OBJECTIVE: To observe the expression of GABA receptor mRNA in different brain regions of the central nervous system in chronic inflammatory pain rats and the intervention effect of electroacupuncture (EA). METHODS: A total of 48 SPF male SD rats were randomly divided into a blank control group, a model control group, an EA group and a sham EA group, 12 rats in each group. The model of chronic inflammatory pain was established by injecting Freund's complete adjuvant into the foot. The EA group was treated with EA 28 days after the model establishment. The "Housanli" (ST 36) and "Kunlun" (BL 60) were selected and treated with dilatational wave, 2 Hz/100 Hz in frequency, 0.5-1.5 mA for 30 min; EA was given only once. In the sham EA group, the same acupoints were selected but the needles were only inserted into subcutaneous area; EA was connected for 30 min without electrical stimulation. The behavior changes of mechanical pain threshold and thermal pain threshold before model establishment, 1 day, 3 days, 7 days, 14 days, 21 days and 28 days after the model establishment as well as emotional behavior 29 days after the model establishment were observed; the relative expressions of GABA receptor mRNA in anterior cingulate cortex, amygdala and hypothalamus were observed. RESULTS: Compared with the blank control group, the change rates of mechanical pain threshold and thermal pain threshold in the model control group were decreased significantly 1 day, 3 days, 7 days, 14 days, 21 days, 28 days after model establishment (<0.01); 29 days after model establishment, the movement distance and staying time in the central area of open field test in the model control group were decreased significantly (<0.05). After EA intervention, compared with the model control group and the sham EA group, the change rates of mechanical pain threshold and thermal pain threshold, as well as the movement distance and the staying time of central area were significantly increased in the EA group (<0.01, <0.05). Twenty-nine days after model establishment, the expression of GABA receptor mRNA in anterior cingulate cortex and hypothalamus was not significantly different among all groups (>0.05). Compared with the blank control group, the expression of GABA receptor mRNA in the amygdala was decreased significantly in the model control group (<0.01); compared with the model control group and the sham EA group, the expression of GABA receptor mRNA in amygdala was increased after intervention in the EA group (<0.01). CONCLUSION Single treatment of EA could significantly increase the mechanical pain threshold and thermal pain threshold, improve abnormal emotional behavior in rats with chronic inflammatory pain, which may be related to the increasing of expression of GABA receptor mRNA in the amygdala.

Adult ; China ; Cognitive Dysfunction ; genetics ; Electric Power Supplies ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Occupational Exposure ; adverse effects ; Power Plants ; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate ; genetics ; metabolism ; Receptors, Serotonin ; genetics ; metabolism ; Young Adult

Objective: To investigate the effect of Liuwei Dihuangwan on connexin 32 (Cx32) in hepatoma cell line CBRH7919 and its gap junction intercellular communication (GJIC), and furthermore study its mechanism of enhancing the bystander killing effect of suicide gene therapy. Method: Liuwei Dihuangwan (32 g·kg·d^-1) and the same volume of normal saline were given to the rats by intragastrical administration. Blood was taken to prepare the medicated serum of Liuwei Dihuangwan and blank control serum, respectively. The hepatoma cell line CBRH7919 were treated by control serum and medicated serum of Liuwei Dihuangwan in different concentrations. There were four groups in experiment:the blank control group (volume fraction of 10%), medicated serum high dose group of Liuwei Dihuangwan (the volume fraction of 10%), medicated serum middle dose group of Liuwei Dihuangwan (the volume fraction of 5%), and medicated serum low dose group of Liuwei Dihuangwan (the volume fraction of 2.5%). The expression levels of Cx32 protein and mRNA in hepatoma cell line CBRH7919 were detected by indirect immunofluorescence assay (ⅡA) and Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (Real-time PCR) assay. The fluorescence redistribution after photobleaching (FRAP) method was used to detect the function of GJIC of hepatoma cell line CBRH7919. Result: ① The indirect immunofluorescence assay (ⅡA) analysis indicated that as compared with the blank control group, the cx32 expression of CBRH7919 cells was up-regulated in a concentration-dependent manner in each dose group of the serum containing Liuwei Dihuangwan (P<0.05 in low dosage group; P<0.01 in middle dosage and high dosage group), especially on cell membrane.② The results of Real-time PCR assay indicated that as compared with the blank control group, the expression of Cx32 mRNA was increased in each dose group (P<0.05 in low dose group, P<0.01 in middle and high dose group) in a dose-effect relationship. ③ The result of fluorescence redistribution after photobleaching (FRAP) analysis indicated that the average fluorescence recovery rates of drug groups were significantly higher than that in blank control group, and also showed a certain concentration-dependent trend. Conclusion: The mechanism of medicated serum of Liuwei Dihuangwan in enhancing the bystander killing effect of suicide geneis related to gap junction. Liuwei Dihuangwan may enhance the function of GJIC by increasing the localization of cx32 on the cell membrane of CBRH7919 cells and increasing the expression of cx32 mRNA and protein to achieve the synergistic action.

