OBJECTIVE: Posttraumatic embitterment disorder (PTED) is characterized by states of “embitterment”, characteristically similar to “Hwa-byung”, which is a Korean culture-bound syndrome. The present study aimed to assess diagnostic relationships between PTED and Hwa-byung. METHODS: A total of 290 participants completed our survey. PTED and Hwa-byung were diagnosed using a diagnostic interview and scale. Scales for depression, suicide ideation, and anger were used for evaluation. Fisher's exact tests and Mann-Whitney U tests were performed to evaluate diagnostic overlap between PTED and Hwa-byung, and associations of scale scores for depression, suicide ideation, and anger between the PTED, Hwa-byung, and non-diagnosed groups. Associations of these scales between the depressive and non-depressive groups, and suicidal and non-suicidal groups were also evaluated. RESULTS: Among the participants, 1.7% of the sample fit the diagnostic criteria for PTED and 2.1% fit the criteria for Hwa-byung. No individual fit the criteria for both. Anger scores were significantly higher in the Hwa-byung group than in the non-diagnostic group. There were not any significant differences in anger scores between the PTED and non-diagnostic groups. Depression scores were significantly higher in the PTED than in the non-diagnostic groups. In contrast, no significant differences were observed between depression scores in the Hwa-byung and non-diagnostic groups. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that PTED may be a disorder category that is distinct from Hwa-byung.
Anger ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Depression ; Ethnopsychology ; Humans ; Suicide ; Weights and Measures

Ultraviolet (UV) irradiation is a relevant environment factor to induce cellular senescence and photoaging. Both autophagy- and silent information regulator T1 (SIRT1)-dependent pathways are critical cellular processes of not only maintaining normal cellular functions, but also protecting cellular senescence in skin exposed to UV irradiation. In the present studies, we investigated whether modulation of autophagy induction using a novel synthetic SIRT1 activator, heptasodium hexacarboxymethyl dipeptide-12 (named as Aquatide), suppresses the UVB irradiation-induced skin aging. Treatment with Aquatide directly activates SIRT1 and stimulates autophagy induction in cultured human dermal fibroblasts. Next, we found that Aquatide-mediated activation of SIRT1 increases autophagy induction via deacetylation of forkhead box class O (FOXO) 1. Finally, UVB irradiation-induced cellular senescence measured by SA-β-gal staining was significantly decreased in cells treated with Aquatide in parallel to occurring SIRT1 activation-dependent autophagy. Together, Aquatide modulates autophagy through SIRT1 activation, contributing to suppression of skin aging caused by UV irradiation.
Autophagy ; Cell Aging* ; Fibroblasts ; Humans ; Skin ; Skin Aging

Quadriceps tendon rupture is an uncommon injury. This disabling condition is the result of direct or indirect trauma. It requires surgical repair to avoid poor outcomes in cases of neglected or chronic rupture. In most acute cases, simple tendon suture or reinsertion is suitable for an extensor mechanism reconstruction of the knee joint. However, chronic lesions often require a tendon graft or flap reconstruction. We report a case of a 15-year-old male who was diagnosed with a chronic quadriceps rupture with a patellar superior pole fracture. We performed quadriceps reconstruction using tibialis anterior allograft tendon and additional screw fixation to reconstruct the extensor mechanism and recover knee joint range of motion to prevent a high-level functional restriction. The treatment was difficult and limited due to neglect for 9-months that led to ankylosis accompanied with nonunion of tibial fracture. Our surgical treatment using allograft tendon resulted in a very good outcome after 30 months of follow-up.
Adolescent ; Allografts ; Ankylosis ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Knee Joint ; Knee ; Male ; Quadriceps Muscle ; Range of Motion, Articular ; Rupture ; Sutures ; Tendons ; Tibial Fractures ; Transplants

This study compared two-stent strategies for treatment of bifurcation lesions by stenting order, 'main across side first (A-family)' vs 'side branch first (S-family). The study population was patients from 16 centers in Korea who underwent drug eluting stent implantation with two-stent strategy (A-family:109, S-family:140 patients). The endpoints were cardiac death, myocardial infarction (MI), stent thrombosis (ST), and target lesion revascularization (TLR) during 3 years. During 440.8 person-years (median 20.2 months), there was 1 cardiac death, 4 MIs (including 2 STs), and 12 TLRs. Cumulative incidence of cardiac death, MI and ST was lower in A-family (0% in A-family vs 4.9% in S-family, P = 0.045). However, TLR rates were not different between the two groups (7.1% vs 6.2%, P = 0.682). Final kissing inflation (FKI) was a predictor of the hard-endpoint (hazard ratio 0.061; 95% CI 0.007-0.547, P = 0.013), but was not a predictor of TLR. The incidence of hard-endpoint of S-family with FKI was comparable to A-family, whereas S-family without FKI showed the poorest prognosis (1.1% vs 15.9%, retrospectively; P = 0.011). In conclusion, 'A-family' seems preferable to 'S-family' if both approaches are feasible. When two-stent strategy is used, every effort should be made to perform FKI, especially in 'S-family'.
Aged ; Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary/*methods ; Coronary Stenosis/surgery/*therapy ; Death, Sudden, Cardiac/etiology ; *Drug-Eluting Stents ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myocardial Infarction/etiology ; Myocardial Revascularization ; Thrombosis/etiology

