BACKGROUND:The sports medicine community has widely called for the use of machine learning technology to efficiently process the huge and complicated sports data resources,and construct intelligent sports injury prediction models,enabling accurate early warning of sports injuries.It is of great significance to comprehensively summarize and review such research results so as to grasp the direction of early warning model improvement and to guide the construction of sports injury prediction models in China. OBJECTIVE:To systematically review and analyze relevant research on sports injury prediction models based on machine learning technology,thereby providing references for the development of sports injury prediction models in China. METHODS:Literature search was conducted on CNKI,Web of Science and EBSCO databases,which mainly searched for literature related to machine learning techniques and sports injuries.Finally,61 articles related to sports injury prediction models were included for analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)In terms of external risk feature indicators,there is a lack of competition scenario indicators,and the inclusion of related feature indicators needs to be further improved to further enrich the dimensions of the dataset for model training.In addition,the inclusion feature weighting methods of the sports injury prediction model are mainly based on filtering methods and the use of embedding and wrapping weighting methods needs to be strengthened in order to enhance the analysis of the interaction effects of multiple risk factors.(2)In terms of model body training,supervised learning algorithms become the mainstream choice.Such algorithms have higher requirements for the completeness of sample labeling information,and the application scenarios are easily limited.Therefore,the application of unsupervised and semi-supervised algorithms can be increased in the later stage.(3)In terms of model performance evaluation and optimization,the current studies mainly adopt two verification methods:HoldOut crossover and k-crossover.The range of AUC values is(0.76±0.12),the range of sensitivity is(75.92±11.03)%,the range of specificity is(0.03±4.54)%,the range of F1 score is(80.60±10.63)%,the range of accuracy is(69.96±13.10)%,and the range of precision is(70±14.71)%.Data augmentation and feature optimization are the most common model optimization operations.The accuracy and precision of the current sports injury prediction model are about 70%,and the early warning effect is good.However,the model optimization operation is relatively single,and data augmentation methods are often used to improve model performance.Further adjustments to the model algorithm and hyperparameters are needed to further improve model performance.(4)In terms of model feature extraction,most of the internal risk profile indicators included are mainly based on anthropometrics,training load,years of training,and injury history,but there is a lack of sports recovery and physical function indicators.

ObjectiveTo study the clinical features of viral encephalitis with isolated dizziness，and to analyze the diagnostic efficacy of vestibular function examination and cerebrospinal fluid cytology in these patients. MethodsTotally 37 cases of viral encephalitis with isolated dizziness and 10 healthy volunteers were included. Clinical data ［dizziness handicap inventory （DHI） score，head imaging，electroencephalogram，vestibular function test，cerebrospinal fluid routine，biochemistry，cell morphology，etiology second-generation sequencing，misdiagnosis］ were collected. The area under the ROC curve（AUC）of diagnostic value of each type of test was analyzed. The changes of each examination before and after treatment were compared. ResultsWe found 89.19%（33/37）of the patients were misdiagnosed. Vestibular function smooth follow-up test indicated vestibular central lesion （AUC value：0.82）in 64.86%（24/37）of the patients. The number of CSF transformed lymphocytes increased in 86.49%（32/37）of the patients（AUC value：0.93），the CSF large lymphocytes increased in 97.30% （36/37）of the patients （AUC value：0.99），and the mononucleosis was activated in 94.59%（35/37）of the patients（AUC value：0.97）. Furthermore，18.92%（7/37）of the patients had increased EEG slow wave（AUC value：0.60），while 13.51%（5/37） of the patients showed cortical swelling on head MR （AUC：0.60）. After antiviral treatment，dizziness grade decreased（Z=-4.899，P<0.001），smooth tracking abnormalities decreased（Z=-4.583，P<0.001），the proportion of CSF transformed lymphocytes decreased（t=4.281，P<0.001），and the proportion of large lymphocytes decreased（t=6.905，P<0.001）. ConclusionThe misdiagnosis rate of viral encephalitis with isolated dizziness is high. Incorporating into diagnosis the increased large lymphocytes， transformed lymphocytes，activated monocytes in CSF cytology with smooth follow-up test may improve diagnostic efficiency .

Patients with periodontal disease often require combined periodontal-orthodontic interventions to restore periodontal health, function, and aesthetics, ensuring both patient satisfaction and long-term stability. Managing these patients involving orthodontic tooth movement can be particularly challenging due to compromised periodontal soft and hard tissues, especially in severe cases. Therefore, close collaboration between orthodontists and periodontists for comprehensive diagnosis and sequential treatment, along with diligent patient compliance throughout the entire process, is crucial for achieving favorable treatment outcomes. Moreover, long-term orthodontic retention and periodontal follow-up are essential to sustain treatment success. This expert consensus, informed by the latest clinical research and practical experience, addresses clinical considerations for orthodontic treatment of periodontal patients, delineating indications, objectives, procedures, and principles with the aim of providing clear and practical guidance for clinical practitioners.
Humans ; Consensus ; Orthodontics, Corrective/standards* ; Periodontal Diseases/complications* ; Tooth Movement Techniques/methods* ; Practice Guidelines as Topic