BACKGROUND: Elastic intramedullary nail is commonly used in the treatment of fractures of children, but few studies concern the elastic intramedullary nail for treating fractures in adults. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the repair effect of elastic intramedullary nail in the treatment of 22-A fracture in forearm of adults. METHODS: From January 2015 to April 2016, a total of 21 adult patients with the 22-A fracture (35 fractures) were treated with manipulative reduction and elastic intramedullary nail fixation in the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine. The follow-up time was 12-18 months. Radiographs were taken and the guidance of the limb function training was given at regular intervals. The Andserson scoring system was used to evaluate the patients' forearm limb function. Fracture healing, elbow, wrist joint activity and forearm rotation were recorded. The satisfactory questionnaires were recorded. The patients were divided into three grades as satisfaction, general satisfaction and dissatisfaction; simultaneously, reasons were recorded. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The Andserson scoring was satisfactory in 16 cases accounted for 76%, general satisfaction in 3 cases accounted for 14%, dissatisfaction in 2 cases accounted for 10%. (2) Wrist joint activity increased from (172±4)° before the operation to (181±3)° at the end of the follow-up. Elbow joint activity increased from (102±18)° before the operation to (124±13)° at the end of the follow-up. Forearm rotation activity increased from (84±11)° before the operation to (155±13)° at the end of the follow-up (P < 0.05). (3) In the follow-up of the 21 patients, 13 patients were satisfied with the result of surgery; 5 patients were generally satisfied; 2 patients were dissatisfied because the limited limb functions; and 1 patient was dissatisfied because of the nail irritability; the dissatisfaction rate accounted for 14%. (4) Elastic intramedullary nail can obtain affirmative effect in the treatment of adult 22-A fracture of the forearm; and clinical application should be based on the type of fracture.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the effect and safety of Kuanxiong Aerosol (, KA) on patients with angina pectoris.

METHODSBlock randomization was performed to randomly allocate 750 patients into KA (376 cases) and control groups (374 cases). During an angina attack, the KA group received 3 consecutive sublingual sprays of KA (0.6 mL per spray). The control group received 1 sublingual nitroglycerin tablet (NT, 0.5 mg/tablet). Log-rank tests and Kaplan-Meier estimations were used to estimate the angina remission rates at 6 time-points after treatment (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and >5 min). Logistic regression analysis was performed to observe the factors inflfluencing the rate of effective angina remission, and the remission rates and incidences of adverse reactions were compared for different Canadian Cardiovascular Society (CCS) classes of angina.

RESULTSThe 5-min remission rates in the KA and control groups were not signifificantly different (94.41% vs. 90.64%, P>0.05). The angina CCS class signifificantly inflfluenced the rate of remission (95% confidence interval = 0.483-0.740, P<0.01). In the CCS subgroup analysis, the 3-and 5-min remission rates for KA and NT were similar in the CCSII and III subgroups (P>0.05), while they were signifificantly better for KA in the CCSI and II subgroups (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Furthermore, the incidence of adverse reactions was signifificantly lower in the KA group than in the control group for the CCSII and III subgroups (9.29% vs. 26.22%, 10.13% vs. 20.88%, P<0.05 or P<0.01).

CONCLUSIONSKA is not inferior to NT in the remission of angina. Furthermore, in CCSII and III patients, KA is superior to NT, with a lower incidence of adverse reactions. (Registration No. ChiCTRIPR-15007204).

