Objective To explore the role of resilience and stress in childhood maltreatment and adolescent depression and anxiety symptoms, and to provide a basis for adolescent psychological intervention. Methods From September to October 2022, a total of 11 217 students from four middle schools in Changsha were selected by multistage stratified sampling, and the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, Depression–Anxiety–Stress Scales and the Resilience Scale for Chinese Adolescents were used to carry out online questionnaire survey. Results The detection rate of depressive symptoms and anxiety symptoms in adolescent was 19.43% (2 179) and 28.7% (3 224). The direct effect of childhood maltreatment on depressive symptoms was significant (β =0.09), Childhood maltreatment is a negative prediction of resilience (β = -0.57) and a positive prediction of pressure (β =0.06); Resilience can negatively predict stress (β = -0.61) and depressive symptoms (β = -0.25) (all P values <0.001); The direct effect of childhood maltreatment on anxiety symptoms was significant (β =0.03), resilience negatively predicts anxiety symptoms (β = -0.08) (all P values <0.01). Resilience and stress have a partially mediating role between childhood maltreatment and depressive symptoms, the mediation effect value was 0.39, accounting for 81.25% of the total effect. The effect values of the three pathways accounted for 29.17%, 8.33% and 43.75% of the total effect, respectively. Resilience and stress have a partial mediating effect between childhood abuse and anxiety symptoms, and the mediating effect was 0.36, accounting for 92.31% of the total effect, and the effect values of the three pathways accounted for 12.82%, 10.26% and 69.23% of the total effect, respectively. Conclusion Childhood maltreatment could affect adolescents’ depression and anxiety through the chain mediating effect of resilience and stress.

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of mumps in Guangxi from 2012 to 2024, and to provide a scientific basis for formulating prevention and control strategies. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the incidence data of mumps in Guangxi from 2012 to 2024. Results A total of 159 873 mumps cases were reported from 2012 to 2024 in Guangxi, with an average annual reported incidence of 25.41/100 000, and no death. Mumps occurred every month, with the peak incidence mainly concentrated in April to July and October to January of the next year. There were 96,118 male cases (29.43 /100 000), and 63 755 female cases (21.07 /100 000). The male to female ratio was 1.40:1, and the difference between male and female was significant (χ²=4 321.276，P＜0.05). The annual incidence of mumps showed a certain periodic change, with the incidence peak and trough alternating every 4 - 5 years. The majority of patients were under 15 years old, accounting for 85.32% of the total number of cases. The patients mainly included students, preschool children and scattered children. The highest average incidence was in Nanning City with 40 231 cases (42.08/100 000), and the lowest was in Qinzhou City with 3 466 cases (8.16/100 000). From 2012 to 2024, a total of 210 mumps outbreaks with 4 483 cases were reported in Guangxi. Conclusion The incidence of mumps in Guangxi from 2012 to 2024 shows a periodic change and obvious seasonality. People under 15 years old are the key group at risk of mumps. The prevention and control of the epidemic of mumps in schools and kindergartens should be strengthened. It is suggested to carry out long-term monitoring of mumps as well as immune effect research, and continue to maintain a high vaccination rate of 2 doses of mumps-containing vaccines.

Testicular histology based on testicular biopsy is an important factor for determining appropriate testicular sperm extraction surgery and predicting sperm retrieval outcomes in patients with azoospermia. Therefore, we developed a deep learning (DL) model to establish the associations between testicular grayscale ultrasound images and testicular histology. We retrospectively included two-dimensional testicular grayscale ultrasound from patients with azoospermia (353 men with 4357 images between July 2017 and December 2021 in The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China) to develop a DL model. We obtained testicular histology during conventional testicular sperm extraction. Our DL model was trained based on ultrasound images or fusion data (ultrasound images fused with the corresponding testicular volume) to distinguish spermatozoa presence in pathology (SPP) and spermatozoa absence in pathology (SAP) and to classify maturation arrest (MA) and Sertoli cell-only syndrome (SCOS) in patients with SAP. Areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUCs), accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity were used to analyze model performance. DL based on images achieved an AUC of 0.922 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.908-0.935), a sensitivity of 80.9%, a specificity of 84.6%, and an accuracy of 83.5% in predicting SPP (including normal spermatogenesis and hypospermatogenesis) and SAP (including MA and SCOS). In the identification of SCOS and MA, DL on fusion data yielded better diagnostic performance with an AUC of 0.979 (95% CI: 0.969-0.989), a sensitivity of 89.7%, a specificity of 97.1%, and an accuracy of 92.1%. Our study provides a noninvasive method to predict testicular histology for patients with azoospermia, which would avoid unnecessary testicular biopsy.
Humans ; Male ; Azoospermia/diagnostic imaging* ; Deep Learning ; Testis/pathology* ; Retrospective Studies ; Adult ; Ultrasonography/methods* ; Sperm Retrieval ; Sertoli Cell-Only Syndrome/diagnostic imaging*

