The C 2-C 7 sagittal vertical axis (SVA) is an essential biomechanical parameter for evaluating cervical spine alignment, and it is integral to the pathogenesis, progression, and prognosis of cervical spine disorders. This parameter is widely used in evaluating cervical sagittal balance and functional status. Internationally, a C 2-C 7 SVA of less than 25 mm is considered within the cervical range for sagittal balance, while values exceeding 40 mm indicate cervical sagittal imbalance or deformity. An increased C 2-C 7 SVA disrupts cervical spine biomechanics, leading to heightened static and dynamic loads on the cervical musculature. This, in turn, results in muscle fatigue and discomfort. In the short term, patients may experience axial neck symptoms, while a sustained elevation in SVA over time significantly raises the risk of cervical disc degeneration, radiculopathy, and myelopathy. Additionally, a higher C 2-C 7 SVA postoperatively places excessive stress on adjacent spinal segments, which can accelerate degeneration of intervertebral discs and facet joints, contributing to adjacent segment degeneration. Both short-term and long-term postoperative evaluations have shown that an increase in C 2-C 7 SVA is typically associated with poorer surgical outcomes, whereas effective control of SVA values is closely linked to better functional recovery. Therefore, in clinical practice, maintaining C 2-C 7 SVA within the normal range (<25 mm) is critical not only for optimizing treatment results but also for significantly reducing postoperative complications and improving overall patient quality of life.

Objective To investigate the gene expression profile of cervical exfoliated cells from woman treated by artificial cycle,and their potential association with endometrial receptivity in order to screen specific biomarkers closely related to the receptivity.Methods A total of 19 female patients were enrolled from those preparing for frozen embryo transfer(FET)at the Reproductive Center of First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital from February 2024 to October 2024.Under the artificial cycle frozen embryo transfer protocol,the endometrial tissues were collected on the 4th day after progesterone administration(P+4)to verify their endometrial receptivity status.Additionally,cervical exfoliated cells were collected on the 4th day(P+4)and the 6th day(P+6)after progesterone administration.RNA sequencing(RNA-Seq)was used to detect gene expression profiles.Differentially expressed genes(DEGs)were identified using the criteria of|log2fold change|＞1 and a false discovery rate(FDR)＜0.05,followed by bioinformatics analysis.The protein-protein interaction(PPI)network of DEGs was constructed using R software(4.4.1)and analyzed with gene ontology(GO)and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes(KEGG)analyses.The candidate genes were identified based on the PPI network using Cytoscape software.Quantitative reverse transcription PCR(RT-qPCR)was employed to validate the target candidate genes both in vitro and in vivo.Results The rsERT confirmed that all 19 women were in state of endometrial receptivity at P+6.RNA-Seq identified 3 458 DEGs in cervical exfoliated cells between P+4 and P+6.The up-regulated DEGs were mainly enriched in the pathways associated with immune response and cell differentiation,and the down-regulated ones were mainly enriched in the pathways associated with lipid metabolism and cell proliferation.Using maximal clique Centrality(MCC)algorithm in the PPI network,the top 20 genes were selected.Among them,6 genes,such as IFIT2,OASL,MX1,RSAD2,IFIT1 and IFIT3,tied for the first place,and the 6 genes all belong to interferon-stimulated genes(ISGs).qRT-PCR indicated that the above 6 genes showed significantly higher expression levels in the cervical exfoliated cells at the P+4 stage than the cells at the P+6 stage(P＜0.05).Conclusion There are changes in the expression levels of the genes related to immunity and cytoskeleton remodeling in cervical exfoliated cells during the endometrial receptivity phase.The decrease in the expression of ISGs may serve as a potential biomarker for endometrial receptivity.

Objective:To construct a rat model of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)by choline-deficient high fat diet(CDHFD),and to observe the association between feeding cycle and antioxidant pathway.Methods:The study lasted 16 weeks and was divided into 4 cycles.Detection of pathological changes and expression of antioxidant enzymes in rats liver in different cycles.Results:The early stage of liver steatosis and inflammation in model rats was 2～4 weeks,non-alcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH)stage was 4～8 weeks,and liver fibrosis progression was 8～16 weeks.Mechanistic studies had shown that the expressions of antioxidant enzymes Nrf2,SOD and GSH-Px in the liver of NAFLD rats gradually decreased with the extension of the feeding cycle.Conclusion:Different modeling cycles can successfully induce the pathological changes of steatosis,inflammation and liver fibrosis in rat liver,and the pathological changes are time-dependent with the expressions of antioxidant enzymes.

