Objective To compare the efficacy of tegoprazan and esomeprazole in treatment of reflux esophagitis(RE)and analyze the influencing factors for treatment failure.Methods A total of 120 RE patients were selected as study subjects and divided into control group(treated with esome-prazole)and observation group(treated with tegoprazan)using random number table method,with 60 cases in each group.The clinical efficacy and gastroscopic efficacy of the two groups were com-pared.Based on the gastroscopic assessment results,the patients were divided into failure group(26 cases)and success group(94 cases).The clinical data of the failure group and the success group were collected and compared.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to screen the influen-cing factors for treatment failure in RE patients.Results The total clinical effective rate in the ob-servation group was 93.33％(56/60),which was higher than 76.67％(46/60)in the control group(P＜0.05).The total effective rate under gastroscopy in the observation group was 88.33％(53/60),which was higher than 68.33％(41/60)in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).The proportions of patients with body mass index(BMI)＞28 kg/m2,diabe-tes,a family history,Helicobacter pylori(Hp)infection,Los Angeles classification(LA classifica-tion)of gastroesophageal reflux disease(GERD)grade C to D,and treated with esomeprazole in the failure group were all higher than those in the success group,and the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that BMI＞28 kg/m2,con-comitant diabetes,LA classification grade C to D,and treatment with esomeprazole were all inde-pendent risk factors for treatment failure in RE patients(P＜0.05).Conclusion Tegoprazan has a significant clinical effect in treatment of RE,and its efficacy is superior to that of esomeprazole.BMI＞28 kg/m2,concomitant diabetes,LA classification grade C to D,and treatment with esome-prazole are all risk factors for treatment failure in RE patients.

Objective To explore the impact of integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine on the overall survival(OS)of patients with biliary tract carcinoma(BTC),and to analyze the related factors affecting the OS of patients with BTC,so as to provide accurate prognosis assessment for clinical diagnosis and treatment.Methods The medical records of 198 patients with BTC in Henan Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from February 2018 to October 2023 were retrospectively analyzed.The Cox proportional hazards model was utilized to analyze the independent prognostic factors affecting the OS of BTC patients.Survival curves were constructed using the Kaplan-Meier method,and the Log-rank test was employed to compare median OS differences among various groups.Results A total of 116 patients with BTC were included.There were 59 cases(50.86％)in the Western medicine group,with a median OS of(14±2.77)months,and the 1-,2-and 3-year OS rates were 81.36％,61.02％and 46.11％,respectively.There were 57 cases(49.14％)in the integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine group,with a median OS of(29±3.91)months,and the 1-,2-and 3-year OS rates were 82.32％,67.64％and 58.00％,respectively.There was a statistically significant difference in survival time between the two groups(P=0.038).Univariate analysis indicated that age,clinical stage,surgical treatment,chemotherapy,targeted therapy,local therapy and integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine were significantly correlated with OS in BTC patients(all P＜0.05).Multivariate analysis revealed that age,clinical stage,surgical treatment,chemotherapy,targeted therapy,local therapy,and integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine had significant effects on the OS of patients with BTC(all P＜0.05).Conclusion The median OS of the traditional Chinese and Western medicine groups was significantly longer than that of the Western medicine group,and the long-term OS rate of the patients was significantly better than that of the Western medicine group.Age,clinical stage,surgery,chemotherapy,targeted therapy,local therapy,and integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine are independent prognostic factors affecting OS in patients with BTC.

The incidence,disability and mortality of nervous system diseases have risen sharply worldwide.At present,the pathogenesis and mechanism of nervous system diseases have not been clarified.Tongqiao Huoxue Decoction in Yi Lin Gai Cuo has the effects of promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis,dredging orifices and activating collaterals.This article reviewed the clinical trials and basic research of Tongluo Huoxue Decoction and its modified prescriptions in the treatment of neurological diseases in recent years.It showed that this prescription is often used in the treatment of blood stasis syndrome at the brain orifices,which has a significant effect on improving brain function and treating a variety of intractable diseases related to brain nerves;its pharmacological mechanisms involve regulating neurotransmitters,restoring nerve function,inhibiting oxidative stress along with inflammatory responses,optimizing hemodynamics and blood rheology retarding vascular remodeling,and promoting angiogenesis.

Objective To explore the impact of integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine on the overall survival(OS)of patients with biliary tract carcinoma(BTC),and to analyze the related factors affecting the OS of patients with BTC,so as to provide accurate prognosis assessment for clinical diagnosis and treatment.Methods The medical records of 198 patients with BTC in Henan Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from February 2018 to October 2023 were retrospectively analyzed.The Cox proportional hazards model was utilized to analyze the independent prognostic factors affecting the OS of BTC patients.Survival curves were constructed using the Kaplan-Meier method,and the Log-rank test was employed to compare median OS differences among various groups.Results A total of 116 patients with BTC were included.There were 59 cases(50.86％)in the Western medicine group,with a median OS of(14±2.77)months,and the 1-,2-and 3-year OS rates were 81.36％,61.02％and 46.11％,respectively.There were 57 cases(49.14％)in the integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine group,with a median OS of(29±3.91)months,and the 1-,2-and 3-year OS rates were 82.32％,67.64％and 58.00％,respectively.There was a statistically significant difference in survival time between the two groups(P=0.038).Univariate analysis indicated that age,clinical stage,surgical treatment,chemotherapy,targeted therapy,local therapy and integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine were significantly correlated with OS in BTC patients(all P＜0.05).Multivariate analysis revealed that age,clinical stage,surgical treatment,chemotherapy,targeted therapy,local therapy,and integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine had significant effects on the OS of patients with BTC(all P＜0.05).Conclusion The median OS of the traditional Chinese and Western medicine groups was significantly longer than that of the Western medicine group,and the long-term OS rate of the patients was significantly better than that of the Western medicine group.Age,clinical stage,surgery,chemotherapy,targeted therapy,local therapy,and integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine are independent prognostic factors affecting OS in patients with BTC.

The incidence,disability and mortality of nervous system diseases have risen sharply worldwide.At present,the pathogenesis and mechanism of nervous system diseases have not been clarified.Tongqiao Huoxue Decoction in Yi Lin Gai Cuo has the effects of promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis,dredging orifices and activating collaterals.This article reviewed the clinical trials and basic research of Tongluo Huoxue Decoction and its modified prescriptions in the treatment of neurological diseases in recent years.It showed that this prescription is often used in the treatment of blood stasis syndrome at the brain orifices,which has a significant effect on improving brain function and treating a variety of intractable diseases related to brain nerves;its pharmacological mechanisms involve regulating neurotransmitters,restoring nerve function,inhibiting oxidative stress along with inflammatory responses,optimizing hemodynamics and blood rheology retarding vascular remodeling,and promoting angiogenesis.

The Ehlers-Danlos syndrome(EDS)is a rare inherent connective tissue disorder.The prev-alence of EDS in the population is estimated at one out of ten thousand to one out of a hundred thousand.The vascular EDS(vEDS)are rare among the subtypes but are the worst in prognosis.The article reports a case of vEDS admitted to the hospital.The patient was a young man complaining of a sudden onset of aphasia in right hemiparalysis and severe left abdominal pain for unknown reasons.The diagnosis was made after the genetic testing.The patient suffered from vEDS.Then,the multi-disciplinary team(MDT)made a treatment plan tailored to this young patient.The complexity in classification and delusive presentations of the EDS make the correct diagnosis very challenging.This article hopes to report this case and to share the experiences to the bet-ter understanding of this disease.

As an adjuvant alternative therapy， phototherapy is widely used for early diagnosis and late treatment of breast cancer due to its non-invasive treatment characteristics. But the application of phototherapeutic agents has been limited in the clinic due to poor hydrophobicity and tissue targeting， low photostability， and obvious toxic side effects in vivo. With the development of nanotechnology， new composite nano-phototherapy agents have emerged. This paper summarizes the latest developments and findings of new composite nano-phototherapy agents for phototherapy in the field of breast cancer treatment in the past 5 years. With the development of multifunctional nanomaterials in the field of breast cancer imaging diagnosis and treatment， the modified phototherapy agent achieved further development respectively from improving light response to improve the light thermal conversion or increasing the generation of reactive oxygen species， targeting tumor microenvironment， immune cells and cancer cell surface receptors to achieve drug controllable response release， using biomimetic materials and endogenous substances to improve biocompatibility. Although phototherapeutic agents exhibit high cell-killing rates in the treatment of metastatic breast cancer models and effectively inhibit their recurrence and metastasis， problems remain regarding the safety and compatibility of synergistic therapy. Future studies can not only improve the existing effects of phototherapeutic agents， but also develop oral drugs with more convenient routes based on immunotherapy to amplify the immune response and resist breast cancer through multiple routes.

