Objective: To conduct screening for rare blood types within important blood group systems for the Chinese population, such as Rh, Duffy, Kidd, P1Pk, Diego, and MNS, in the Guangzhou region, and to establish a corresponding rare blood type database and physical repository. Methods: The saline medium microplate method was used to screen blood donors with the ccDEE phenotype combined with either Jk(a-) or Jk(b-). The polybrene microplate method was employed to screen for donors with Fy(a-), s(-), Lu(b-), Di(b-), k(-), and p phenotypes. The urea lysis microplate method was applied to screen for the Jk(a-b-) phenotype. A high-resolution melting (HRM) curve method was established for screening some donors with the Di(b-) phenotype. Subsequently, expanded phenotyping of antigens in the Rh, Kidd, MNS, Duffy, P1Pk, Lewis, Kell, and Lutheran blood group systems was performed on identified rare blood type donors using monoclonal antibodies. The test results are entered into the Rare Blood Type Bank Management System of the Guangzhou Blood Center, enabling functions such as confirmation reminders and cryopreservation storage when the donor donates again. Red blood cells of rare blood types are processed into frozen red blood cells for long-term storage. Results: Among voluntary blood donors, 16 cases of the ccDEE combined with Jk(a-) phenotype were identified (0.221 7%, 16/7 216); 10 cases of the ccDEE combined with Jk(b-) phenotype (0.138 6%, 10/7 216); 78 cases of the Fy(a-) phenotype (0.169 5%, 78/46 012); 39 cases of the Lu(b-) phenotype (0.138 2%, 39/28 214); 31 cases of the s(-) phenotype (0.081 8%, 31/37 913); 22 cases of the Di(b-) phenotype (0.029 9%, 22/73 691); 30 cases of the Jk(a-b-) phenotype (0.010 1%, 30/298 250); and 1 case of the k(-) phenotype (0.001 3%, 1/77 382), which was further identified as KELnull phenotype (K0). No p phenotype donors were identified (0/88 528). A total of 228 units of frozen red blood cells were prepared. The screening results were compared and analyzed with rare blood type data from other regions. Conclusion: This study, through a combination of different screening methods, significantly improved the efficiency of rare blood type screening while remaining cost-effective. By conducting large-scale screening and performing data informatization processing, a database and physical repository of rare blood types in the Guangzhou region were successfully established. This provides a strong guarantee for the timely supply of blood to patients with difficult-to-match and rare blood types in the region, effectively enhances the level of transfusion safety in the region, and offers a practical paradigm for constructing a comprehensive blood transfusion support system.

Colorectal inflammatory cancer transformation poses a major risk to patients with colitis. Patients with chronic intestinal inflammation have an approximately 2-3 folds increased risk of developing colorectal cancer (CRC). Unfortunately, there is currently no effective intervention available. Huangqin decoction (HQD), a well-known traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula, is frequently clinically prescribed for treating patients with colitis, and its active ingredients have effective antitumour efficacy. Nonetheless, the mechanism of HQD-mediated prevention of colorectal inflammatory cancer transformation remains unclear. A strategy integrating metagenomic, lipidomic, and messenger RNA (mRNA) sequencing analysis was used to investigate the regulatory effects of HQD on the gut microbiome, metabolism and potential mechanisms involved in colorectal inflammatory cancer transformation. Our study revealed that HQD suppressed colorectal inflammatory cancer transformation, which was associated with enhanced intestinal barrier function, decreased the inflammatory response, and regulation of the gut microbiome. Notably, cohousing experiments revealed that the transfer of the gut microbiome from HQD-treated mice largely inhibited the pathological transformation of colitis. Moreover, gut microbiome transfer from HQD-treated mice primarily resulted in the altered regulation of fatty acid metabolism, especially the remodeling of arachidonic acid metabolism, which was associated with the amelioration of pathological transformation. Arachidonic acid metabolism and the key metabolic enzyme arachidonic acid 12-lipoxygenase (ALOX12) were affected by HQD treatment, and no obvious protective effect of HQD was observed in Alox 12 ^-/- mice, which revealed that ALOX12 was a critical mediator of HQD protection against colorectal inflammatory cancer transformation. In summary, multiple omics analyses were applied to produce valuable data and theoretical support for the application of HQD as a promising intervention for the transformation of inflammatory CRC.

