BACKGROUND:Eucommia ulmoides has a certain osteogenic effect,which can promote the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts.However,it is unclear whether Eucommia ulmoides has effects on alveolar bone formation and Wnt/β-Catenin signaling pathway. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the mechanism by which Eucommia ulmoides promotes alveolar bone formation in ovariectomized rats based on the Wnt/β-Catenin signaling pathway. METHODS:Sixty female Sprague-Dawley rats were selected and randomly divided into five groups:blank control group,sham-operation group,model group,low-dose group Eucommia ulmoides group,and high-dose Eucommia ulmoides group,with twelve rats in each group.Osteoporosis animal models were constructed by bilateral oophorectomy in the model group and the low-dose and high-dose Eucommia ulmoides groups.The sham-operation group underwent the same method to remove adipose tissue of equal mass around the bilateral ovaries.Three months after surgery,the low-and high-dose Eucommia ulmoides groups were given 2.1 g/kg/d and 4.2 g/kg/d Eucommia ulmoides by gavage,respectively.The sham-operation group and model group were given the same amount of physiological saline by gavage.After 12 weeks of drug intervention,the changes in alveolar bone mass of rats in each group were observed through Micro-CT;hematoxylin-eosin staining was used to observe the pathological structural changes of alveolar bone in rats;enzyme linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect the expression levels of alkaline phosphatase and osteocalcin in the serum of rats;western blot was used to detect the expression levels of β-Catenin and Frizzled9 receptor proteins in the alveolar bone of rats;and real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR was used to detect the expression of osteocalcin,Runt-related transcription factor 2(Runx2),alkaline phosphatase,β-catenin,and frizzled9 mRNAs in alveolar bone tissues of rats. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Compared with the blank control group,bone volume fraction,trabecular number,trabecular thickness,and bone mineral density were reduced in the model group(P＜0.05),and trabecular separation was elevated(P＜0.05).Pathological observation showed that the arrangement of trabeculae was disordered and irregular,the trabeculae were thinned or broken,and the marrow cavity was enlarged in the model group,with a significant reduction in bone volume;the level of alkaline phosphatase in the serum was increased(P＜0.05),and the level of osteocalcin was decreased(P＜0.05);mRNA expression of alkaline phosphatase,osteocalcin,Runx2,β-catenin,and frizzled9 were decreased(P＜0.05);protein expression of β-Catenin and Frizzled9 was decreased(P＜0.05).Compared with the model group,the low-and high-dose Eucommia ulmoides groups showed an increase in bone volume fraction,trabecular number,trabecular thickness,and bone mineral density(P＜0.05)and a decrease in trabecular separation(P＜0.05).In the low-and high-dose Eucommia ulmoides groups,bone trabeculae were slightly aligned and thickened,with a significant increase in bone mass.Compared with the model group,the serum level of alkaline phosphatase was reduced(P＜0.05)and the serum level of osteocalcin was elevated(P＜0.05)in the low-and high-dose Eucommia ulmoides groups.Compared with the model group,the mRNA expression of alkaline phosphatase,osteocalcin,Runx2,β-catenin,and frizzled9 were increased in the low-and high-dose Eucommia ulmoides groups(P＜0.05).Compared with the model group,the protein expression of Frizzled9 was increased in the low-dose Eucommia ulmoides group(P＜0.05),while the protein expression of β-Catenin and Frizzled9 was increased in the high-dose Eucommia ulmoides group(P＜0.05).Compared with the low-dose Eucommia ulmoides group,the high-dose Eucommia ulmoides group had a more significant improvement in the above indexes.To conclude,Eucommia ulmoides can effectively promote the alveolar bone formation,and its mechanism of action might be related to the activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.