Aerosols ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Angina Pectoris ; drug therapy ; Case-Control Studies ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Kaplan-Meier Estimate ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Remission Induction ; Treatment Outcome

Periplaneta americana is an important medicinal insect. A series of new drugs developed from it have remarkable clinical effects and are in great demand in the market. Because of unclear biology, the quality and yield of P. americana are affected. Understanding the developmental threshold temperature and effective accumulated temperature of P. americana can provide theoretical basis for standardized culture of P.americana. Under climate chamber, the threshold temperature and effective accumulated temperature for egg development of P. americana to were determined through effective accumulated temperature law. The threshold temperature was （15.8±0.71）°C, the effective accumulated temperature was 415.8±38.05 degree days. A model of the relationship between temperature and developmental rates was established.
Animals ; Ovum ; physiology ; Periplaneta ; physiology ; Temperature

Objective To explore the short-term results of arthroscopic medial retinaculum placation (MRP) and lateral retinaculum release (LRR) in treatment of patients with traumatic patellar dislocation. Methods 17 cases (6 male, 11 female) with traumatic patellar instability from March 2012 to December 2015, with an average age of 16.8 years old (range from 14 to 37 years old). All of the patients had a clear history of trauma and experienced patellar dislocation for the first time, the patients experienced patellar dislocation 1 to 4 times preoperatively. The arthroscopic examination was undertaken before the repairing to observe the injured site of the medial retinaculum and the patellar track, as well as the dynamic patellofemoral congruence. All patients underwent arthroscopic MRP and LRR minimally invasive procedure. Results All patients were followed up for 9 to 28 months averaging (19.7 ± 1.3) months. The fear test was negative after operation. There was no redislocation during follow-up and their ranges of motion returned to normal. Postoperative CT images showed 15 cases regained normal anatomical relation of patellofemoral joint. 2 cases had mild semi-dislocation. Lysholm's score averaging (51.8 ± 4.5) points preoperatively and (92.4 ± 2.8) points postoperatively. According to Insall scale, the results were excellent in 11 knees, good in 5 knees, and fair in 1 knee at 1 year after operation with an excellent and good rate of 94.1％. Conclusions Arthroscopic MRP and LRR showed satisfactory results with limited morbidity in the short-term follow-up. This method can make the patients smaller wound,quicker recovered and lower recurrence rate.

Reports of BRCA2 genetic mutations on the prognosis of familial breast cancer (BC) patients have been contradictory. True difference in survival, if it exists, would have important implications for genetic counseling and in treatment of hereditary BC. The purpose of this study was to compare overall survival rate (OSR) among BRCA2 mutation carriers, non-carriers and sporadic BC patients. We searched the PUBMED and EMBASE databases and retrieved 4529 articles using keywords that included breast cancer, BRCA, prognosis and survival. Nine articles were selected for systematic review and among them 6 were included in our meta-analysis. We used the fixed and random effect models to calculate the summary odds ratio (OR) and corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI). BRCA2 mutation carriers had significantly higher long-term OSR than non-carriers (OR=0.69 [95% CI=0.5-0.95]), while both short-term and long-term OSR of BRCA2 mutation carriers did not differ from those of patients with sporadic disease (OR=1.11 [95% CI=0.74-1.65]; 0.85 [95% CI=0.38-1.94], respectively). For BC-specific survival rate (BCSSR), BRCA2 mutation carriers had a similar BCSSR to the non-carriers (OR=0.61 [95% CI=0.28-1.34]). There was no significant difference in disease-free survival (DFS) between BRCA2 mutation carriers and patients with sporadic disease. Our results suggest that BRCA2 mutation increases long-term OSR in hereditary BC, which reminds us a new prospect of management of the disease.
BRCA2 Protein ; genetics ; Breast Neoplasms ; genetics ; mortality ; pathology ; Female ; Gene Expression ; Genetic Counseling ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Humans ; Mutation ; Odds Ratio ; Prognosis ; Survival Analysis

OBJECTIVETo investigate the clinical characteristics and surgical treatment of penile Paget's disease.

METHODSWe retrospectively analyzed the treatment and follow-up data of 10 cases of penile Paget's disease surgically treated in Jiangsu Provincial Government Hospital and Jiangsu Provincial People's Hospital from 2008 to 2012.

RESULTSAll the 10 patients received expanded local resection of the lesion with reconstruction of the defects with scrotal skin flaps or free skin flaps from the thigh. All surgeries were successful and the postoperative course was uneventful with complete graft survival and no lymph node metastasis. IIEF scores obtained before and 1 -2 months after surgery showed no statistically significant differences in the penile erectile function (P = 0.229), sexual orgasm (P = 0.761), and sexual satisfaction (P = 0.801) of the patients.

CONCLUSIONWhen penile skin lesions suggest the possibility of Paget's disease, biopsy should be performed and surgery should follow as soon as possible. The ideal surgical option is expanded local resection of the lesion with reconstruction of the defects with scrotal skin flaps or free flaps according to the patient's specific conditions.

Adult ; Aged ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Paget Disease, Extramammary ; surgery ; Penile Neoplasms ; surgery ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome