis in Shanghai,China. Methods:From Jun. 2010 to Dec. 2013,stool samples and clinical data in adults with acute gastroenteritis in a designated hospital in Shanghai Changning District were collected. ELISA and PCR were used to detect RV infection and its genotypes. Results:A total of 1 554 eligible stool samples from acute gastroenteritis patients were recruited,of them 691 were males and 863 were females,the mean age was(46. 19 ± 15. 59)years old. RV was detected in 189 patients with a detection rate of 12. 2% ,163(10. 5% )were categorized as group A RV and 26(1. 7% ) were group B/ C RV;the most common genotypes in group A RV were G9(30. 1% )and G1(25. 2% ). Watery stool and vomiting were more prevalent in RV-positive patients than in RV-negative patients(P < 0. 05). The detection rates in years 2010,2011,2012 and 2013 were 12. 2% ,14. 9% ,6. 8% and 16. 3% ,respectively. When analyzed by age group,the detection rate was significantly lower in 18-39 years group than those in 40-59,60-79,and ≥80 years groups(8. 7% vs. 14. 8% ,14. 2% ,and 17. 1% ,P < 0. 05). The peak of epidemic was from Nov. to next Feb. Conclusions:RV infection in adults with acute gastroenteritis is more popular in middle aged and elderly people and shows a winter seasonality in Shanghai,China. The most common genotypes of group A RV are G9 and G1.

Objective To investigate the epidemiology of adults acute viral gastroenteritis in Shanghai Changning district. Methods All of 1 554 stool specimens of adults acute gastroenteritis in Shanghai Changning district from June 2010 to December 2013, and the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and multiple polymerase chain reaction was used to detecte different viruses. Results In all of 1 554 cases, the average age was (46.19 ± 15.59) years. Among them, 691 persons were male, 863 persons were female. Virus infection was detected in 407 cases, and the detection rate was 26.19%. Among them, 395 cases (97.05%) were single virus infection, and 12 cases (2.95%) were mixed infection. The peak of epidemic was from every November to next February. The incidence of watery diarrhea, vomiting and fever in virus positive group was significantly higher than that in virus negative group:95.09%(387/407) vs. 88.14%(1 011/1 147), 31.20%(127/407) vs. 18.83%(216/1 147), and 11.06%(45/407) vs. 7.59%(87/1147), P<0.01 or<0.05. Conclusions Rotavirus infection is common in adults with acute viral gastroenteritis. Patients with positive virus infection had a higher incidence of watery diarrhea, vomiting and fever. The peak of epidemic is winter.

OBJECTIVETo compare the safety of haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) vaccine vaccination on vastus lateralis muscle and deltoid muscle of infant.

METHODSA total of 408 3-4 months old infants were divided into vastus lateralis muscle group and deltoid muscle group in Beijing, 2014. They were divided into the vastus lateralis muscle group (204) and deltoid muscle group (204) by extracting random number. Each observation object was given 3 doses of Hib vaccine according to the program. Collected systemic and local reactions after vaccination and calculated the incidence of adverse reactions.

RESULTSA total of 61 infants were quitted during the study, 1 132 doses were observed. The total reactions incidence of Vastus lateralis muscle group and Deltoid muscle group were 33.0% (186/564) and 27.6% (157/568) with no statistical differences (χ² = 3.818, P = 0.059). The two groups incidence at the same day of vaccination (day 0) which the highest were 23.2% (131/564) and 20.6% (117/568), then declined with time (linear trend test vastus lateralis muscle group χ² = 36.600, P < 0.001,deltoid muscle group χ² = 29.947, P < 0.001), day 1 were 20.4% (115/564) and 17.6% (100/568), day 2 were 16.0% (90/564) and 13.4% (76/568), day 3 were 10.3% (58/564) and 10.6% (60/568), day 4-7 were 11.2% (63/564) and 11.3% (64/568). No serious adverse events (SAE) were reported during the study. The local reactions incidence of two groups were 7.1% (40/564) and 7.7% (44/568)with no statistical differences (χ² = 0.176, P = 0.675). The systemic reactions incidence of two groups were 25.9% (146/564) and 20.6% (117/568) with obvious statistical differences (χ² = 4.437, P = 0.035). The fever incidence of vastus lateralis muscle group (11.5% (65/564)) was higher than Deltoid muscle group (4.4% (25/568)) with obvious statistical differences (χ² = 4.868, P = 0.027). The 1st dose incidence of fever and abnormal crying of vastus lateralis muscle group (fever 11.3% (23/204), abnormal crying 19.1% (39/204)) was higher than deltoid muscle group (fever 4.4% (9/204), abnormal crying 11.8% (24/204)) and the 2nd dose of diarrhea of deltoid muscle group (11.6% (22/190)) was higher than vastus lateralis muscle group (5.9% (11/187)) with obvious statistical differences (fever χ² = 15.288, P < 0.001, abnormal crying χ² = 4.224, P = 0.040, diarrhea χ² = 3.829, P = 0.046).

CONCLUSIONBoth vastus lateralis muscle group and deltoid muscle group had lower incidence of adverse reactions after vaccination. No serious adverse events were associated with vaccination. Vastus lateralis muscle vaccination as well as deltoid muscle vaccination demonstrated safe.

Bacterial Capsules ; China ; Deltoid Muscle ; Fever ; Haemophilus Vaccines ; Haemophilus influenzae type b ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant ; Quadriceps Muscle ; Vaccination

Objective To discuss the effect of light invasive treatment of endometrial in husband sperm intrauterine insemination outcomes.Methods A total of 248 patients receiving husband sperm intrauterine insemination were divided into two groups by random digits table method.The patients in light invasive treatment of endometrial group (138 cases with 246 cycles) were performed with light invasive treatment of endometrial,and the patients in control group (110 cases with 201 cycles) were not perfomed with light invasive treatment of endometrial.Human chorionic gonadotropin day of endometrial thickness,intrauterine insemination tube placed successfully or not,whether fertilization tube bloody and clinical pregnancy rates and so on were compared between two groups.Results There was no significant difference in human chorionic gonadotropin day of endometrial thickness between two groups (P ＞ 0.05).The success rate of intrauterine insemination tube placement in light invasive treatment of endometrial group was 78.5％ (193/246),which was higher than that in control group (65.2％,131/201),and there was significant difference (P ＜ 0.05).The intrauterine insemination tube bloody rate in light invasive treatment of endometrial group was 13.4％ (33/246),which was lower than that in control group (34.8％,70/201),and there was significant difference (P ＜ 0.05).The pregnancy rate in light invasive treatment of endometrial group was 31.9％ (44/138),which was higher than that in control group (18.2％,20/110),and there was significant difference (P ＜ 0.05).There were no significant differences in ectopic pregnancy rate and abortion rate between two groups (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Through light invasive treatment of endometrial the husband sperm intrauterine insemination outcomes can be improved.