PURPOSE: If bone grafts and guided tissue regeneration are effective individually in treating osseous defects, then the question is, what would happen when they are combined. Bone grafts using Calcium Carbonate(Biocoral) and Guided Tissue Regeneration using Calcium Sulfate(CALMATRIX) will maximize their advantages and show the best clinical results in intrabony defects. This study was to compare the effects of a combination of CS and CC with control treated only with modified widman flap in a periodontal repair of intrabony defects. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 30 patients with chronic periodontitis were used in this study. 10 patients were treated with a combination of CS and CC as the experimental groupII and another 10 patients were treated with CC as the experimental groupI, and the remaining 10 patients, the control group were treated only with modified widman flap. Clinical parameters including probing depth, gingival recession, bone probing depth and loss of attachment were recorded 6 months later. RESULTS: The probing depth changes were 3.30+/-1.34 mm in the control group, 4.2+/-1.55 mm in the experimental groupI(CC) and 5.00+/-1.33 mm in the experimental groupII(CS+CC). They all showed a significant decrease 6 months after surgery(p <0.01). There was a significant difference(p <0.05) between the control and experimental group. However there were no significant difference(p <0.05) between the experimental groupIand II. The gingival recession changes w -1.30+/-1.25 mm in the control group, This is a significant difference(p <0.01). However, there was a -0.50+/-0.53 mm change in the experimental groupI(CC) and -0.60+/-0.97 mm in the experimental groupII(CS+CC). In addition, in terms of gingival recession, there was a no significance difference(p <0.05) among the groups. The clinical attachment level changes were 2.00+/-1.33 mm in the control group, 3.60+/-1.58 mm in the experimental groupI(CC) and 4.40+/-1.17 mm in the experimental groupII(CS+CC). They all showed a significant decrease 6 months after surgery(p <0.01). There was a significant difference(p <0.05) between the control and experimental group. However there was a no significance difference(p <0.05) between the experimental groupI andII. The bone probing depth changes were 0.60+/-0.52 mm in the control group, 3.20+/-1.48 mm in the experimental groupI (CC) and 4.60+/-1.43 mm in the experimental groupII(CS+CC). All of them showed a significant decrease 6 months after surgery(p <0.01), there was a significance difference(p <0.05) among the groups. CONCLUSION: Treatment using a combination of CS and CC have a potential to improve periodontal parameters in intrabony defects and More efficient clinical results can be expected in intrabony defects less than 2 walls grafted with CS and CC.
Calcium ; Calcium Carbonate ; Calcium Sulfate ; Chronic Periodontitis ; Gingival Recession ; Guided Tissue Regeneration ; Humans ; Transplants

Lactic acidosis commonly occurs in association with shock. We encountered lactic acidosis in a patient with normal blood pressure. The patient was a 17 year-old man with acute lymphocytic leukemia. He was admitted for bone marrow transplantation. During hospitalization, he relied on total parenteral nutrition due to his poor oral intake. On the 37th day after admission, he developed lactic acidosis without an episode of hypotension or any causative medication. Because vitamins were not included in the parenteral nutrition, we prescribed thiamine replacement, and this corrected the acidosis within a few hours. Thiamine (in its active derivative) is a coenzyme for pyruvate dehydrogenase; thus, its deficiency causes accumulation of pyruvate and lactate. This case suggests that thiamine deficiency should be included in a differential diagnosis of lactic acidosis in patients who are on total parenteral nutrition without vitamin supplementation.
Acidosis ; Acidosis, Lactic* ; Adolescent ; Blood Pressure ; Bone Marrow Transplantation ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Hypotension ; Lactic Acid ; Oxidoreductases ; Parenteral Nutrition ; Parenteral Nutrition, Total ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma ; Pyruvic Acid ; Shock ; Thiamine Deficiency* ; Thiamine* ; Vitamins

