OBJECTIVE: To explore the clinical application of transurethral steam thermal ablation of the prostate as an ultra-minimally invasive treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). METHODS: We treated 18 BPH patients by transurethral steam thermal ablation of the prostate in our hospital, and followed them up for 6－12 months after operation. We obtained the IPSS, maximum urinary flow rate (Qmax), IIEF-5 scores, Male Sexual Health Questionnaire-Ejaculatory Dysfunction-Short Form (MSHQ-EjD-SF) scores and quality of life (QOL) scores from the patients and compared them before and after surgery. RESULTS: Operations were successfully completed in all the cases, with no intraoperative complications, and all the patients were discharged on the second day after surgery. At the 6-month follow-up after surgery, the Qmax increased from (10.08 ± 2.06) ml/s before surgery to (7.51 ± 3.21) ml/s, the IPSS decreased from 23.72 ± 1.87 to 8.06 ± 1.39, and the QOL score decreased from 5.11 ± 0.58 before surgery to 1.28 ± 0.46. The differences in these indicators were statistically significant (P<0.05). And these is no significant difference in the MSHQ-EjD-SF and IIEF-5 score(P>0.05). CONCLUSION Transurethral steam thermal ablation of the prostate is a safe, effective and almost non-invasive surgical strategy for the treatment of BPH, with a good prospect of clinical application.
Humans ; Male ; Prostatic Hyperplasia/surgery* ; Aged ; Middle Aged ; Treatment Outcome ; Steam ; Transurethral Resection of Prostate/methods* ; Quality of Life

Objective To measure the distance between the lateral compression Ⅱ(LC-Ⅱ)screw guide needle and the surrounding important structures around the anterior inferior iliac spine in pelvic fractures and to locate the needle point,so as to provide anatomical reference for clinical nail placement.Methods Totally 40 adult gross specimens of embalming were implanted with LC-Ⅱ screw guide needle under the surveillance of C-arm machine,and the specimens were dissected.The shortest distance between the insertion point and the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve,femoral nerve,femoral artery,femoral vein,anterior superior iliac spine and inguinal ligament was measured.The triangle was constructed between the insertion point,anterior superior iliac spine and inguinal ligament,and the exact location of the entry point was calculated.Results The average distance between the insertion point of the male needle and the femoral vein was(50.67±7.29)mm＞the anterior superior iliac spine(43.83±7.58)mm＞the femoral artery(38.35±6.63)mm＞the femoral nerve(31.17±1.67)mm=the inguinal ligament(28.69±6.59)mm＞the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve(7.98±3.81)mm.The mean distance between the insertion point of the female needle and the anterior superior iliac spine was(45.28±7.07)mm=femoral vein(43.72±6.89)mm＞femoral artery(33.76±6.33)mm＞femoral nerve(25.66±6.46)mm=inguinal ligament(23.22±5.00)mm＞lateral femoral cutaneous nerve(8.97±4.76)mm.The projection distance of the entry point was 31.77 mm for men and 38.41 mm for women.The Angle b was 42.81°for men and 31.71° for women.Conclusion The lateral femoral cutaneous nerve is most vulnerable to injury when LC-Ⅱ screw is inserted,and the risk of injury has nothing to do with sex.The insertion point positioning method a and b made LC-Ⅱ screw placement quickly,safely and accurately,and reduced fluoroscopy time and frequency.

The basic structure and principle of the reverse osmosis water treatment system were described briefly.Three common faults of the system were explored in terms of cause and solution.References were provided for medical engineers to treat similar faults.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2024,45(5):118-120]

OBJECTIVE To compare the effectiveness，safety and economy of bovine pulmonary surfactant （PS） and porcine PS in the treatment of preterm neonates with respiratory distress syndrome （RDS）. METHODS Retrieved from PubMed，Embase， Cochrane Library，CNKI，SinoMed，Wanfang and health technology assessment （HTA） organization websites and relevant database， HTA report，systematic review/meta-analysis and pharmacoeconomic study about bovine PS versus porcine PS in the treatment of preterm neonates with RDS were included from the inception to Feb 2022. Data extraction and quality evaluation were carried out for the included literature，and then research results were summarized and analyzed descriptively. RESULTS A total of 1 HTA report，6 systematic reviews/meta-analyses，and 6 pharmacoeconomic studies were included. There appeared to be no significant differences between bovine PS and porcine PS in terms of time staying in neonatal intensive care unit and extra-pulmonary outcomes. In terms of PS re-treatment，blood gas index，total effective rate and the incidence of patent ductus arteriosus，porcine PS was superior to bovine PS. Results from other indicators，such as mortality， the incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia，air leakage syndrome，pulmonary hemorrhage，were still controversial. In terms of economy，there was no statistical difference in average hospital charges and administration cost per dose between two groups （P＞0.05）； compared with porcine PS，mean wastage cost per dose of bovine PS was higher （P＜0.001），and 24 h treatment cost of bovine PS was lower （P＜0.05）； the results of average medication cost were controversial. CONCLUSIONS The effectiveness， safety and economy of bovine PS are found to be similar or inferior to porcine PS. It is not certain whether the inferiority has clinical significance.

