Chronic heart failure （CHF） is an end-stage cardiac syndrome driven by multiple factors. Its pathological process involves interactions of multiple pathways such as energy metabolism dysfunction， neuroendocrine dysregulation， and myocardial fibrosis. Although current clinical medicine can alleviate symptoms through single-target approaches， significant limitations in reversing cardiac remodeling and disease progression remain. Puerarin， a major bioactive isoflavone constituent derived from Pueraria lobata， exhibits multidimensional pharmacological effects， such as vasodilatory effects， regulation of neuroendocrine balance， enhancement of metabolic homeostasis， and suppression of myocardial apoptosis. This review systematically integrated puerarin's multi-target regulatory network， elucidating its mechanisms such as improving energy metabolism by AMP-activated protein kinase/mechanistic target of rapamycin （AMPK/mTOR） pathway， inhibiting fibrosis mediated by transforming growth factor-β （TGF-β）/Smad signals， and attenuating oxidative-inflammatory cascades by regulating nuclear factor erythroid 2 （E₂）-related factor 2/nuclear transcription factor-κB（Nrf2/NF-κB） axis. Clinical research data was used to validate its efficacy in improving the left ventricular ejection function and reducing the therapeutic potential of cardiovascular events' risks. The study proposed that puerarin's "systemic regulation" characteristic breaks through the limitations of traditional single-target drugs and prospected its clinical translation pathway based on metabolomics and nano-delivery technology， offering an integrative perspective from molecular mechanisms to precise therapy for the research on modernization of traditional Chinese medicine.

Chronic heart failure （CHF） is an end-stage cardiac syndrome driven by multiple factors. Its pathological process involves interactions of multiple pathways such as energy metabolism dysfunction， neuroendocrine dysregulation， and myocardial fibrosis. Although current clinical medicine can alleviate symptoms through single-target approaches， significant limitations in reversing cardiac remodeling and disease progression remain. Puerarin， a major bioactive isoflavone constituent derived from Pueraria lobata， exhibits multidimensional pharmacological effects， such as vasodilatory effects， regulation of neuroendocrine balance， enhancement of metabolic homeostasis， and suppression of myocardial apoptosis. This review systematically integrated puerarin's multi-target regulatory network， elucidating its mechanisms such as improving energy metabolism by AMP-activated protein kinase/mechanistic target of rapamycin （AMPK/mTOR） pathway， inhibiting fibrosis mediated by transforming growth factor-β （TGF-β）/Smad signals， and attenuating oxidative-inflammatory cascades by regulating nuclear factor erythroid 2 （E₂）-related factor 2/nuclear transcription factor-κB（Nrf2/NF-κB） axis. Clinical research data was used to validate its efficacy in improving the left ventricular ejection function and reducing the therapeutic potential of cardiovascular events' risks. The study proposed that puerarin's "systemic regulation" characteristic breaks through the limitations of traditional single-target drugs and prospected its clinical translation pathway based on metabolomics and nano-delivery technology， offering an integrative perspective from molecular mechanisms to precise therapy for the research on modernization of traditional Chinese medicine.

Objective To analyze the technical movement characteristics of female table tennis play-ers with shoulder impingement syndrome when hitting a forehand topspin loop ball,in order to explore the reasons for shoulder impingement syndrome.Methods Thirteen female table tennis athletes with shoulder impingement syndrome were recruited for the shoulder impingement group(age 20.31±2.56 years,height 165.69±4.00 cm,weight 56.62±6.00 kg)and 13 healthy female table tennis athletes(age 21.54±2.78 years,height 165.54±4.45 cm,weight 60.08±8.02 kg)were selected for the healthy group.Kinematic and electromyographic data of the upper limbs were collected during six tri-als of forehand topspin strokes using a three-dimensional motion capture system and a wireless surface electromyographic system.The data were then averaged and compared between the groups.Results The shoulder impingement group had a greater shoulder flexion angular velocity at the end of the forward swing compared to the healthy group(t=-3.689,P=0.001).In addition,the shoulder impingement group showed significantly smaller trunk torsion angular amplitude(t=2.614,P=0.015)and average an-gular velocity of trunk torsion(t=3.958,P=0.001).Furthermore,the peak activation level of the anteri-or serratus muscle was smaller in the shoulder impingement group compared to the healthy group(t=2.363,P=0.027).Finally,the deactivation duration of both the triceps brachii and brachioradialis mus-cles was shorter in the shoulder impingement group compared to the latter(t=3.705,P=0.002;t=3.29,P=0.004).Conclusion Female table tennis players with shoulder impingement syndrome exhibit the fol-lowing characteristics in their forehand topspin:1)insufficient trunk rotation and premature deactiva-tion of the brachioradialis muscle,which lead to excessive loading on the shoulder during flexion;2)inadequate activation of the serratus anterior muscle,resulting in compromised scapular stability;3)premature deactivation of the triceps brachii muscle,which negatively affects the control of eccentric contraction velocity at the shoulder joint.

