BACKGROUND:Eucommia ulmoides has a certain osteogenic effect,which can promote the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts.However,it is unclear whether Eucommia ulmoides has effects on alveolar bone formation and Wnt/β-Catenin signaling pathway. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the mechanism by which Eucommia ulmoides promotes alveolar bone formation in ovariectomized rats based on the Wnt/β-Catenin signaling pathway. METHODS:Sixty female Sprague-Dawley rats were selected and randomly divided into five groups:blank control group,sham-operation group,model group,low-dose group Eucommia ulmoides group,and high-dose Eucommia ulmoides group,with twelve rats in each group.Osteoporosis animal models were constructed by bilateral oophorectomy in the model group and the low-dose and high-dose Eucommia ulmoides groups.The sham-operation group underwent the same method to remove adipose tissue of equal mass around the bilateral ovaries.Three months after surgery,the low-and high-dose Eucommia ulmoides groups were given 2.1 g/kg/d and 4.2 g/kg/d Eucommia ulmoides by gavage,respectively.The sham-operation group and model group were given the same amount of physiological saline by gavage.After 12 weeks of drug intervention,the changes in alveolar bone mass of rats in each group were observed through Micro-CT;hematoxylin-eosin staining was used to observe the pathological structural changes of alveolar bone in rats;enzyme linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect the expression levels of alkaline phosphatase and osteocalcin in the serum of rats;western blot was used to detect the expression levels of β-Catenin and Frizzled9 receptor proteins in the alveolar bone of rats;and real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR was used to detect the expression of osteocalcin,Runt-related transcription factor 2(Runx2),alkaline phosphatase,β-catenin,and frizzled9 mRNAs in alveolar bone tissues of rats. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Compared with the blank control group,bone volume fraction,trabecular number,trabecular thickness,and bone mineral density were reduced in the model group(P＜0.05),and trabecular separation was elevated(P＜0.05).Pathological observation showed that the arrangement of trabeculae was disordered and irregular,the trabeculae were thinned or broken,and the marrow cavity was enlarged in the model group,with a significant reduction in bone volume;the level of alkaline phosphatase in the serum was increased(P＜0.05),and the level of osteocalcin was decreased(P＜0.05);mRNA expression of alkaline phosphatase,osteocalcin,Runx2,β-catenin,and frizzled9 were decreased(P＜0.05);protein expression of β-Catenin and Frizzled9 was decreased(P＜0.05).Compared with the model group,the low-and high-dose Eucommia ulmoides groups showed an increase in bone volume fraction,trabecular number,trabecular thickness,and bone mineral density(P＜0.05)and a decrease in trabecular separation(P＜0.05).In the low-and high-dose Eucommia ulmoides groups,bone trabeculae were slightly aligned and thickened,with a significant increase in bone mass.Compared with the model group,the serum level of alkaline phosphatase was reduced(P＜0.05)and the serum level of osteocalcin was elevated(P＜0.05)in the low-and high-dose Eucommia ulmoides groups.Compared with the model group,the mRNA expression of alkaline phosphatase,osteocalcin,Runx2,β-catenin,and frizzled9 were increased in the low-and high-dose Eucommia ulmoides groups(P＜0.05).Compared with the model group,the protein expression of Frizzled9 was increased in the low-dose Eucommia ulmoides group(P＜0.05),while the protein expression of β-Catenin and Frizzled9 was increased in the high-dose Eucommia ulmoides group(P＜0.05).Compared with the low-dose Eucommia ulmoides group,the high-dose Eucommia ulmoides group had a more significant improvement in the above indexes.To conclude,Eucommia ulmoides can effectively promote the alveolar bone formation,and its mechanism of action might be related to the activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.