PURPOSE: Various bone graft materials are being used for periodontal tissue regeneration.Th materials are being developed continuously for ideal clinical effects. Therefore, it is necessary to identify the clinical characteristics of each bone graft material through comparing the various bone graft materials statistically and in doing so, proposing a more efficient bone graft material. In this study, the following results were attained through comparing the clinical effects among the bone graft materials, using the statistical method based on the clinical studies published at the department of periodontology of Yonsei hospital. MATERIALS AND METHOD: 6 selected studies of department of Periodontology at Yonsei University Hospital were based on clinical study of bone grafting in intrabony defects. It was compared the clinical parameters among the 6 clinical studies, using the statistical META analysis. RESULT: When comparing the probing depth reduction, there was a relatively great amount of decrease when using the xenograft, Anorganic Bovine Derived Hydroxapatite Bone Matrix/Cell Binding Peptide(ABM/P-15: PepGen P-15(R)) and the autogenous bone and absorbable membrane, d,l-alctide/glycolide copolymer(GC: Biomesh(R)). The allogfrafts showed a relatively low decrease in the probing depth and clinical attachment change. It also showed a slight decrease in the bone probing depth. The allografts showed various results according to different bone graft materials. When comparing the ABM/P-15 and bovine bone powder(BBP(R)), ABM/P-15 showed a relatively high clinical attachment level and the bovine bone powder showed a relatively high clinical attachment level. The probing depth change and gingival recession change showed a lower value than the mean value between the two bone graft materials. The synthetic bone showed a relatively high decrease in clinical attachment level and periodontal probing depth change. There was a relatively larger amount of gingival recession when using Bioactive Glass(BG) but a relatively low bone regeneration effect was seen. CONCLUSION: Good restorative results of the periodontal tissue can be attained by applying the various bone graft materials being used today after identifying the accurate clinical effects.
Allografts ; Alveolar Bone Loss ; Bone Regeneration ; Bone Transplantation ; Gingival Recession ; Heterografts ; Membranes ; Transplants*

With the rapid development of MS technologiesy, the demands for a more sophisticated MS interpretation algorithm haves grown as well. We have developed a new protein fingerprinting method using a binomial distribution, (fBIND). With the fBIND, we improved the performance accuracy of protein fingerprinting up to the maximum 49% (more than MOWSE) and 2% than(at a previous binomial distribution approach studied by of Wool et al.) as compared to the established algorithms. Moreover, we also suggest a the statistical approach to define the significance of transcription factors and motifs in the identified proteins based on the Gene Ontology (GO).
Binomial Distribution ; Fungal Proteins* ; Gene Ontology ; Peptide Mapping ; Transcription Factors* ; Wool ; Yeasts*

The purpose of this study was to evaluate cumulative survival rate (CSR, %) of mandibular posterior single tooth implants replaced with ITI SLA (sand-blasted, large-grit, acid-etched) implant system and compare the CSR between first and second molar. The findings from the results were as follows; 1. Total of 158 implants were inserted into 147 patients. 68 patients were males, 79 patients were females and their mean age was 47.8 years. 98 implants were placed in first molar area and 60 implants were placed in second molar area. In terms of diameter, implants with wide diameter over 4.8mm dominated (91.1%). Implants with length over 10mm were used (96.2%). 2. In the two cases, there was a slight transient numbness which recovered within 1-2 months. Nine SynOcta screw type abutments demonstrated screw loosening. There were ten cases of crown fallen-out from decementation. 3. Only one failed out of 158 implants. The CSR was 99.4%. The CSRs for first molar and second molar were 99% and 100%, respectively. From the results, it was concluded that single tooth replacement implant in the mandibular posterior area, might be considered as the effective treatment modality comparable to the conventional crown and bridge.
Crowns ; Dental Implants, Single-Tooth ; Female ; Humans ; Hypesthesia ; Male ; Molar ; Retrospective Studies* ; Survival Rate ; Tooth*

OBJECTIVES: After the investigation of one worker with occupational asthma, we surveyed the prevalence of occupational asthma and the exposure level of pharmaceutical dust of 32 workers in a pharmaceutical company. METHODS: Thirty-two of the 90 employees participated in the survey which consisted of questionnaire, blood sampling, spirometry and skin prick tests with 8 common allergens as well as 9 antibiotics and 2 enzymes. Various indices of the working environment were also measured. Subjects who had a symptom suggestive of work-related asthma or positive skin prick test were further investigated by PC20 methacholine. Nine subjects who had a PC20 result of 16 mg/ml or less (n=7) or had work-related symptoms and positive skin prick test (n=2) were referred to undergo a specific bronchial provocation test to pharmaceutical dust in an academic allergic disease center. RESULTS: Eleven of 32 workers (34.4%) had a work-related symptom suggestive of occupational asthma. Ten (31.2%) showed positive skin prick test. 8 (25.0%) had a PC20 result of 16 mg/ml or less (indicative of significant bronchial hyperresponsiveness), and 5 (15.6%) had a positive result on the specific bronchial provocation test. Exposure levels of stuffing, input of raw materials and screening process were relatively high. CONCLUSIONS: This survey showed that pharmaceutical workers have an increased risk of occupational asthma. Although pharmaceutical factories maintain a relatively good working environment, careful control of respiratory tract exposures, especially during stuffing, input of raw materials and screening process, is important to prevent occupational asthma. Pharmaceutical workers need to undergo regular skin prick and methacholine bronchial provocation tests, as well as asthmatic symptom survey, to ensure the early detection and prevention of occupational asthma.
Allergens ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Asthma ; Asthma, Occupational* ; Bronchial Provocation Tests ; Dust* ; Mass Screening ; Methacholine Chloride ; Prevalence* ; Questionnaires ; Respiratory System ; Skin ; Spirometry