OBJECTIVE To carry out regular monitoring of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae(CRKP)contamination status in the environment of intensive care unit(ICU)and take targeted prevention and control measures so as to reduce the incidence of hospital-associated infections with multidrug-resistant organisms(MDROs).METHODS The surfaces of surroundings of the patients who were colonized and infected with CRKP in the ICU of grade A tertiary hospital of Shanghai and the hands of relevant staff were sampled by stages from Jan 1,2021 to Jun 30,2024.The distribution of the CRKP strains in the surroundings were analyzed according to the locations positive for CRKP,and the disinfection measures were accordingly and continuously modified.The trend of isolation rate of CRKP strains from the ICU patients was analyzed during the time period when the measures were implemented.RESULTS Totally 266 environmental samples were collected during the baseline period(from Jan.1 2021 to Dec.31 2021),265 during intervention period(from Jan.1 2022 to Dec.31 2023),274 during con-solidation period(from Jan.1 to Jun.30 2024);the isolation rates of the CRKP strains were 4.51％,4.91％and 3.65％,respectively.The isolation rate of the strains was highest from the bed unit(10.40％),followed by the article for public use(6.74％),articles used by health care workers(2.98％)and diagnosis and treatment arti-cles(1.91％).The isolation rate of CRKP of the patients was 24.75％during the baseline period,15.48％during the intervention period,5.69％during the consolidation period,showing a continuously downward trend(x2=30.330,P＜0.001).CONCLUSION It is necessary to regularly carry out the environmental monitoring of CRKP strains,seek for the weak links of environmental disinfection and implement the intensified prevention and control measures so as to reduce the incidence of CRKP infection,which may provide theoretical bases for effective control of the CRKP strains.

Objective To explore the impact of admission modes on the reperfusion time and short-term prognosis of patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction(STEMI).Methods 497 patients who visited the Chest Pain Center of Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital of Xiamen University from January 2023 to November 2024 and were diagnosed with STEMI were included.All patients received direct percutaneous coronary intervention.According to admission modes,the patients were divided into the self-referral group(122 cases),emergency medical service group(EMS)(51 cases)and transfer PCI group(324 cases).The basic characteristics,reperfusion time,complications between group were compared.Results The age of the patients in this study was(58.64±13.62)years old,and there were 423 male cases(85.11%).Compared with the self-referral group and the EMS group,the time of door-wire in transfer PCI group was shorter[35(29,45)min vs.43(35,53)min vs.43(33,48)min,P＜0.001],but the time of first medical contact-wire was longer[123(80,192)min vs.43(35,52)min vs.57(51,76)min,P＜0.001].Compared with the self-referral group and the transfer PCI group,the time of symptom-to-first medical contact and the time of symptom-to-wire in EMS group were both shorter,which were[55(32,136)min vs.185(116,360)min vs.120(60,236)min,P＜0.001]and[136(101,188)min vs.228(169,413)min vs.282(190,400)min,P＜0.001].The incidence of infections in the transfer PCI group was lower than that in the self-referral group(12.65%vs.22.95%,P＜0.05).Conclusions To comprehensively enhance the treatment effect,it is necessary to prioritize the promotion and continuous optimization of the response process of EMS,simultaneously strengthen the standardized collaboration of referral,and enhance the identification ability of STEMI through public education to reduce the delay of self-referral patients..