Objective: To explore the association between mediterranean diet (MD) patterns and dental caries among children and adolescents with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD), so as to provide a basis for developing scientific anti caries strategies related to diet. Methods: From December 2021 to June 2024, a questionnaire survey, a three day 24 hour dietary review survey, oral health examination, physical development measurement and Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS) evaluation were conducted involving 147 children and adolescents aged 2-22 years with NDD from nine special education schools and rehabilitation institutions in Tianjin. Group comparisons were carried out using the Mann-Whitney U test, Chi-square test, or Fisher s exact probability method. The correlation between dietary quality and dental caries was analyzed by adopting multiple linear regression analysis and restricted cubic spline. Results: There were 46 children and adolescents (31.3%) in the non dental caries group and 101 children and adolescents (68.7%) in the dental caries group. The number of decayed missing and filled teeth (dmft) was 2.0 (4.0), and the MD score was 4.0 (2.0) points. There were 62 children and adolescents (42.2%) in the low MD scores group and 85 children and adolescents (57.8%) in the high MD scores group. There was no significant difference in MD scores between NDD children in the non dental caries group and those in the dental caries group [nondental caries group:4.0(2.0), dental caries group:4.0(2.0), Z= -0.14, P >0.05]. The MD scores and dmft exhibited increasing and then decreasing trend ( P total =0.02, P non lineary = 0.04 ). Children and adolescents with NDD in the MD high scores group had a lower number of dmft than those in the MD low scores group ( β= -2.00 , 95%CI =-3.39 to -0.62, P <0.05). However, in children and adolescents with NDD and CARS scores ≥30, the above association was insignificant ( β=-0.63, 95%CI=-0.29-0.15, P >0.05). Conclusion Children and adolescents with NDD who have dietary patterns similar to the Mediterranean diet, are found to have fewer dental caries, and this is observed among those with no or mild symptoms of autism spectrum disorder.

Objective To develop a nomogram for predicting the risks of early anastomotic recurrence(EAR)after primary bowel resection in patients with Crohn's disease(CD).Methods The patients with CD under-going preoperative magnetic resonance enterography(MRE)and primary bowel resection were enrolled in this retrospective study and divided into an EAR group(18 patients)and EAR-free group(12 patients).The EAR group included the patients having an endoscopic Rutgeerts score of≥I2 month or the need for anastomotic resection within 12 months after surgery.All the 38 indexes including preoperative demographic characteristics,laboratory examina-tions,multi-parameter MRE features of the resected intestine and its adjacent mesentery,histological findings,and postoperative pharmacotherapy were analyzed.Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator(LASSO)regression and multivariate binary logistic regression analysis were performed to identify independent risk factors to be incorpo-rated into the nomogram for predicting the risks of early anastomotic recurrence and the prediction performance was evaluated.Results Mesenteric creeping fat index on MRE and comb sign were independent risks of EAR,with a concordance index of 0.882(95%CI:0.764～1).The calibration plot revealed a strong relationship between actual observation and predicted probability of EAR.Conclusions The preoperative MRE-based nomogram may be a potential tool for predicting EAR following surgery in patients with CD,which is beneficial to individual management in those patients.It provides reference for the formulation of early postoperative individualized drug adjuvant therapy in patients at high risk of EAR.

ObjectiveTo determine the syndrome of a rat model of follicular dysplasia induced by Tripterygium glycosides based on prescriptions and investigate the mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine intervention via the adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase （AMPK）/mammalian target of rapamycin （mTOR）/hypoxia-inducible factor-1 （HIF-1）/vascular endothelial growth factor （VEGF） pathway. MethodForty-eight rats with regular estrous cycles were randomly assigned into a normal group （n=8） and a modeling group （n=40）. The rats in the modeling group were administrated with Tripterygium glycoside suspension （75 mL·kg^-1） by gavage for 30 days. The modeled rats were assigned into model， Siwutang （3.69 g·kg^-1）， Youguiyin （3.11 g·kg^-1）， Zuoguiyin （7.29 g·kg^-1）， and Guishenwan （10.35 g·kg^-1） groups， with 8 rats in each group. The drug intervention lasted for 14 days. The changes of estrous cycle were detected by Pap staining， and a stereoscope was used to observe the morphology of the ovarian tissue. Hematoxylin-eosin staining was employed to observe the pathological changes and follicle count in the ovarian tissue. Enzyme-related immunosorbent assay （ELISA） was used to measure the levels of follicle-stimulating hormone （FSH）， luteinizing hormone （LH）， and estradiol （E₂） in the serum. Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blot were employed to determine the mRNA and protein levels， respectively， of AMPK， mTOR， HIF-1， and VEGF in the ovarian tissue. ResultCompared with the normal group， the model group had a disordered estrous cycle， reduced secondary and mature follicles， increased atretic follicles， elevated FSH and LH levels， lowered E₂ level， up-regulated mRNA and protein levels of AMPK， and down-regulated mRNA and protein levels of mTOR， HIF-1， and VEGF （P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， Guishenwan increased secondary and mature follicles， decreased atretic follicles， lowered the FSH and LH levels， elevated the E₂ level， down-regulated the mRNA and protein levels of AMPK， and up-regulated the mRNA and protein levels of mTOR， HIF-1， and VEGF （P<0.01）. Compared with Guishenwan group， Siwutang， Youguiyin， and Zuoguiyin decreased mature follicles， increased atretic follicles （P<0.01）， elevated the LH （P<0.01） and FSH （P<0.05） levels， and lowered the E₂ level （P<0.05）. In addition， Youguiyin up-regulated the protein level of AMPK （P<0.05） and down-regulated the mRNA levels of mTOR and HIF-1 （P<0.01） as well as the mRNA and protein levels of VEGF （P<0.01）. Siwutang down-regulated the mRNA levels of mTOR and HIF-1 as well as the mRNA and protein levels of VEGF （P<0.05）. Zuoguiyin down-regulated the mRNA level of mTOR and the protein and mRNA levels of VEGF （P<0.05）. ConclusionGuishenwan may improve the ovarian function and promote follicle maturation in a rat model of follicular dysplasia by inhibiting the AMPK/mTOR/HIF-1/VEGF pathway， with the therapeutic effect superior to Zuoguiyin， Youguiyin， and Siwutang. It was hypothesized that this model presented the syndrome of kidney-essence deficiency.

Aging poses a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, the leading cause of death in the aged population. However, the cell type-specific changes underlying cardiac aging are far from being clear. Here, we performed single-nucleus RNA-sequencing analysis of left ventricles from young and aged cynomolgus monkeys to define cell composition changes and transcriptomic alterations across different cell types associated with age. We found that aged cardiomyocytes underwent a dramatic loss in cell numbers and profound fluctuations in transcriptional profiles. Via transcription regulatory network analysis, we identified FOXP1, a core transcription factor in organ development, as a key downregulated factor in aged cardiomyocytes, concomitant with the dysregulation of FOXP1 target genes associated with heart function and cardiac diseases. Consistently, the deficiency of FOXP1 led to hypertrophic and senescent phenotypes in human embryonic stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes. Altogether, our findings depict the cellular and molecular landscape of ventricular aging at the single-cell resolution, and identify drivers for primate cardiac aging and potential targets for intervention against cardiac aging and associated diseases.
Aged ; Animals ; Humans ; Aging/genetics* ; Forkhead Transcription Factors/metabolism* ; Myocytes, Cardiac/metabolism* ; Primates/metabolism* ; Repressor Proteins/metabolism* ; Transcriptome ; Macaca fascicularis/metabolism*

BACKGROUND: SMARCA2 (SWI/SNF Related, Matrix Associated, Actin Dependent Regulator of Chromatin, Subfamily A, Member 2) is an important ATPase catalytic subunit in the switch-sucrose nonfermenting (SWI/SNF) complex. However, its relationship with the pathological features of NSCLC and its prognosis remain unclear. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed 2390 patients with surgically resected NSCLC, constructed tissue microarrays (TMAs) and performed immunohistochemical assays. We analyzed the correlation of SAMRCA2 with clinicopathological features and evaluated its prognostic value. RESULTS: Among 2390 NSCLC cases, the negative expression ratios of SAMRCA2, SMARCA4, ARID1A, ARID1B and INI1 were 9.3%, 1.8%, 1.2%, 0.4% and 0%, respectively. In NSCLC, male sex, T3 and T4 stage, moderate and poor differentiation, tumor ≥ 2 cm, Ki67 ≥ 15%, SOX-2 negative expression, middle lobe lesion and adenocarcinoma were relative risk factors affecting SMARCA2-negative expression. In lung adenocarcinomas, high-grade nuclei, histological morphology of acinar and papillary, solid and micropapillary and TTF-1-negative expression were relative risk factors affecting SMARCA2-negative expression. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that the OS was shorter in the SMARCA2-negative group. Multivariate survival analysis revealed that SMARCA2-negative expression was an independent factor correlated with a poor prognosis in NSCLC. CONCLUSION In conclusion, SMARCA2-negative expression is an independent predictor of a poor outcome of NSCLC and is a potential target for NSCLC treatment.
Adenosine Triphosphatases/metabolism* ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/genetics* ; Humans ; Male ; Retrospective Studies ; Transcription Factors/genetics*

Objective:To systematically evaluate the life experience of patients with postpartum depression.Methods:PubMed, web of science, EMBASE, Scopus, PsychINFO, the Cochrane Library, CNKI, VIP, Wanfang and China biomedical database were searched for qualitative studies on life experience of patients with postpartum depression from the establishment to January 2021. The quality of articles was evaluated by the quality evaluation standard of JBI evidence-based health care center (2016) in Australia, and the results were summarized for meta integration.Results:A total of 23 studies were included, 50 complete results were extracted, 9 new categories were summarized, and 3 integrated results were obtained. Integration result 1: negative psychological emotion experience and coping style; integration result 2: personal role change and social environment influence; integration result 3: needs and obstacles.Conclusions:To improve the public′s cognition of postpartum depression, get the understanding of relatives and the attention of medical staff; pay attention to the life experience of patients with postpartum depression, give all-round support, meet the needs of pregnant women, promote the adaptation of mother′s role, and provide reference for medical staff to give humanized intervention.

Objective:To construct a mutant strain of hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae NTHU-K2044 with hfq gene deletion and to analyze its biological characteristics. Methods:The hfq gene of NTUH-K2044 was knocked out by homologous recombination technology to construct △ hfq mutant strain. Its biological characteristics including growth rate, environmental stress tolerance, biofilm formation, capsular polysaccharide synthesis, resistance to neutrophil phagocytosis and lethality to Galleria mellonella larvae were analyzed by comparing with the wild-type strain using phenotypic experiments. Results:The △ hfq mutant strain of hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae NTHU-K2044 was successfully constructed. Phenotypic experiments showed that the △ hfq mutant strain had significantly slower growth rate, smaller colonies and decreased hypermucoviscosity. Its growth was significantly inhibited under different environmental stress conditions such as pH9, pH5.5, 0.7 mmol/L SDS, 5% NaCl, 0.1% H 2O 2 and high temperature of 50℃. In terms of virulence and pathogenicity, the △ hfq mutant strain showed decreased ability to form biofilm and capsule, significantly down-regulated expression of magA and rmpA genes required for capsule synthesis, lower survival rate in the neutrophil bactericidal test and obviously reduced lethality to Galleria mellonella larvae. Conclusions:As a RNA chaperone, Hfq protein could participate in post-transcriptional regulation and play an important role in regulating the physiology, environmental adaptability and virulence of hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae. This study provided reference for further study on hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae.