ObjectiveThis study aims to observe the clinical effect of Danggui Liuhuang Tang （DGLHT） on patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus （T2DM） complicated by atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease （ASCVD） at high risk， focus on evaluating the influence of DGLHT on cardiovascular risk indicators such as flow-mediated dilation （FMD）， atherogenic index of plasma （AIP）， and triglyceride-glucose index （TyG）， and explore the regulatory effect of DGLHT on the myeloid differentiation factor 88/nuclear factor-kappa B （MyD88/NF-κB） signaling pathway. MethodsThe clinical study was a single-center， double-blind， and randomized controlled trial. A total of 68 patients with T2DM-ASCVD at high risk for cardiovascular events with Yin deficiency and fire excess syndrome were enrolled and randomly assigned to a treatment group and a control group. The treatment group was given atorvastatin calcium tablets and DGLHT， while the control group was given atorvastatin calcium tablets and placebos. The treatment course was 12 weeks， with a final study completion of 30 patients in the treatment group and 29 in the control group. Changes in cardiovascular risk indicators such as FMD， AIP， TyG， and small dense low-density lipoprotein cholesterol （sdLDL-C） index were compared. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells （HUVECs） were used to establish a vascular endothelial injury and inflammation model. The protective effect of DGLHT on endothelial injury was verified by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR） and Western blot . ResultsAfter 12 weeks of treatment， the AIP in the treatment group significantly decreased compared with that before the treatment （P<0.05）. Compared with the control group， the treatment group showed significant improvements in FMD and TyG （P<0.05）. Additionally， the treatment group demonstrated significant reductions in two-hour postprandial glucose （2 hPG）， glycated albumin （GA）， triglycerides （TG）， apolipoprotein E （Apo E）， and sdLDL-C （P<0.05）. Analysis of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） syndrome efficacy indicated that in the treatment group， Yin deficiency and fire excess syndromes， including dry throat and mouth （P<0.05）， excessive thirst （P<0.01）， tidal fever and night sweats （P<0.05）， and dry stools （P<0.05）， improved. Compared with the control group， the treatment group showed significant improvements in symptoms of dry throat and mouth （P<0.05） and excessive thirst （P<0.01）. TCM syndrome scores significantly decreased （P<0.01）， and the overall efficacy rate was 56.67%， significantly higher than the 10.34% observed in the control group （P<0.01）. At the cellular level， increasing concentrations of DGLHT led to decreased messenger ribonucleic acid （mRNA） levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-6 （IL-6）， tumor necrosis factor-alpha （TNF-α）， and interleukin-1-beta （IL-1β） in lipopolysaccharide （LPS）-stimulated HUVECs （P<0.01）， with significant reductions in the high-concentration group （P<0.01）. DGLHT may inhibit the expressions of MyD88 and phosphorylated （p）-NF-κB p65 proteins in a concentration-dependent manner. ConclusionDGLHT shows significant effects in reducing cardiovascular risks and may exert an anti-inflammatory effect by inhibiting the MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway. This finding provides a new perspective for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases in high-risk individuals with T2DM-ASCVD.

Aging, a process of functional decline with the increase of chronological age, is a major risk factor for chronic diseases. Aging shows significant individual differences, which is influenced by both genetic and environmental factors. Accurate measurement of physiological age helps identify individuals with accelerated aging and those at high risk for chronic diseases and mortality, which would promote individual health management and precision medicine for healthy aging. In this paper, we summarize the omics-based aging clocks and discuss their current and future applications.

OBJECTIVE To establish the HPLC fingerprint and content determination of five components in Ranunculus sceleratus L.. METHODS The separation was developed on an Agilent ZORBAX SB C18 chromatographic (4.6 mm×250 mm, 5 μm)column by gradient elution with methanol(A)-0.1 % phosphoric acid aqueous solution(B) as mobile phase to establish HPLC fingerprint of Ranunculus sceleratus L.. Combined with similarity evaluation, cluster analysis, principal component analysis, and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis, the quality of 13 batches of Ranunculus sceleratus L. was evaluated. RESULTS Thirteen batches of Ranunculus sceleratus L. samples were calibrated with 20 common peaks, of which 5 common peaks were identified, and the similarity ranged from 0.874 to 0.984. The results of cluster analysis and principal component analysis were basically the same, indicating that there might be differences in the content of chemical components of Ranunculus sceleratus L. in different regions. Protocatechuic aldehyde, caffeic acid, ferulic acid, hyperoside and isoquercitrin were determined in thirteen batches of Ranunculus sceleratus L., and their contents were 0.016−0.035, 0.010−0.070, 0.010−0.029, 0.016−0.051, 0.028−0.086 mg·g–1, respectively. CONCLUSION The established HPLC fingerprint and content determination method is simple, stable, and reliable, which can be used for qualitative analysis and provide reference to quality evaluation and resource utilization of Ranunculus sceleratus L..