Patients with periodontal disease often require combined periodontal-orthodontic interventions to restore periodontal health, function, and aesthetics, ensuring both patient satisfaction and long-term stability. Managing these patients involving orthodontic tooth movement can be particularly challenging due to compromised periodontal soft and hard tissues, especially in severe cases. Therefore, close collaboration between orthodontists and periodontists for comprehensive diagnosis and sequential treatment, along with diligent patient compliance throughout the entire process, is crucial for achieving favorable treatment outcomes. Moreover, long-term orthodontic retention and periodontal follow-up are essential to sustain treatment success. This expert consensus, informed by the latest clinical research and practical experience, addresses clinical considerations for orthodontic treatment of periodontal patients, delineating indications, objectives, procedures, and principles with the aim of providing clear and practical guidance for clinical practitioners.
Humans ; Consensus ; Orthodontics, Corrective/standards* ; Periodontal Diseases/complications* ; Tooth Movement Techniques/methods* ; Practice Guidelines as Topic

Cemental tear is a rare and indetectable condition unless obvious clinical signs present with the involvement of surrounding periodontal and periapical tissues. Due to its clinical manifestations similar to common dental issues, such as vertical root fracture, primary endodontic diseases, and periodontal diseases, as well as the low awareness of cemental tear for clinicians, misdiagnosis often occurs. The critical principle for cemental tear treatment is to remove torn fragments, and overlooking fragments leads to futile therapy, which could deteriorate the conditions of the affected teeth. Therefore, accurate diagnosis and subsequent appropriate interventions are vital for managing cemental tear. Novel diagnostic tools, including cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT), microscopes, and enamel matrix derivatives, have improved early detection and management, enhancing tooth retention. The implementation of standardized diagnostic criteria and treatment protocols, combined with improved clinical awareness among dental professionals, serves to mitigate risks of diagnostic errors and suboptimal therapeutic interventions. This expert consensus reviewed the epidemiology, pathogenesis, potential predisposing factors, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of cemental tear, aiming to provide a clinical guideline and facilitate clinicians to have a better understanding of cemental tear.
Humans ; Dental Cementum/injuries* ; Consensus ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Cone-Beam Computed Tomography ; Tooth Fractures/therapy*