Cemental tear is a rare and indetectable condition unless obvious clinical signs present with the involvement of surrounding periodontal and periapical tissues. Due to its clinical manifestations similar to common dental issues, such as vertical root fracture, primary endodontic diseases, and periodontal diseases, as well as the low awareness of cemental tear for clinicians, misdiagnosis often occurs. The critical principle for cemental tear treatment is to remove torn fragments, and overlooking fragments leads to futile therapy, which could deteriorate the conditions of the affected teeth. Therefore, accurate diagnosis and subsequent appropriate interventions are vital for managing cemental tear. Novel diagnostic tools, including cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT), microscopes, and enamel matrix derivatives, have improved early detection and management, enhancing tooth retention. The implementation of standardized diagnostic criteria and treatment protocols, combined with improved clinical awareness among dental professionals, serves to mitigate risks of diagnostic errors and suboptimal therapeutic interventions. This expert consensus reviewed the epidemiology, pathogenesis, potential predisposing factors, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of cemental tear, aiming to provide a clinical guideline and facilitate clinicians to have a better understanding of cemental tear.
Humans ; Dental Cementum/injuries* ; Consensus ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Cone-Beam Computed Tomography ; Tooth Fractures/therapy*

Objective To analyze the risk of return to sport in athletes using their gait data following anterior cruciate ligament re-construction(ACLR). Methods From May to June,2023,39 athletes after ACLR were recruited in Wuhan Sports University.Their data on sta-ble gait and tandem gait were recorded using a three-dimensional motion capture system,surface electromyogra-phy and a three-dimensional ergometer table.Additionally,return-to-sport scores were calculated using the K-STARTS test.The relationship between each gait indicator and the total score of the K-STARTS test was ana-lyzed with Pearson correlation analysis.Furthermore,the key indicators related to the risk of return to sport were analyzed using linear regression. Results In the stable gait test,the step time was negatively correlated with the total score of K-STARTS(r=-0.479,P=0.002),and the peak amplitude symmetry index of rectus femoris(r=0.448,P=0.004)and vastus lateralis(r=0.595,P=0.001)were positively correlated with the total score of K-STARTS.In the tandem gait test,the lateral displacement distance of the center of gravity was negatively correlated with the total score of K-STARTS(r=-0.341,P=0.034),and the time symmetry index of peak amplitude of vastus lateralis was positively correlated with the total score of K-STARTS(r=0.320,P=0.047).Regression analysis showed that the interpretation of the model based on stable gait(F=15.818,P=0.001,R2=0.650)was better than that based on tandem gait(F=7.692,P=0.001,R2=0.397). Conclusion In stable gait,gait rhythm variability and symmetry are correlated with return to sport risk.In tandem gait,gait balance and symmetry indexes are correlated with return-to-sport risk.Compared with tandem gait,the inter-pretation of return-to-sport risk assessment model based on stable gait information is better,and may be more suitable as a simple return-to-sport risk test method.

Objective To determine the seasonal fluctuation and population distribution of Aedes albopictus in Jiading District， and provide scientific evidence for the prevention and control of dengue fever and other Aedes-borne diseases. Methods In 2020， the mosq-ovitrap method and mosq-ovitrap index （MOI） were used to monitor and evaluate the density of Aedes albopictus in Jiading District. Spatial and temporal distribution of Aedes albopictus was determined. Chi-square test was used for statistical analysis. Results In 2020， the annual average MOI was determined to be 4.10， which was under safety threshold. The seasonal fluctuations showed a unimodal distribution， which peaked in July. The fluctuation trend in urban area was similar to the overall trend， while that in the non-urban area showed a bimodal distribution with peaks in June and August. The density of Aedes albopictus at different monitoring sites varied widely，with the highest MOI （6.64） at Anting town and the lowest MOI （2.09） at Huating town. The distribution of Aedes albopictus in different habitats also varied widely； the highest density was observed in environments as waste collection stations and construction sites， with the highest MOI 33.33 in waste collection stations in peak season. The MOI value of Aedes albopictus in residential areas was significantly higher than that in non-residential areas （χ² = 6.082， P = 0.014）. Conclusion Aedes albopictus is quite common in Jiading District. In certain areas， Aedes density may exceed the safety threshold from May to September. More targeted mosquito control measures should be implemented in waste collection stations， construction sites and residential areas.