The C 2-C 7 sagittal vertical axis (SVA) is an essential biomechanical parameter for evaluating cervical spine alignment, and it is integral to the pathogenesis, progression, and prognosis of cervical spine disorders. This parameter is widely used in evaluating cervical sagittal balance and functional status. Internationally, a C 2-C 7 SVA of less than 25 mm is considered within the cervical range for sagittal balance, while values exceeding 40 mm indicate cervical sagittal imbalance or deformity. An increased C 2-C 7 SVA disrupts cervical spine biomechanics, leading to heightened static and dynamic loads on the cervical musculature. This, in turn, results in muscle fatigue and discomfort. In the short term, patients may experience axial neck symptoms, while a sustained elevation in SVA over time significantly raises the risk of cervical disc degeneration, radiculopathy, and myelopathy. Additionally, a higher C 2-C 7 SVA postoperatively places excessive stress on adjacent spinal segments, which can accelerate degeneration of intervertebral discs and facet joints, contributing to adjacent segment degeneration. Both short-term and long-term postoperative evaluations have shown that an increase in C 2-C 7 SVA is typically associated with poorer surgical outcomes, whereas effective control of SVA values is closely linked to better functional recovery. Therefore, in clinical practice, maintaining C 2-C 7 SVA within the normal range (<25 mm) is critical not only for optimizing treatment results but also for significantly reducing postoperative complications and improving overall patient quality of life.

Objective:To construct a rat model of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)by choline-deficient high fat diet(CDHFD),and to observe the association between feeding cycle and antioxidant pathway.Methods:The study lasted 16 weeks and was divided into 4 cycles.Detection of pathological changes and expression of antioxidant enzymes in rats liver in different cycles.Results:The early stage of liver steatosis and inflammation in model rats was 2～4 weeks,non-alcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH)stage was 4～8 weeks,and liver fibrosis progression was 8～16 weeks.Mechanistic studies had shown that the expressions of antioxidant enzymes Nrf2,SOD and GSH-Px in the liver of NAFLD rats gradually decreased with the extension of the feeding cycle.Conclusion:Different modeling cycles can successfully induce the pathological changes of steatosis,inflammation and liver fibrosis in rat liver,and the pathological changes are time-dependent with the expressions of antioxidant enzymes.

Bioactive glass (BG) has been widely used in the preparation of artificial bone scaffolds due to its excellent biological properties and non-cytotoxicity, which can promote bone and soft tissue regeneration. However, due to the brittleness, poor mechanical strength, easy agglomeration and uncontrollable structure of glass material, its application in various fields is limited. In this regard, most current researches mainly focus on mixing BG with organic or inorganic materials by freeze-drying method, sol-gel method, etc., to improve its mechanical properties and brittleness, so as to increase its clinical application and expand its application field. This review introduces the combination of BG with natural organic materials, metallic materials and non-metallic materials, and demonstrates the latest technology and future prospects of BG composite materials through the development of scaffolds, injectable fillers, membranes, hydrogels and coatings. The previous studies show that the addition of BG improves the mechanical properties, biological activity and regeneration potential of the composites, and broadens the application of BG in the field of bone tissue engineering. By reviewing the recent BG researches on bone regeneration, the research potential of new materials is demonstrated, in order to provide a reference for future related research.
Bone Regeneration ; Bone and Bones ; Freeze Drying ; Glass ; Hydrogels

Objective:To investigate the status quo of stress response, self-care and job performance among nurses in emergency department, and to analyze whether self-care has a mediating effect between stress response and job performance.Methods:This was a cross-sectional survey. From February to April 2022, 467 emergency department nurses from 11 tertiary hospitals in Changsha were investigated and analyzed by using random cluster sampling method, general data questionnaire, Stress Response Questionnaire, Self-Compassion Scale and Nursing Performance Scale.Results:The total score of nurses′ Stress Response Questionnaire was (78.02 ± 26.78) points, the total score of Self-Compassion Scale was (81.75 ± 22.23) points, and the total score of Nursing Performance Scale was (74.05 ± 21.57) points. Stress response was negatively correlated with self-care and work performance ( r=-0.452, -0.572, both P<0.01), and self-care was positively correlated with work performance ( r=0.515, P<0.01). Self-care played a partial mediating role between stress response and job performance, accounting for 26.98% of the total effect. Conclusions:Self-care is an intermediary variable between emergency department nurses′ stress response and work performance. Nursing managers should pay attention to emergency department nurses′self-care and stress response levels, and evaluate them regularly in order to take timely intervention measures to improve their self care ability, reduce stress response, and improve work performance of emergency department nurses.

