Background: Postoperative liver regeneration is essential for maintaining hepatic function. This study evaluated the rate, determinants, and volumetric patterns of early liver regeneration after hemihepatectomy. Methods: A retrospective review was conducted of 50 patients who underwent right or left hemihepatectomy between April 2019 and March 2025. Liver and spleen volumes (SV) were assessed preoperatively, at postoperative day (POD) 1 week, and at POD 3 months. Early liver regeneration rate (LRR) was defined as the percentage increase in remnant liver volume at POD 1 week relative to the preoperative future liver remnant (FLR), and patients were categorized into low (<50%) and high (≥50%) LRR groups. Clinical, biochemical, and volumetric variables were compared, and predictors of regeneration were identified using multivariable analyses. Regeneration patterns were also examined according to whether the FLR/standard liver volume (SLV) ratio was <50% or ≥50%. Results: FLR/SLV was the strongest independent predictor of rapid early liver regeneration (p<0.001). Remnants with FLR/SLV <50% exhibited rapid and sustained regeneration, whereas those with FLR/SLV ≥50% showed slower regrowth that plateaued after reaching approximately 90% of SLV. SV increased at POD 1 week in all patients; however, only the FLR/SLV ≥50% group showed a reduction by POD 3 months, whereas the <50% group maintained elevated volumes. Conclusions FLR/SLV reliably predicts early postoperative liver regeneration. Smaller remnants regenerate more rapidly, whereas persistent splenic enlargement suggests a sustained portal hemodynamic burden. Combined evaluation of FLR/SLV and SV may enhance perioperative risk assessment and surgical planning.

Background: Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has been proposed to enhance liver regeneration, but its effects remain inconsistent across experimental models. This study evaluated whether autologous PRP promotes hepatic regeneration after major hepatectomy in rabbits and assessed the feasibility of this experimental approach. Methods: Twenty-one male New Zealand white rabbits underwent major hepatectomy and received saline (control) or PRP via portal vein or subcutaneous injection. Survival, pre- and postoperative laboratory results, regenerated liver weight, biochemical markers, and histologic features were compared. Results: Overall survival was 42%. Portal vein injection resulted in significantly higher mortality than subcutaneous injection (66% vs. 33%; p=0.050). Regenerated liver weight (approximately 60–70 g) and the graft-to-body weight ratio did not differ between groups. One PRP-treated rabbit demonstrated pronounced hepatic plate thickening, but overall regenerative markers showed no significant benefit. PRP preparations displayed variable leukocyte content. Conclusions PRP did not provide a measurable regenerative advantage in this rabbit major hepatectomy model. The high mortality and heterogeneous PRP composition emphasize the need for safer experimental designs and standardized PRP preparations to accurately assess its regenerative capacity.

Both insufficient and excessive sleep durations have been recognized as important risk factors for mortality. Nevertheless, the impact of sleep duration on cause-specific mortality and potential effect modifiers has not been investigated extensively. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the association between sleep duration and mortality categorized by cause of death and potential effect modifiers using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Methods: We established a prospective cohort based on NHANES participants aged 50 years or older, linked to the National Death Index (NDI) in the United States between 2009 and 2018. The NDI included all-cause, cardiovascular, and respiratory deaths. Sleep duration was assessed during the NHANES examination period. A survey-weighted Cox proportional hazards model was used to evaluate the association between sleep and mortality. Results: A total of 13,947 participants with available NHANES data were included in this study. A U-shaped association between sleep duration and mortality was observed for all-cause and cardiovascular mortality, meanwhile, respiratory mortality was linked to moderately short sleep (>5 and <7 hours). For total mortality, the association with severe short sleep (5 hours or less; p<0.01) was generally stronger than the association with long sleep (>8 hours; p=0.029), with the effect of severe short sleep being significantly prominent in males (p<0.01), non-Hispanic White (0.001), high-income (0.056), and those with a body mass index ≥23.0 kg/m2 (0.001) than those in their counterparts. Conclusions: This study suggests that sleep duration is associated with the mortality risk. Our results provide evidence for a more targeted allocation of public health resources to improve sleep and health.

Both insufficient and excessive sleep durations have been recognized as important risk factors for mortality. Nevertheless, the impact of sleep duration on cause-specific mortality and potential effect modifiers has not been investigated extensively. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the association between sleep duration and mortality categorized by cause of death and potential effect modifiers using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Methods: We established a prospective cohort based on NHANES participants aged 50 years or older, linked to the National Death Index (NDI) in the United States between 2009 and 2018. The NDI included all-cause, cardiovascular, and respiratory deaths. Sleep duration was assessed during the NHANES examination period. A survey-weighted Cox proportional hazards model was used to evaluate the association between sleep and mortality. Results: A total of 13,947 participants with available NHANES data were included in this study. A U-shaped association between sleep duration and mortality was observed for all-cause and cardiovascular mortality, meanwhile, respiratory mortality was linked to moderately short sleep (>5 and <7 hours). For total mortality, the association with severe short sleep (5 hours or less; p<0.01) was generally stronger than the association with long sleep (>8 hours; p=0.029), with the effect of severe short sleep being significantly prominent in males (p<0.01), non-Hispanic White (0.001), high-income (0.056), and those with a body mass index ≥23.0 kg/m2 (0.001) than those in their counterparts. Conclusions: This study suggests that sleep duration is associated with the mortality risk. Our results provide evidence for a more targeted allocation of public health resources to improve sleep and health.