Objective: To investigate the clinical strategy and effect of soft tissue reconstruction after sacral tumor resection in different planes. Methods: The data of 27 consecutive patients who underwent primary or secondary sacral tumor resection and soft tissue reconstruction from June 2012 to June 2021 at Dongnan Hospital of Xiamen University (the 909th Hospital) were retrospectively analyzed. There were 11 males and 16 females, aged (M(IQR)) (46.2±23.6) years (range: 16 to 72 years). Sacrospinous muscle, gluteus maximus and vertical rectus abdominis muscle flap were selected for soft tissue reconstruction according to the tumor site and the size of tissue defect. the postoperative follow-up was performed. The operative methods, intraoperative conditions, complications and disease outcomes were summarized. Results: Among the 27 patients with sacral tumor, the tumor plane was located in S₁ in 8 cases, S₂ in 5 cases and S₃ or below in 14 cases. There were 12 patients with tumor volume≤400 cm³ and 15 patients with tumor volume>400 cm³. Operation time was 100(90) minutes (range: 70 to 610 minutes), intraoperative blood loss was 800(1 600) ml (range: 400 to 6 500 ml). Soft tissue reconstruction was performed by transabdominal rectus abdominis transfer repair in 2 cases, extraperitoneal rectus abdominis transfer repair in 1 case, gluteus maximus transfer repair in 5 cases, gluteus maximus advancement repair in 13 cases, and sacrospinous muscle transfer repair in 6 cases. Postoperative complications occurred in 6 cases, including 1 case of incision infection, 4 cases of skin border necrosis, and 1 case of delayed infection due to fracture of internal fixator 3 years after operation, all of them were cured. The follow-up time was (35±21) months. Among the patients, 6 patients had recurrence, 2 patients with Ewing sarcoma died of lung metastasis 1 year after operation, 4 patients with metastatic cancer died of primary disease, and the remaining patients survived without disease. Conclusion: Choosing different soft tissue reconstruction strategies according to sacral tumor location and tissue defect size can effectively fill the dead space after sacral tumor resection, reduce postoperative complications and improve the prognosis of patients.
Humans ; Retrospective Studies ; Postoperative Complications ; Neoplasms

Objective: To analyze the course of disease and epidemiological parameters of COVID-19 and provide evidence for making prevention and control strategies. Methods: To display the distribution of course of disease of the infectors who had close contacts with COVID-19 cases from January 1 to March 15, 2020 in Guangdong Provincial, the models of Lognormal, Weibull and gamma distribution were applied. A descriptive analysis was conducted on the basic characteristics and epidemiological parameters of course of disease. Results: In total, 515 of 11 580 close contacts were infected, with an attack rate about 4.4%, including 449 confirmed cases and 66 asymptomatic cases. Lognormal distribution was fitting best for latent period, incubation period, pre-symptomatic infection period of confirmed cases and infection period of asymptomatic cases; Gamma distribution was fitting best for infectious period and clinical symptom period of confirmed cases; Weibull distribution was fitting best for latent period of asymptomatic cases. The latent period, incubation period, pre-symptomatic infection period, infectious period and clinical symptoms period of confirmed cases were 4.50 (95%CI:3.86-5.13) days, 5.12 (95%CI:4.63-5.62) days, 0.87 (95%CI:0.67-1.07) days, 11.89 (95%CI:9.81-13.98) days and 22.00 (95%CI:21.24-22.77) days, respectively. The latent period and infectious period of asymptomatic cases were 8.88 (95%CI:6.89-10.86) days and 6.18 (95%CI:1.89-10.47) days, respectively. Conclusion: The estimated course of COVID-19 and related epidemiological parameters are similar to the existing data.
COVID-19 ; Cohort Studies ; Contact Tracing ; Humans ; Incidence ; Prospective Studies

Proteasome controls the degradation of proteins closely related to life activities and plays a key role in the maintenance of protein homeostasis. Proteasome activities decrease with aging, followed by the overwhelming production of damaged proteins which far exceed the protein consumption. Accumulation of these proteins leads to various diseases including neurodegenerative diseases. Therefore, inducing toxic protein degradation is considered as a promising solution for the treatment of these diseases, while increasing the activity of proteasome is considered as an important strategy. However, the research in this field is still in the preliminary stage, and this review will focus on the discussion of the research progress of various small molecule proteasome activators, including research methods, pharmacological effects, structure-activity relationships and the existing problems.