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of linaclotide with polyethylene glycol in bowel preparation.Methods:From September 2021 to February 2022, 240 patients who visited the Department of Gastroenterology, Third People′s Hospital of Hubei Province, Jianghan University and underwent colonoscopy were selected. According to the random number table, in the ratio of 1 to 1, the patients were divided into the linaclotide with polyethylene glycol group and the simple polyethylene glycol group, with 120 cases in each group. The patients in the linaclotide with polyethylene glycol group took 580 μg linaclotide and 2 L polyethylene glycol electrolyte powder solution, and the patients in the simple polyethylene glycol group took 3 L polyethylene glycol electrolyte powder solution. The Boston bowel preparation scale(BBPS) score, the detection rate of polyps or adenomas, the insertion time of colonoscopy, the withdrawal time of colonoscopy, the time of the first defecation, the frequency of defecations, the success rate of cecal intubation, the occurrence of adverse effects and the satisfaction rate of patients were compared between the 2 groups. Independent sample t test and chi-square test were used for statistical analysis. Results:A total of 235 patients completed bowel preparation and accepted colonoscopy. There were no statistically significant differences in the BBPS score, the detection rate of polyps or adenomas, the insertion time of colonoscopy, the withdrawal time of colonoscopy, the success rate of cecal intubation and the frequency of defecations between the linaclotide with polyethylene glycol group and simple polyethylene glycol group(7.3±1.1 vs. 7.0±1.2; 58.1%, 68/117 vs. 60.2%, 71/118; 38.5%, 45/117 vs. 39.8%, 47/118; (4.2±1.9) min vs.(4.3±1.6) min; (5.9±2.7) min vs.(6.2±2.4) min; 100.0%, 117/117 vs. 100.0%, 118/118; 5.3±2.3 vs. 5.1±2.7; all P>0.05). The rate of adverse effects of the linaclotide with polyethylene glycol group was lower than that of simple polyethylene glycol group(25.6%, 30/117 vs. 39.8%, 47/118), the satisfaction rate of patients was higher than that of the simple polyethylene glycol group (93.2%, 109/117 vs. 76.3%, 90/118), and the differences were statistically significant( χ2=0.24 and 0.64, P=0.018 and 0.031). Conclusion:Compared with the 3 L polyethylene glycol regimen, 580 g linaclotide with 2 L polyethylene glycol regimen can achieve the same bowel preparation effect with higher safety and patient satisfaction, which is worthy of clinical application.

OBJECTIVE：To explore the protective effect of Alpinia zerumbet extract on acute gastric ulcer model mice. METHODS：Totally 48 mice were collected and randomly divided into blank group ，model group ，positive group （Sanjiu weitai granules，20 mg/kg），A. zerumbet extract high-dose ，medium-dose and low-dose groups （2.34，1.17，0.59 g/kg，by crude drug ）， with 8 mice in each group. They were given normal saline or relevant medicine intragastrically ，once a day ，for consecutive 7 d. Then，except for blank group ，other groups were given disposable intragastric administration of absolute ethanol 0.1 mL/10 g to establish acute gastric ulcer model. Another 48 mice were collected and grouped with same method ，and then given relevant medicine for consecutive 15 d. From the 10th day of administration ，except for blank group ，other groups were given intragastric administration of aspirin （20 mg/kg） for consecutive 6 d to establish acute gastric ulcer model. In ethanol induction model experiment，the formation of gastric ulcer and the index of gastric ulcer were observed in each group ；HE staining was used to observe the pathological changes of gastric tissue ；the levels of gastrin （GAS）in serum ，and the levels of SOD ，MDA and NO in gastric tissue were determined by ELISA. In the aspirin induced model experiment ，the formation of gastric ulcer and the index of gastric ulcer were observed and measured by the same method ；the levels of GAS ，TNF-α，IL-1β in serum，and the levels of PGE2 and COX- 2 in gastric tissue were determined by ELISA. RESULTS ：Compared with model group ，obvious ulcer lesions were found in gastric tissue of rats in model group ；the levels of GAS ，TNF-α，IL-1β in serum，and MDA ，NO in gastric tissue were increased significantly ， while the levels of SOD ， PGE2， （No.QZYY-2019- COX-2 in gastric tissue were decreased si gnificantly（P＜0.05 063）. Compared with model group ，the degree of gastric lesions in administration groups was alleviated to some extent；gastric ulcer index was decreased to some extent ， mail：997845460@qq.com while the levels of the above indexes in serum and gastric tissue were improved in varying degrees ， with statistical 制。E-mail：672863283@qq.com significance in most indexes （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. CONCLUSIONS：A. zerumbet extract exerts its protective effect on absolute ethanol and a spirin-induced acute gastric ulcer model mice，the mechanism of which may be relieving gastric mucosal injury through inhibiting oxidative stress and inflammatory response.