OBJECTIVE To establish a method for determination cinoxate and other 30 kinds of sunscreen agents in sunscreen cosmetics by HPLC. METHODS Twenty-one fat-soluble sunscreen agents(1#−21#) were ultrasonically extracted by the mixed solution of methanol-tetrahydrofuran(1∶1), 10 kinds of water-soluble sunscreen agents(22#−31#) were ultrasonically extracted by the mixed solution of methanol-tetrahydrofuran-water(2∶3∶5) from the samples. Agilent Zorbax SB C18(4.6 mm× 250 mm, 5 μm) column was used to separate cinoxate and other fat-soluble sunscreen agents(1#−20#), Agilent Zorbax SB C18(2.1 mm× 100 mm, 3.5 μm) column was used to separate polysiloxane-15(21 #) , Waters Symmetry C18(4.6 mm× 250 mm, 5 μm) column was used to separate 10 water-soluble sunscreen agents. Methanol-isopropanol-water, isopropanol-tetrahydrofuran-water, and methanol-acetonitrile-0.02 mol·L−1 ammonium acetate solution(add phosphoric acid to adjust pH to 5.0) were used as mobile phase in gradient elution respectively. The flow rates were 1.2, 0.5, 1.0 mL·min−1. The detection wavelengths were 358nm(7 #, 11 #) , 295 nm(23#−25#, 27#−31#), 311 nm(other components). The injection volumes were 5 µL(polysiloxane-15) and 10 µL(other component), the column temperature was set at 30℃. RESULTS The linear relationships(r>0.9999) of 31 sunscreen agents were good in corresponding concentration range. The limit of detection were in the range of 0.002%−0.02%. The recoveries of two substrates at three different supplemental levels ranged from 92.4% to 110.3%, with the RSDs of 0.02%−4.5%. Forty batches of domestic and imported sunscreen cosmetics were determined by this method, 17 kinds of approved sunscreen agents were detected, of which polysiloxane-15 were detected in 10 batches of samples. By comparing with the current method in Safety and Technical Standards for Cosmetics(2015 edition) , it was found that the extraction efficiency of fat-soluble sunscreen agents was superior to the current method, the stability of drometrizole trisiloxan was improved, cinoxate, polysiloxane-15 and other 7 kinds of sunscreens were added. CONCLUSION This method is accurate, sensitive and reliable, which can be used for the detection and analysis of sunscreen in sunscreen cosmetics.

Objective To explore the professionalization model of nursing management team in an international medical center in a provincial public tertiary hospital.Methods Through literature research and Delphi method,a three-person nursing management team was established respectively in three nursing units:outpatient,first-ward,and second-ward of the center,and then trained professionally to define management boundaries and responsibilities.The training effect was verified by applying the professionalization management in the international medical center.The three nursing teams(nine nurses totally)were compared in terms of leadership,patient satisfaction,and nursing discipline construction before and after the training.Results Following the training,the three teams all exhibited a significant improvement in leadership as well as its dimensions(P＜0.05),and pa-tient satisfaction(P＜0.05).Additionally,care quality,scientific research capacity,and innovation ability were all elevated across the three groups.Conclusion The establishment of a nursing management team and performance of professional training can effectively promote the concept of professionalization management,improve the leadership of nurses,cultivate talent eche-lons,drive the overall development of disciplines and teams,and expand the connotation of nursing culture.For all these bene-fits,this model is suitable for promotion and application among clinical departments.

Objective To investigate the safety and efficacy of sodium fluorescein-guided microsurgery in children with medulloblastoma,and to analyze the surgical efficacy and prognosis.Among them,12 cases underwent unilateral telovelar approach,2 cases underwent bilateral telovelar approach,and 6 cases underwent telovelar approach combined with transvermian approach.The intraoperative dose of sodium fluorescein was 2 mg/kg.Methods The clinical data of 20 patients with medulloblastoma treated with fluorescein sodium assisted microsurgery from January 2018 to August 2023 in Xinjiang Autonomous Region People's Hospital were retrospectively analyzed.Results Of the 20 patients,12 were male and 8 were female.The mean age of onset was(7.9±3.7)years.In all cases,there was clear tumor fluorescence,none of the cases had adverse reaction associated with the use of sodium fluorescein.There were 16 cases of gross-total resection,3 cases of near-total resection,1 case of partial resection,1 case of intracranial infection,2 case of subcutaneous effusion,2 cases of cerebellar mutism.The follow-up time was from 3 to 72 months.5 cases did not receive sufficient radiotherapy and chemotherapy,and 9 cases died due to tumor progression or recurrence.In all cases,the longest overall survival was 72 months,the mean survival time was 39.2 months,and the median survival time was 41.2 months.Conclusion Fluorescein sodium assisted microsurgery is safe and effective in pediatric medulloblastoma surgery.

Objective To investigate the modeling of Henoch-Sch?nlein purpura nephritis based on data mining,and to provide a reference for the preparation of a standardized Henoch-Sch?nlein purpura nephritis animal model.Methods We searched the CNKI,Wanfang Data,VIP,China Biomedical Literature Database,and PubMed Chinese-English Database by computer to obtain studies of animal experiments relating to Henoch-Sch?nlein purpura nephritis in the past 20 years.The species,modeling method,dosage,dosing cycle,modeling standards,and detection indexes were screened manually,and a database was established by using Microsoft Excel 2021 software for statistical analysis.The association rules of high-frequency indicators were analyzed using SPSS Modeler 18.0,and Cytoscape 3.6.1 was used to visually upgrade the association network diagram.Results A total of 106 articles that met the inclusion criteria were summarized.SD rats and KM mice were the mostly commonly used animal models of Henoch-Sch?nlein purpura nephritis and most studies used drug-induced models.Bovine serum albumin(BSA)+lipopolysaccharide(LPS)+carbon tetrachloride(CCl4)+castor oil,ovalbumin(OVA)+Freund's complete adjuvant,gliadin+Indian ink,and BSA+staphylococcal enterotoxin B(SEB)were used to produce the animal models,generally with cycles of 5～14 weeks.The standard of modeling was skin purpura and increased numbers of urine red blood cells.Proteinuria,glomerular mesangial hyperplasia in kidney tissue,and immune complex mainly composed of immunoglobulin A(IgA)deposited in small blood vessels indicated successful modeling.There were 36 medical indexes,including 23 indexes related to the kidney and urine and nine indexes related to blood.Among these,10 indexes,such as 24 h urine protein quantification,interleukin,renal pathology,urine red blood cell count,IgA,circulating immune complex and creatinine were used in≥10%of cases.Cluster analysis of high-frequency indicators showed that the comprehensive evaluation model of 24 h urinary protein quantification+interleukin+renal pathology+urinary red blood cell count+IgA was mostly used.Conclusions Most existing animal models of Henoch-Sch?nlein purpura nephritis have used male SD rats or female Kunming mice,and most models were induced by drugs.Among these,the method of stasis-heat syndrome combined with IgA nephropathy(disease-syndrome combination method)has the advantages of good repeatability and a high modeling rate,and may thus provide a reference for the selection of animal experimental models of Henoch-Sch?nlein purpura nephritis.

Objective To investigate the effects of galectin-3(Gal3)on skin abscess development and activation of mast cells(MC)in mice infected with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA).Methods Wild type mice and Gal3-knockout(Gal3-/-)mice,at 6～8 weeks of age,were divided into four groups:Wild type mice+PBS group,Wild type mice+MRSA group,Gal3-/-mice+PBS group,Gal3-/-mice+MRSA group,were subcutaneously injected with MRSA or the same volume of phosphate buffer saline,with five mice per group.The development and pathological changes of skin abscess were monitored and recorded.The bacterial load in skin tissues was compared,and the expression of associated cytokines,degranulation of MC,and the distribution of MC activation marker 5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT)were detected.Results The skin of Wild type mice showed progressive abscesses after subcutaneous infection with MRSA,but the Gal3-/-mice showed smaller abscess areas.Compared to the Wild type mice+MRSA group,the Gal3-/-mice+MRSA group showed lower bacterial loading in the skin tissues(P＜0.01)and fewer infiltrating inflammatory cells with histopathological observation.The expression of cytokines,including IL-1β,TNF-α,IL-33,TGF-β,and IL-10,were significantly lower in Gal3-/-mice than Wild type mice(P＜0.05).The toluidine blue staining showed a large number of degranulated MCs in the skin tissues of the wild type mice+MRSA group,whereas only a few degranulated MCs were observed in the Gal3-/-mice+MRSA group.It was further found that the expression of 5-HT in Gal3-/-mice+MRSA group was significantly lower than that in wild-type mice+MRSA group with immunohistochemical staining.Conclusion Gal3 deficiency reduced the activation and degranulation of mouse skin MC after MRSA infection,resulting in changes to inflammatory responses and alleviating the severity of skin tissue abscesses.

Acute high altitude disease (AHAD) is a general term for a series of clinical reactions that occur when the body fails to adapt to the low-pressure hypoxic environment of high altitudes. Mild cases can cause symptoms such as headache, nausea and vomiting, while more severe cases can lead to life-threatening conditions such as pulmonary edema, cerebral edema and other critical conditions that can be fatal. With the increasing demand for high altitudes deployment, understanding the common preventive measures of AHAD can reduce its morbidity or mortality to a certain extent, which is of great benefit to those who reside temporarily at high altitudes. In recent years, as people's health awareness has improved, there has been a growing attention towards non-pharmacological methods of disease prevention. At the same time, non-pharmacological therapy has significant therapeutic effects in preventing and treating high-altitude diseases, which has attracted the attention of researchers in this field. This review summarizes the major non-pharmacological preventive components of modern medicine and outlines the current non-pharmacological approaches to AHAD from the perspective of traditional Chinese medicine, intending to serve clinical purposes and improve the onset and prognosis of AHAD.