Objective:To compare the clinical effects of percutaneous curved vertebroplasty (PCVP) and unilateral percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) in the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture (OVCF).Methods:A retrospective cohort study was used to analyze the clinical data of 104 patients with single vertebral OVCF treated in Tianjin Hospital from September 2019 to September 2020, including 21 males and 83 females; aged 50-91 years [(70.3±7.7)years]. AO classification of the fracture was type A1 in 65 patients and type A2 in 39. The patients received PCVP (PCVP group, n=51) or unilateral PKP surgery (unilateral PKP group, n=53). The operation time, bone cement injection volume, intraoperative fluoroscopy frequency, effective dispersion times of bone cement and excellent rate of bone cement distribution were compared between the two groups. In evaluation of the therapeutic effects of the two groups, visual analogue scale (VAS) and Oswestry dysfunction index (ODI) were measured preoperatively and at postoperative 24 hours, 3 months and 6 months; Beck index was measured preoperatively and at postoperative 24 hours and 3 months. The rate of bone cement leakage and rate of refracture of adjacent vertebral bodies were compared between the two groups. Results:All patients were followed up for 6-8 months [(6.4±0.7)months]. The operation time, bone cement injection volume and intraoperative fluoroscopy frequency in PCVP group was (12.15±1.63)minutes, (2.13±0.28)ml and (24.74±1.71)times, shorter or less than (22.09±1.62)minutes, (5.30±0.52)ml and (30.09±1.86)times in unilateral PKP group (all P<0.01). The effective dispersion times of bone cement in PCVP group was (1.42±0.04)times, higher than (1.18±0.02)times in unilateral PKP group ( P<0.01). The excellent rate of bone cement distribution in PCVP group was 94%, higher than 70% in unilateral PKP group ( P<0.01). There were no significant differences in VAS, ODI and Beck index between the two groups before operation and at 24 hours and 3 months after operation (all P>0.05). VAS and ODI in PCVP group were (1.20±0.49)points and 16.52±5.22 at 6 months after operation, lower than (1.49±0.58)points and 20.16±5.16 in unilateral PKP group (all P<0.01). VAS and ODI in the two groups were significantly improved at 24 hours, 3 months and 6 months after operation when compared with those before operation (all P<0.05). Beck index in the two groups detected at 24 hours and 3 months after operation was improved from that before operation (all P<0.05). Unilateral PKP group showed Beck index was 0.75±0.07 at 3 months after operation, significantly lower than 0.79±0.07 at 24 hours after operation ( P<0.05), but there was no significant change in PCVP group ( P>0.05). The leakage rate of bone cement in PCVP group was 16% (8/51), lower than 47% (25/53) in unilateral PKP group ( P<0.01). There was no significant difference in the incidence of refracture of adjacent vertebral bodies between the two groups during follow-up ( P>0.05). Conclusion:For OVCF, PCVP is superior to unilateral PKP in terms of operation time, amount of bone cement injection, intraoperative fluoroscopy frequency, dispersion effect of bone cement in vertebral body, pain, function improvement, maintenance of injured vertebral height and incidence of bone cement leakage.

OBJECTIVE To analyze the current status and research hot spots of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）in the prevention and treatment of myocardial ischemia -reperfusion injury （MIRI），and to provide reference for developing relevant studies. METHODS A bibliometric analysis was performed with the literature on TCM treatments for MIRI included in the Web of Science as the data source . RESULTS A total of 972 literatures were included in this study . The research on TCM for prevention and treatment of MIRI in recent 10 years showed an increasing trend year by year ，and the literature published in 2021 were cited most frequently ；most research scholars focused in China ；Peking Union Medical College ，Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences had the most papers in this field ，and a lot of collaboration with other institutions ，which had a large influence in the field ；Sun Guibo and Sun Xiaobo were high -yielding authors in the field ，but the global authorship was not very close and had not formed cooperative teams of some scale ；Molecular Medicine Reports was perhaps the most popular journal in the field . Co-citation analysis found that the research direction in this field was mostly focused on exploring the pathogenesis of MIRI and finding intervention targets . Key words analysis revealed that TCM regulated apoptosis ， pyroptosis， mitochondrial dysfunction ， miRNA and other pathways to improve MIRI research was a hot spot in the field ，and more studies had focused on the Nrf 2 pathway，NF-κB pathway ，NLRP3 inflammasomepathway， TNF pathway ， SIRT3 pathway， JNK pathway ，PI3K/Akt pathway and AMPK pathway . CONCLUSIONS Much attention has been paid to the prevention and treatment of MIRI by TCM in the past 10 years，and the current hot spots in this field are mostly focused on the studies about the intervention mechanism of TCM ’s active ingredients and Chinese patent medicines on MIRI . Moreover，the research about TCM in the treatment of MIRI is mostly focused on the field of basic experiments at present ，and it is recommended that many large -scale，high-quality， multicenter，randomized controlled clinical studies should be carried out in the future ，to provide high -grade evidence -based evidence for the application of TCM in clinic .

Pre-testing preparation is the basis and starting point of genetic testing.The process includes collection of clinical information,formulation of testing scheme,genetic counseling before testing,and completion of informed consent and testing authorization.To effectively identify genetic diseases in clinics can greatly improve the diagnostic rate of next generation sequencing (NGS),thereby reducing medical cost and improving clinical efficacy.The analysis of NGS results relies,to a large extent,on the understanding of genotype-phenotype correlations,therefore it is particularly important to collect and evaluate clinical phenotypes and describe them in uniform standard terms.Different types of genetic diseases or mutations may require specific testing techniques,which can yield twice the result with half the effort.Pre-testing genetic counseling can help patients and their families to understand the significance of relevant genetic testing,formulate individualized testing strategies,and lay a foundation for follow-up.