Objective:To explore the relationship between rumination and depression and suicide attempts, and the mediating effect of rumination between depression and suicide attempts in adolescents with depressive disorder.Methods:Clinical interviews and questionnaires were conducted on 331 adolescents aged 11-18 with depressive disorders.Depressive symptoms were assessed with patient health questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Rumination was assessed with ruminative responses scale-10 (RRS-10), and Chinese version of the sociality module of MINI5.0 was used to assess suicide.SPSS 23.0 software was applied to descriptive statistics, Chi-square test, t-test, Spearman correlation analysis and hierarchical regression analysis, and the SPSS macro program PROCESS V 3.4 was used for Bootstrap mediating effect. Results:The incidence of suicide attempts in adolescents with depressive disorder was 53.78%, which was significantly higher in girls (59.48%) than that in boys (40.40%), and the difference was significant ( χ2=10.16, P<0.01). In contrast to the non-suicide attempt group, suicide attempt group had higher scores on PHQ-9((11.08±9.26) vs (14.43±7.49), t=-3.634, P<0.01), brooding ((10.76±3.89) vs (12.44±3.87), t=-3.926, P<0.01), reflection ((10.05±3.54) vs (11.20±3.33), t=-3.044, P<0.01) and rumination total score ((20.81±6.78) vs (23.64±6.42), t=-3.898, P<0.01). Regression analysis revealed that girl ( β=0.175, t=3.228, P=0.001), depressive symptoms ( β=0.168, t=3.082, P=0.002), rumination ( β=0.138, t=2.364, P=0.019) were risk factors for suicide attempts.Rumination played a complete mediating effect between depressive symptoms and suicide attempts (effect value=0.013, 95% CI=0.003-0.027). Depression symptoms significantly and positively predicted rumination ( P<0.01), and rumination significantly and positively predicted suicide attempts ( P<0.05). Conclusion:The incidence of suicide attempts was high in adolescents with depressive disorders.Depressive symptoms affect suicide attempts mainly through rumination.Clinicians should assess the rumination of adolescents with depressive disorders.In addition, clinicians should implement concurrent psychotherapy to adjust the cognitive response and reduce rumination, in order to improve the mental health and reduce suicide attempts.

Objective:To analyze the incidence of malignant tumors and its risk factors in patients on maintenance hemodialysis.Methods:Clinical data of 627 hemodialysis patients in Huadu District People′s Hospital of Guangzhou who met the inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria from January 2015 to December 2020 were retrospectively collected. Clinical characteristic of patients with malignant tumors was summarized. Multivariate logistics regression analysis was performed to explore the related factors of malignant tumors.Results:Among the 627 patients, 19(3.03%) developed malignant tumors. There were 14 males and 5 females with a mean age of (65.7±13.7)years. Their mean dialysis duration was (45.16±38.18)months. Gastrointestinal tumor was the most common tumor type (9/19). Univariate analysis showed that the age of the patients combined with malignant tumors was significantly higher, and the serum prealbumin was significantly lower than those patients without malignant tumors (all P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that age was the independent risk factor of developing cancers after adjusting dialysis age, hemoglobin, albumin and parathyroid hormone ( P<0.05). Conclusions:The incidence of malignant tumor is significantly higher in maintenance hemodialysis patients than that in the general population. Age is the risk independent risk factor. Therefore, we should strengthen the monitoring of elderly hemodialysis patients, discover the disease in time, and take measures to improve the prognosis.

Objective To explore the clinical features of critical cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Methods The clinical data of nine patients who were diagnosed with critical COVID-19 in Hainan General Hospital from January 21, 2020 to February 6, 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. RT-PCR testing for 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) was performed with multi-sites synchronize specimens including pharyngeal swab, blood, excrement, and urine. The serum levels of leucocyte, C-reactive protein, procalcitonin and lactic acid between the improved group (five cases) and the deteriorated group (four cases) were compared. The t test was used for comparison of normally distributed continuous data between groups. Results There were eight males (88.9%) and 1 female enrolled. The patients aged 28-77 years old, with an age of (52.9±18.0) years. By March 4, 2020, all five cases in improved group were cured and discharged, three cases in deteriorated group died and 1case remained in critical condition. All multi-sites specimens of patients in improved group turned negative in 2-4 weeks of illness onset, while those of cases in deteriorated group showed sustained viral nucleic acid positive (up to 48th day of illness onset). The white blood cell counts ((13.52±8.24)×10 9 /L vs (10.49±4.46) ×10 9 /L), C-reactive protein ((139.71±87.46) mg/L vs (78.60±55.40) mg/L) and procalcitonin ((2.32±4.03) ng/mL vs (0.28±0.58) ng/mL) , lactic acid ((3.70±4.14) mmol/L vs (2.33±0.53) mmol/L) in deteriorated group were all significantly higher than those in improved group ( t =2.908, 5.009, 4.391 and 2.942, respectively, all P <0.01). A rapid rise of serum IL-6 level up to 8 500 pg/mL was observed in one patient three days prior to death. Conclusion Among the patients with critical COVID-19, serum levels of inflammatory cytokines of the death cases are higher than those of improved and discharged cases.

BACKGROUND:Due to anisotropic CT volume data, triangular meshes extracted from bone CT images often contain staircase surface, which wil affect the subsequent medical diagnosis. OBJECTIVE:To reconstruct patient-specific bone model based on digital geometry processing technique. METHODS:Firstly, registration was performed in image registration algorithm based on mutual information for bone CT slices, and then contours were extracted by image segmentation and a stack of contours were converted into point clouds. The normals of point clouds were estimated based on Gaussian weighted principal component analysis and the noise from point clouds was removed by trilateral filtering. Final y, bone triangular meshes were constructed by adaptive spherical cover. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:In this paper, the proposed method could generate smoothing bone surface meshes, triangular mesh shape which was formed by the rules and adaptive distribution, for finite element analysis, computer aided manufacturing and three-dimensional printing to provide accurate three-dimensional models.