BACKGROUND:The sports medicine community has widely called for the use of machine learning technology to efficiently process the huge and complicated sports data resources,and construct intelligent sports injury prediction models,enabling accurate early warning of sports injuries.It is of great significance to comprehensively summarize and review such research results so as to grasp the direction of early warning model improvement and to guide the construction of sports injury prediction models in China. OBJECTIVE:To systematically review and analyze relevant research on sports injury prediction models based on machine learning technology,thereby providing references for the development of sports injury prediction models in China. METHODS:Literature search was conducted on CNKI,Web of Science and EBSCO databases,which mainly searched for literature related to machine learning techniques and sports injuries.Finally,61 articles related to sports injury prediction models were included for analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)In terms of external risk feature indicators,there is a lack of competition scenario indicators,and the inclusion of related feature indicators needs to be further improved to further enrich the dimensions of the dataset for model training.In addition,the inclusion feature weighting methods of the sports injury prediction model are mainly based on filtering methods and the use of embedding and wrapping weighting methods needs to be strengthened in order to enhance the analysis of the interaction effects of multiple risk factors.(2)In terms of model body training,supervised learning algorithms become the mainstream choice.Such algorithms have higher requirements for the completeness of sample labeling information,and the application scenarios are easily limited.Therefore,the application of unsupervised and semi-supervised algorithms can be increased in the later stage.(3)In terms of model performance evaluation and optimization,the current studies mainly adopt two verification methods:HoldOut crossover and k-crossover.The range of AUC values is(0.76±0.12),the range of sensitivity is(75.92±11.03)%,the range of specificity is(0.03±4.54)%,the range of F1 score is(80.60±10.63)%,the range of accuracy is(69.96±13.10)%,and the range of precision is(70±14.71)%.Data augmentation and feature optimization are the most common model optimization operations.The accuracy and precision of the current sports injury prediction model are about 70%,and the early warning effect is good.However,the model optimization operation is relatively single,and data augmentation methods are often used to improve model performance.Further adjustments to the model algorithm and hyperparameters are needed to further improve model performance.(4)In terms of model feature extraction,most of the internal risk profile indicators included are mainly based on anthropometrics,training load,years of training,and injury history,but there is a lack of sports recovery and physical function indicators.

[Objective]To study the clinical features of viral encephalitis with isolated dizziness,and to analyze the diagnostic efficacy of vestibular function examination and cerebrospinal fluid cytology in these patients.[Methods]Totally 37 cases of viral encephalitis with isolated dizziness and 10 healthy volunteers were included.Clinical data[dizziness handicap inventory(DHI)score,head imaging,electroencephalogram,vestibular function test,cerebrospinal fluid routine,biochemistry,cell morphology,etiology second-generation sequencing,misdiagnosis]were collected.The area under the ROC curve(AUC)of diagnostic value of each type of test was analyzed.The changes of each examination before and after treatment were compared.[Results]We found 89.19%(33/37)of the patients were misdiagnosed.Vestibular function smooth follow-up test indicated vestibular central lesion(AUC value:0.82)in 64.86%(24/37)of the patients.The number of CSF transformed lymphocytes increased in 86.49%(32/37)of the patients(AUC value:0.93),the CSF large lymphocytes increased in 97.30%(36/37)of the patients(AUC value:0.99),and the mononucleosis was activated in 94.59%(35/37)of the patients(AUC value:0.97).Furthermore,18.92%(7/37)of the patients had increased EEG slow wave(AUC value:0.60),while 13.51%(5/37)of the patients showed cortical swelling on head MR(AUC:0.60).After antiviral treatment,dizziness grade decreased(Z=-4.899,P<0.001),smooth tracking abnormalities decreased(Z=-4.583,P<0.001),the proportion of CSF transformed lymphocytes decreased(t=4.281,P<0.001),and the proportion of large lymphocytes decreased(t=6.905,P<0.001).[Conclusion]The misdiagnosis rate of viral encephalitis with isolated dizziness is high.Incorporating into diagnosis the increased large lymphocytes,transformed lymphocytes,activated monocytes in CSF cytology with smooth follow-up test may improve diagnostic efficiency.