OBJECTIVES: To assess the preliminary efficacy and safety of a dose-intensified C5VD regimen (cisplatin, 5-fluorouracil, vincristine, and doxorubicin) in children with locally advanced hepatoblastoma. METHODS: This prospective study enrolled 24 children with newly diagnosed, locally advanced hepatoblastoma who received the dose-intensified C5VD regimen at Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, and Shanghai Children's Hospital between January 2020 and December 2023. Clinical characteristics, treatment outcomes, and chemotherapy-related toxicities were analyzed. RESULTS: Of the 24 patients, 13 were male and 11 were female, with a median age at diagnosis of 18.7 months (range: 3.5-79.4 months). All patients achieved complete macroscopic resection of hepatic lesions without liver transplantation. Serum alpha-fetoprotein levels decreased significantly after two chemotherapy cycles. During a median follow-up of 38.4 months (range: 15.8-50.7 months), all patients maintained continuous complete remission, with 3-year event-free survival and overall survival rates of 100%. Across 144 chemotherapy cycles, the incidence rates of grade 3-4 neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, and infections were 97%, 77%, and 71%, respectively; no treatment-related deaths occurred. Notably, 5 patients (21%) developed Brock grade ≥3 hearing loss, of whom 1 required a hearing aid. CONCLUSIONS The dose-intensified C5VD regimen demonstrates significant efficacy with an overall favorable safety profile in the treatment of newly diagnosed, locally advanced pediatric hepatoblastoma. Grade 3-4 myelosuppression and infection are the predominant toxicities. However, high‑dose cisplatin-induced ototoxicity remains a concern, highlighting the need for improved otoprotective strategies.
Humans ; Hepatoblastoma/pathology* ; Male ; Female ; Infant ; Liver Neoplasms/pathology* ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use* ; Child, Preschool ; Prospective Studies ; Doxorubicin/adverse effects* ; Child ; Cisplatin/adverse effects* ; Vincristine/adverse effects* ; Fluorouracil/adverse effects*

Hydroxyectoine, a vital compatible solute, is widely utilized in cosmetics, food, pharmaceutical industries, and biologics. However, the current microbial fermentation methods for hydroxyectoine production face challenges including insufficient precursor supply and low yields. Therefore, developing engineering microbial strains capable of efficiently synthesizing hydroxyectoine is of great significance. In this study, we first constructed a high-yield ectoine-producing strain ECT04 by multi-copy integration of the ectoine synthesis genes ectABC into the pseudogene loci of Escherichia coli MG1655(DE3), achieving an ectoine titer of 6.03 g/L. Subsequently, we employed plasmids with varying copy numbers to express ectD from Chromohalobacter salexigens to enable the conversion for hydroxyectoine production. We further investigated the effects of promoter, co-substrate ɑ-ketoglutarate, Fe²⁺ concentration, and dissolved oxygen on hydroxyectoine synthesis. Through fed-batch fermentation in a 7-L bioreactor, we significantly enhanced the hydroxyectoine production efficiency, attaining a final titer of 8.58 g/L and a productivity of 0.24 g/(L·h). This work successfully achieved the de novo synthesis of hydroxyectoine in E. coli, laying a foundation for the efficient bioproduction of this compound.
Escherichia coli/genetics* ; Fermentation ; Amino Acids, Diamino/biosynthesis* ; Bioreactors/microbiology* ; Metabolic Engineering/methods* ; Chromohalobacter/genetics* ; Plasmids/genetics*