Objective To explore the somatotype characteristics and changing rules of Tajik adults. Methods The Heath-Carter bod)' type method was used to determine the body size of 280 (124 males and 156 females) Tajik adults. Results The average body size of Tajik males and females were 4. 3-3. 1-1. 8 and 7. 0-3. 1-1. 1, respectively, and both are mesomorphic endomorphy.The ectomorphy of Tajik nationality were negatively correlated with age, female endomorphy and mesomorphy were positively correlated with age, while endomorphy and mesomorphy were not correlated with age. With increasing age, the difference in body shape between female age groups was more obvious than that of males. Conclusion The Tajik have less skeletal muscle mass, and women have developed body fat, which is different from the Tibetan people and other people in the Altaic language family.

Objective:To establish the long-term trajectories of lung function in children with bronchial asthma (asthma) and explore the risk factors of persistent pulmonary dysfunction.Methods:A retrospective cohort study was conducted.Children with asthma aged above 14 years who had been followed up regularly and completed pulmonary function testing in Children′s Hospital of Capital Institute of Pediatrics were enrolled in the study from January to December 2019.Their lung function data and clinical information were collected.The latent class growth model (LCGM) was used to fit the change of lung function in children with asthma, and different trajectory groups were established.Comparison between groups was performed by t-test, ANOVA or Chi- square test.The risk factors for the lung function trajectory were analyzed by the multivariate Logistic regression method. Results:A total of 173 children with asthma, aged from 6 to 17, were enrolled, and 1 160 lung function tests were completed.Four forced expiratory volume in the first second/forced vital capacity (FEV 1/FVC) latent class trajectory groups were established, including persistent high level [27 cases (15.6%)], above average level [66 cases (38.1%)], below average level [66 cases (38.1%)], and persistent low level [14 cases (8.1%)]. In all the 4 different trajectory groups, the FEV 1/FVC values were significantly different among patients of different ages (all P<0.05). The FEV 1/FVC values of patients at all ages in the persistent high level group were above 90%.The FEV 1/FVC values of patients in other 3 level groups decreased as a whole as the age increased.FEV 1/FVC of patients in the persistent low level group decreased to below 80% when they entered the school age period and approached 70% in adolescence.The trajectory and fluctuation of maximal midexpiratory flow (MMEF), which represents the small airway function, were similar to those of FEV 1/FVC.Risk factor analysis showed that the risk of lung function decreasing below the average level in children with typical asthma was 11.940 times higher than that in children with cough variant asthma ( P=0.008). The risk of lung function deteriorating to below the average level in children with multiple allergen sensitivities was 7.462 times higher than that in children with single allergen sensitivity ( P=0.015). Children taking drugs irregularly were 6.337 times more likely to suffer persistent low lung function than children taking drugs regularly ( P=0.035). Boys were 6.186 times more likely to suffer a lung function reduction to below the average level than girls ( P=0.002). Conclusions:Four long-term trajectories of lung function in asthmatic children aged 6 to 17 years can be established: persistent high level, above average level, below average level and persistent low level.The long-term lung function of nearly a half of the asthmatic children is below the average level.Many children develop persistent airflow limitation in adolescence, and few at school age.Typical asthma, multiple allergen sensitivities, irregular medication and boy were the risk factors of long-term lung function reduction.

Recently, the incidence of infectious diseases continues to decline in many developed countries; however, the incidence of autoimmune diseases and allergic asthma appears a tendency towards a rise over years. “Hygiene hypothesis” provides new insights into the treatment of autoimmune disorders and allergic diseases based on parasitic infections. Increasing evidence shows that parasitic infections may effectively inhibit the development of diabetes, multiple sclerosis, inflammatory bowel disease, rheumatoid arthritis and allergic asthma. There are complex mechanisms underlying the relationship between parasitic infections and “hygiene hypothesis”, among which regulatory T (Treg) cells and Th17 cells are becoming a hot topic of research. This paper reviews the progresses in the research on the relationship between parasitic infections and “hygiene hypothesis”, and summarizes the roles of Treg cells and Th17 cells in the interplay between parasitic infections and “hygiene hypothesis”.