Objective To analyze the technical movement characteristics of female table tennis play-ers with shoulder impingement syndrome when hitting a forehand topspin loop ball,in order to explore the reasons for shoulder impingement syndrome.Methods Thirteen female table tennis athletes with shoulder impingement syndrome were recruited for the shoulder impingement group(age 20.31±2.56 years,height 165.69±4.00 cm,weight 56.62±6.00 kg)and 13 healthy female table tennis athletes(age 21.54±2.78 years,height 165.54±4.45 cm,weight 60.08±8.02 kg)were selected for the healthy group.Kinematic and electromyographic data of the upper limbs were collected during six tri-als of forehand topspin strokes using a three-dimensional motion capture system and a wireless surface electromyographic system.The data were then averaged and compared between the groups.Results The shoulder impingement group had a greater shoulder flexion angular velocity at the end of the forward swing compared to the healthy group(t=-3.689,P=0.001).In addition,the shoulder impingement group showed significantly smaller trunk torsion angular amplitude(t=2.614,P=0.015)and average an-gular velocity of trunk torsion(t=3.958,P=0.001).Furthermore,the peak activation level of the anteri-or serratus muscle was smaller in the shoulder impingement group compared to the healthy group(t=2.363,P=0.027).Finally,the deactivation duration of both the triceps brachii and brachioradialis mus-cles was shorter in the shoulder impingement group compared to the latter(t=3.705,P=0.002;t=3.29,P=0.004).Conclusion Female table tennis players with shoulder impingement syndrome exhibit the fol-lowing characteristics in their forehand topspin:1)insufficient trunk rotation and premature deactiva-tion of the brachioradialis muscle,which lead to excessive loading on the shoulder during flexion;2)inadequate activation of the serratus anterior muscle,resulting in compromised scapular stability;3)premature deactivation of the triceps brachii muscle,which negatively affects the control of eccentric contraction velocity at the shoulder joint.

Objective To analyze the risk of return to sport in athletes using their gait data following anterior cruciate ligament re-construction(ACLR). Methods From May to June,2023,39 athletes after ACLR were recruited in Wuhan Sports University.Their data on sta-ble gait and tandem gait were recorded using a three-dimensional motion capture system,surface electromyogra-phy and a three-dimensional ergometer table.Additionally,return-to-sport scores were calculated using the K-STARTS test.The relationship between each gait indicator and the total score of the K-STARTS test was ana-lyzed with Pearson correlation analysis.Furthermore,the key indicators related to the risk of return to sport were analyzed using linear regression. Results In the stable gait test,the step time was negatively correlated with the total score of K-STARTS(r=-0.479,P=0.002),and the peak amplitude symmetry index of rectus femoris(r=0.448,P=0.004)and vastus lateralis(r=0.595,P=0.001)were positively correlated with the total score of K-STARTS.In the tandem gait test,the lateral displacement distance of the center of gravity was negatively correlated with the total score of K-STARTS(r=-0.341,P=0.034),and the time symmetry index of peak amplitude of vastus lateralis was positively correlated with the total score of K-STARTS(r=0.320,P=0.047).Regression analysis showed that the interpretation of the model based on stable gait(F=15.818,P=0.001,R2=0.650)was better than that based on tandem gait(F=7.692,P=0.001,R2=0.397). Conclusion In stable gait,gait rhythm variability and symmetry are correlated with return to sport risk.In tandem gait,gait balance and symmetry indexes are correlated with return-to-sport risk.Compared with tandem gait,the inter-pretation of return-to-sport risk assessment model based on stable gait information is better,and may be more suitable as a simple return-to-sport risk test method.

Objective To determine the seasonal fluctuation and population distribution of Aedes albopictus in Jiading District， and provide scientific evidence for the prevention and control of dengue fever and other Aedes-borne diseases. Methods In 2020， the mosq-ovitrap method and mosq-ovitrap index （MOI） were used to monitor and evaluate the density of Aedes albopictus in Jiading District. Spatial and temporal distribution of Aedes albopictus was determined. Chi-square test was used for statistical analysis. Results In 2020， the annual average MOI was determined to be 4.10， which was under safety threshold. The seasonal fluctuations showed a unimodal distribution， which peaked in July. The fluctuation trend in urban area was similar to the overall trend， while that in the non-urban area showed a bimodal distribution with peaks in June and August. The density of Aedes albopictus at different monitoring sites varied widely，with the highest MOI （6.64） at Anting town and the lowest MOI （2.09） at Huating town. The distribution of Aedes albopictus in different habitats also varied widely； the highest density was observed in environments as waste collection stations and construction sites， with the highest MOI 33.33 in waste collection stations in peak season. The MOI value of Aedes albopictus in residential areas was significantly higher than that in non-residential areas （χ² = 6.082， P = 0.014）. Conclusion Aedes albopictus is quite common in Jiading District. In certain areas， Aedes density may exceed the safety threshold from May to September. More targeted mosquito control measures should be implemented in waste collection stations， construction sites and residential areas.