Colorectal inflammatory cancer transformation poses a major risk to patients with colitis.Patients with chronic intestinal inflammation have an approximately 2-3 fold increased risk of developing colorectal cancer(CRC).Unfortunately,there is currently no effective intervention available.Huangqin decoction(HQD),a well-known traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)formula,is frequently clinically prescribed for treating patients with colitis,and its active ingredients have effective antitumour efficacy.Nonetheless,the mechanism of HQD-mediated prevention of colorectal inflammatory cancer transformation remains unclear.A strategy integrating metagenomic,lipidomic,and messenger RNA(mRNA)sequencing analysis was used to investigate the regulatory effects of HQD on the gut microbiome,metabolism and potential mechanisms involved in colorectal inflammatory cancer transformation.Our study revealed that HQD suppressed colorectal inflammatory cancer transformation,which was associated with enhanced in-testinal barrier function,decreased the inflammatory response,and regulation of the gut microbiome.Notably,cohousing experiments revealed that the transfer of the gut microbiome from HQD-treated mice largely inhibited the pathological transformation of colitis.Moreover,gut microbiome transfer from HQD-treated mice primarily resulted in the altered regulation of fatty acid metabolism,especially the remodeling of arachidonic acid metabolism,which was associated with the amelioration of pathological transformation.Arachidonic acid metabolism and the key metabolic enzyme arachidonic acid 12-lipoxygenase(ALOX12)were affected by HQD treatment,and no obvious protective effect of HQD was observed in Alox12-/-mice,which revealed that ALOX12 was a critical mediator of HQD protection against colorectal inflammatory cancer transformation.In summary,multiple omics analyses were applied to produce valuable data and theoretical support for the application of HQD as a promising intervention for the transformation of inflammatory CRC.

Objective To explore the impact of admission modes on the reperfusion time and short-term prognosis of patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction(STEMI).Methods 497 patients who visited the Chest Pain Center of Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital of Xiamen University from January 2023 to November 2024 and were diagnosed with STEMI were included.All patients received direct percutaneous coronary intervention.According to admission modes,the patients were divided into the self-referral group(122 cases),emergency medical service group(EMS)(51 cases)and transfer PCI group(324 cases).The basic characteristics,reperfusion time,complications between group were compared.Results The age of the patients in this study was(58.64±13.62)years old,and there were 423 male cases(85.11%).Compared with the self-referral group and the EMS group,the time of door-wire in transfer PCI group was shorter[35(29,45)min vs.43(35,53)min vs.43(33,48)min,P＜0.001],but the time of first medical contact-wire was longer[123(80,192)min vs.43(35,52)min vs.57(51,76)min,P＜0.001].Compared with the self-referral group and the transfer PCI group,the time of symptom-to-first medical contact and the time of symptom-to-wire in EMS group were both shorter,which were[55(32,136)min vs.185(116,360)min vs.120(60,236)min,P＜0.001]and[136(101,188)min vs.228(169,413)min vs.282(190,400)min,P＜0.001].The incidence of infections in the transfer PCI group was lower than that in the self-referral group(12.65%vs.22.95%,P＜0.05).Conclusions To comprehensively enhance the treatment effect,it is necessary to prioritize the promotion and continuous optimization of the response process of EMS,simultaneously strengthen the standardized collaboration of referral,and enhance the identification ability of STEMI through public education to reduce the delay of self-referral patients..

OBJECTIVE To carry out regular monitoring of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae(CRKP)contamination status in the environment of intensive care unit(ICU)and take targeted prevention and control measures so as to reduce the incidence of hospital-associated infections with multidrug-resistant organisms(MDROs).METHODS The surfaces of surroundings of the patients who were colonized and infected with CRKP in the ICU of grade A tertiary hospital of Shanghai and the hands of relevant staff were sampled by stages from Jan 1,2021 to Jun 30,2024.The distribution of the CRKP strains in the surroundings were analyzed according to the locations positive for CRKP,and the disinfection measures were accordingly and continuously modified.The trend of isolation rate of CRKP strains from the ICU patients was analyzed during the time period when the measures were implemented.RESULTS Totally 266 environmental samples were collected during the baseline period(from Jan.1 2021 to Dec.31 2021),265 during intervention period(from Jan.1 2022 to Dec.31 2023),274 during con-solidation period(from Jan.1 to Jun.30 2024);the isolation rates of the CRKP strains were 4.51％,4.91％and 3.65％,respectively.The isolation rate of the strains was highest from the bed unit(10.40％),followed by the article for public use(6.74％),articles used by health care workers(2.98％)and diagnosis and treatment arti-cles(1.91％).The isolation rate of CRKP of the patients was 24.75％during the baseline period,15.48％during the intervention period,5.69％during the consolidation period,showing a continuously downward trend(x2=30.330,P＜0.001).CONCLUSION It is necessary to regularly carry out the environmental monitoring of CRKP strains,seek for the weak links of environmental disinfection and implement the intensified prevention and control measures so as to reduce the incidence of CRKP infection,which may provide theoretical bases for effective control of the CRKP strains.