Abstract In recent years, the prevalence of overweight and obesity among children and adolescents has risen rapidly, posing a serious threat to their physical and mental health. To provide scientific, systematic, and standardized weight management guidance for overweight and obese children and adolescents, the study focuses on the core concept of healthy lifestyle intervention, integrates multidisciplinary expert opinions and research findings,and proposes a comprehensive multidisciplinary intervention framework covering scientific exercise intervention, precise nutrition and diet, optimized sleep management, and standardized psychological support. It calls for the establishment of a multi agent collaborative management mechanism led by the government, implemented by families, fostered by schools, initiated by individuals, optimized by communities, reinforced by healthcare, and coordinated by multiple stakeholders. Emphasizing a child and adolescent centered approach, the consensus advocates for comprehensive, multi level, and personalized guidance strategies to promote the internalization and maintenance of a healthy lifestyle. It serves as a reference and provides recommendations for the effective prevention and control of overweight and obesity, and enhancing the health level of children and adolescents.

Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics of co-infection of Talaromyces marneffei(TM)and non-tuberculous Mycobacterium(NTM)in human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)-negative patients.Methods Clinical data of 8 HIV-negative patients with co-infection of TM and NTM in a hospital from 2019 to 2022 were co-llected.Clinical manifestations,auxiliary examination,treatment and prognosis were retrospectively analyzed.Results Among the 8 patients,5 were females and 3 were males,with an average age of(52.25±12.31)years old.All patients presented TM and NTM disseminated infection.The major involved organs were lung(100％),lymph nodes(87.5％),and skin(75.0％).Clinical symptoms mainly included cough and expectoration(87.5％),fatigue(62.5％),joint and lumbosacral pains(62.5％),fever(50.0％),as well as skin and soft tissue abscess(50.0％),etc.Anti-interferon-γ(INF-γ)autoantibodies were detected in 4 patients and the results were positive.All 8 patients(100％)had pulmonary lesions,with chest CT mainly showing spots,patches,and striped shadows in both lungs.Among them,7 cases(87.5％)had increased and enlarged mediastinal lymph nodes,4 cases(50.0％)had pleural thickening and pleural effusion,2 cases each(25.0％for each)were accompanied by pulmonary mass shadows,bronchial stenosis,as well as increased and enlarged hilar lymph nodes.One case each(12.5％for each)had pulmonary cavity formation,bronchiectasis,and pericardial effusion.Conclusion The co-infection of TM and NTM in non-HIV patients presents disseminated infection,with multiple clinical symptoms.Chest imaging shows a wide variety of pulmonary lesions.It is prone to miss diagnosis in clinic,and the effect is not ideal after treatment for single pathogen infection.

Objective To explore the pathophysiological molecular mechanism of the up-regulation of CircPDS5B level involved in premature birth.Methods The placental tissues of full-term infants(Group 1,gestational age≥37 weeks),late premature infants(Group 2,34 weeks≤gestational age<37 weeks),premature infants(Group 3,32 weeks

Objective:To establish an HPLC method to simultaneously determine the contents of 7 components, including Cardol triene, Cardol diene, (8'Z,11'Z,14'Z)-5-(Heptadeca-8',11',14'-trienyl)benzene-1,3-diol, Alkylresorcinol B, 5-(8'Z,11'Z-heptadecadienyl)-1,3-benzenediol, Adipostatin A, and 5-(11'Z-heptadecenyl)-resorcinol in Embelia laeta (L.) Mez. Methods:Chromatographic column was Arcus EP-C18(4.6 mm×250 mm, 5 μm); mobile phase was methanol-water (90∶10); column temperature was 25 ℃; flow rate was 1 ml/min; detection wavelength was 220 nm; the injection volume was 10 μl.Results:The 7 compounds in Embelia laeta (L.) Mez showed good linear relationships, which sample recovery rate ranges from 97.69%- 100.62%. The average contents of the 7 components from 9 origins were 3.099 9, 6.246 3, 9.942 8, 4.093 7, 2.180 3, 0.960 2, 1.855 9 mg/g. Conclusion:The established HPLC method for simultaneous determination of the contents of 7 components in Embelia laeta (L.) Mez is feasible, which can provide references for further development and utilization of Embelia laeta (L.) Mez.