Objective: To explore the influencing factors for serum potassium >4.4 mmol/L in the morning of parathyroidectomy in hemodialysis patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT). Methods: The clinical data of 72 patients with SHPT who received regular hemodialysis and underwent parathyroidectomy in Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital from January 2012 to December 2018 were analyzed retrospectively. There were 37 males and 35 females, aged from 25 to 69 years, and the dialysis timespan was from 0.5 to 11 years. The levels of parathyroid hormone, serum potassium and serum calcium before hemodialysis were examined one day before operation, and hemodialysis time and dewatering volume after hemodialysis without heparin were recorded, and also the level of serum potassium in the morning of parathyroidectomy was detected. The occurrences of hyperkalemia during and after operation were studied. The factors related to hyperkalemia in the morning of parathyroidectomy were evaluated by Pearson or Spearman correlation analysis, and the cut-off values of risk factors were calculated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Results: Serum potassium >4.4 mmol/L in the morning of parathyroidectomy existed in 23 of 72 patients. Correlation analysis showed that serum potassium one day before operation ((4.93±0.56)mmol/L, r=0.656, P<0.001) and dehydration volume ((2.37±0.75)L, r=0.261, P=0.027) were positively correlated with serum potassium in the morning of parathyroidectomy((4.16±0.54)mmol/L). Serum potassium before hemodialysis one day before operation was a main predictor for serum potassium in the morning of parathyroidectomy (AUC=0.791, P<0.001). The cut-off value of serum potassium before hemodialysis one day before operation was 5.0 mmol/L. Conclusion: Serum potassium before hemodialysis one day before operation in patients with SHPT can predict serum potassium in the morning of parathyroidectomy, offering imformation for the safety of operation.
Calcium ; Female ; Humans ; Hyperkalemia/etiology* ; Hyperparathyroidism, Secondary/surgery* ; Male ; Parathyroid Hormone ; Parathyroidectomy ; Renal Dialysis ; Retrospective Studies

A pre-column derivatization and ultra-high performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QTOF-MS/MS) method was developed for qualitative and quantitative determination of medium- and short-chain fatty acids in mice feces, and was further applied to evaluate variations in the feces of mice before and after antibiotic treatment. This animal experiment had been approved by Animal Experimental Ethics Committee of Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine. By optimizing the derivatization conditions and UHPLC-QTOF-MS/MS parameters a new UHPLC-QTOF-MS/MS method with 3-nitrophenylhydrazine as the derivatization reagent was developed for simultaneous determination of 16 medium- and short-chain fatty acids. Validation studies showed that the linearity of the calibration curves was good (R²>0.99), the RSD of intra-day and inter-day precision was less than 10%, the repeatability RSD was less than 6%, the recovery rate was between 80% - 120% at three spiked levels, and the stability RSD was less than 7% within 36 h. The types and amounts of the detected medium- and short-chain fatty acids in feces significantly changed after the mice were treated with antibiotics. The content of formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, isobutyric acid, valeric acid, and lactic acid decreased, whereas that of heptanoic acid and succinic acid increased significantly. All these results suggest that the newly established method is accurate and reliable, and can be used for determination of medium- and short-chain fatty acids in feces.

Objective:To evaluate the quality of life of patients with chronic Keshan disease, and to explore related influencing factors, in order to provide a theoretical basis for improving the quality of life of patients with chronic Keshan disease.Methods:According to the standard of "Diagnosis of Keshan Disease" (WS/T 210-2011), 110 patients with chronic Keshan disease treated in the Jingchuan People's Hospital, Pingliang City, Gansu Province were selected as the research subjects, and demographic and disease data of the patients were collected by questionnaire survey; the quality of life of patients was assessed by the Minnesota living with heart failure questionnaire (MLHFQ); and correlation analysis was used to analyze and explore the influencing factors of patients' MLHFQ score.Results:Among the 110 patients with chronic Keshan disease, 66 were males and 44 were females, aged (60.93 ± 8.22) years; the education level was mainly junior high school or below, accounting for 92.73% (102/110); average annual family income was 20 700 yuan; the cardio-thoracic ratio of the patient was 0.64 ± 0.09; the ejection fraction (EF) was (36.71 ± 7.55)%; the labor ability classification was mainly based on simple activities, accounting for 60.91% (67/110); and the cardiac function classification was mainly Grade Ⅲ, accounting for 67.27% (74/110). The total MLHFQ scores of chronic Keshan patients were (69.17 ± 16.14) points, and the scores of physical, emotional and other fields were (26.32 ± 6.70), (15.86 ± 4.96) and (26.94 ± 6.10) points, respectively. The total MLHFQ scores had statistically significant differences among patients with different education level, cardio-thoracic ratio, EF, labor ability classification, cardiac function classification and annual family income ( F=7.121, 6.236, 4.515, 3.427, 5.418, Z=2.346 , P < 0.05). The results of correlation analysis showed that educational level and labor ability classification were negatively correlated with scores in physical field and other fields ( r=- 0.302, - 0.206, - 0.343, - 0.285, P < 0.01), and annual family income was negatively correlated with scores in emotional field ( r=- 0.263, P < 0.01). The cardiac function classification was positively correlated with scores in physical and other fields ( r=0.233, 0.210, P < 0.05). Conclusions:The quality of life of patients with chronic Keshan disease is poor. The quality of life of patients is affected by their educational level, annual family income, labor ability classification, cardiac function classification, etc.