To understand the distribution of ticks in the Wuwei Region,enrich tick species data,and provide a basis for the prevention of tick-borne diseases,tick were collected using flagging and tick-picking methods during the highest activity period from April to September in 2021 and 2022 in the mountainous areas of Wuwei City.The ticks were identified based on morpho-logical and molecular biological characteristics,and characteristic sequences were obtained.A systematic evolutionary tree was constructed using the neighbor-joining method in MEGA 11.0 software.In total,7 342 ticks collected in Wuwei,which be-longed to 5 species from 4 genera with in the Ixodidae family,which included Dermacentor nuttalli,Hyalomma asiaticum,Ixodes canisuga,Haemaphysalis longicornis and Haema-physalis danieli.Ticks of the same species clustered together into the same branch of an evolutionary tree.In the Wuwei Re-gion,five common tick species are found across various habi-tats,with each habitat featuring different distributions of tick species and populations.The Dermacentor nuttalli is the dom-inant tick species in this area.

【Objective】 To identify the specificity of alloantibody against high-frequency antigens in one case suffering with severe hemolytic diseases of the fetus and newborn (HDFN) and to screen for matching blood for transfusion. 【Methods】 The HDFN test and the antibody serological identification tests in the mother were performed. Several common high frequency antigens of maternal red blood cells (RBCs) were determined. IgG subtype coated on the RBCs of the newborn was determined. The phagocytic efficiency of the antibody was tested using the monocyte phagocytosis of sensitized erythrocyte by flow cytometry in vitro. Sanger sequencing of DI gene was performed in the mother, father and mother’s brother. The diluted maternal plasma was used for large scale screening of matching blood using IAT in Coomb’s gel card. 【Results】 Di(b-) phenotype was identified in the mother of the newborn and anti-Di^b (titer: 512) related HDN was detected in the newborn. IgG1 and IgG2 subtypes of anti-Di^b were detected and the rate of monocyte phagocytosis was 88.83%(74.7/84.09). The compatible blood was not detected in the maternal relatives. Subsequently, the newborn received the matching RBCs of two Di(b-) donors identified from 5 520 blood donors and discharged from the hospital. We screened out 17 Di(b-) donors out of 51 334 blood donors, indicating that the distribution frequency of Di(b-) among blood donors in Guangzhou was about 0.033% (17/51 334). 【Conclusion】 By serology and molecular biology methods, the newborn was identified with HDFN caused by anti-Di^b, and an effective large-scale screening method for Di (b -) rare blood types was established to find matching blood, which supported the establishment of rare Di(b-) blood database.

Aim To explore the protective effect of di-osmetin on age-related macular degeneration(AMD)and its mechanism.Methods Based on the GEO da-tabase,the differentially expressed genes between AMD and normal samples of retinal pigment epithelial(RPE)cells were analyzed.The cell damage model of human retinal pigment epithelial cells(ARPE-19)ir-radiated was established with 302 nm ultraviolet B(UVB).Then the pharmacological effects of 0.6-40μmol·L-1 of diosmetin,10-160 μmol·L-1 of L-DOPA,and 1-100 μmol·L-1 of melanin were as-sessed,and their anti-AMD-related pathways were ex-plored.The melanin content,tyrosinase activity,and related protein expression levels were assayed.Results Screened by GSE91087,significant differentially ex-pressed genes such as MCHR1,TYR,and TYRP1 were found in the RPE cells of the AMD case sample group,which determined that melanin synthesis and tyrosinase metabolism pathways were the key pathways in AMD;100 μmol·L-1 of melanin and 60 μmol·L-1 of L-DOPA significantly improved cell viability under UVB irradiation of ARPE-19 cells and decreased the necro-sis/apoptosis ratio;10 μmnol·L-1 of diosmetin in-creased cell viability,reversed the reduced melanin content and tyrosinase activity of ARPE-19 cells in the UVB group,and increased the protein expression of TYR,TRP-1,and TRP-2,which confirmed the role of diosmetin in the promotion of melanin synthesis.Con-clusion Diometin induces melanin synthesis via tyro-sine metabolism pathway and thereby improves UV-in-duced ARPE-19 cell damage.