Objectives: This study explored the experiences of medical students enrolled in an elective course titled "Healthcare Innovation and Women's Ventures II" at Ewha Womans University College of Medicine. The research questions were as follows: First, what motivated medical students to participate in the experiential entrepreneurship course? Second, what experiences did the students have during the course? Third, what changes did the students undergo as a result of the course? Methods: Focus group interviews were conducted with six medical students who participated in the experiential entrepreneurship course from February 13 to 23, 2024. Results: The analysis identified three domains, seven categories, and 17 subcategories. In terms of motivations for enrolling in the experiential entrepreneurship course, two categories were identified: "existing interest" and "new exploration." With respect to the experiences gained from the course, three categories emerged: "cognitive experiences," "emotional experiences," and "behavioral experiences." Finally, two categories were identified concerning the changes participants experienced through the course: "changes related to entrepreneurship" and "changes related to career paths." Conclusion Students were motivated to enroll in this course by both their existing interests and their desire to explore new areas. Following the course, they underwent cognitive, emotional, and behavioral changes. Their perceptions of entrepreneurship and career paths were significantly altered.This study is important because it explores the impact of entrepreneurship education in medical schools from the students' perspective.

Both insufficient and excessive sleep durations have been recognized as important risk factors for mortality. Nevertheless, the impact of sleep duration on cause-specific mortality and potential effect modifiers has not been investigated extensively. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the association between sleep duration and mortality categorized by cause of death and potential effect modifiers using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Methods: We established a prospective cohort based on NHANES participants aged 50 years or older, linked to the National Death Index (NDI) in the United States between 2009 and 2018. The NDI included all-cause, cardiovascular, and respiratory deaths. Sleep duration was assessed during the NHANES examination period. A survey-weighted Cox proportional hazards model was used to evaluate the association between sleep and mortality. Results: A total of 13,947 participants with available NHANES data were included in this study. A U-shaped association between sleep duration and mortality was observed for all-cause and cardiovascular mortality, meanwhile, respiratory mortality was linked to moderately short sleep (>5 and <7 hours). For total mortality, the association with severe short sleep (5 hours or less; p<0.01) was generally stronger than the association with long sleep (>8 hours; p=0.029), with the effect of severe short sleep being significantly prominent in males (p<0.01), non-Hispanic White (0.001), high-income (0.056), and those with a body mass index ≥23.0 kg/m2 (0.001) than those in their counterparts. Conclusions: This study suggests that sleep duration is associated with the mortality risk. Our results provide evidence for a more targeted allocation of public health resources to improve sleep and health.

Background: The concept of beauty has gained widespread attention, heightening expectations for external health and attractiveness. Although physical appearance has become a significant social asset, the COVID-19 pandemic, marked by the normalization of mask wearing and reduced outdoor activities, has led to a decline in focus on appearance. Objective: This study aims to analyze the correlation between appearance management behaviors and self-esteem among beauty major college students in the post-COVID-19 era. Methods: This study conducted a survey targeting beauty major college students, and the data were analyzed using SPSS 25.0, which was validated at a significance level of 0.05. Results: Analysis of appearance management behaviors among college students revealed that, for males, hair care behavior (M=3.66) was the most prevalent, while for females, makeup management behavior (M=3.61) was the most prevalent. Additionally, students majoring in makeup exhibited high levels of appearance management behaviors (M=3.61) and self-esteem (M=3.86). Examination of the impact of the independent variables indicated statistically significant positive influences. Conclusion Beauty majors showed higher self-esteem and increased engagement in hair, skin, makeup, and apparel management behaviors. However, the generalization of the findings may be limited to this specific group, emphasizing the need for ongoing research across various majors and age groups.

Background: CycloZ, a combination of cyclo-His-Pro and zinc, has anti-diabetic activity. However, its exact mode of action remains to be elucidated. Methods: KK-Ay mice, a type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) model, were administered CycloZ either as a preventive intervention, or as a therapy. Glycemic control was evaluated using the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels. Liver and visceral adipose tissues (VATs) were used for histological evaluation, gene expression analysis, and protein expression analysis. Results: CycloZ administration improved glycemic control in KK-Ay mice in both prophylactic and therapeutic studies. Lysine acetylation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha, liver kinase B1, and nuclear factor-κB p65 was decreased in the liver and VATs in CycloZ-treated mice. In addition, CycloZ treatment improved mitochondrial function, lipid oxidation, and inflammation in the liver and VATs of mice. CycloZ treatment also increased the level of β-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+), which affected the activity of deacetylases, such as sirtuin 1 (Sirt1). Conclusion Our findings suggest that the beneficial effects of CycloZ on diabetes and obesity occur through increased NAD+ synthesis, which modulates Sirt1 deacetylase activity in the liver and VATs. Given that the mode of action of an NAD+ booster or Sirt1 deacetylase activator is different from that of traditional T2DM drugs, CycloZ would be considered a novel therapeutic option for the treatment of T2DM.

Background: Commonly used epidural or systemic analgesics for pain control after hip surgery carry risk for potential adverse effects. In contrast, the quadratus lumborum block (QLB) utilizes a simple and easy fascial plane technique and provides a wide area of sensory blockade. Thus, the QLB may be beneficial as analgesia after total hip arthroplasty. CaseHere, we report the case of an 83-year-old man who received a continuous transmuscular QLB as part of a multimodal analgesia after hardware removal and total hip arthroplasty. The patient received a continuous infusion of 0.2% ropivacaine at 8 ml/h through an indwelling catheter in addition to patient-controlled analgesia with intravenous fentanyl and oral celecoxib. The patient’s pain scores did not exceed 4, and no additional analgesics were required until postoperative day 5. Conclusions Transmuscular QLB may be a suitable option for multimodal analgesia after total hip arthroplasty.

Purpose: This study aimed to assess the effect of the emotional coaching program for hospital nurses. Methods: The study used anon-equivalent control group pretest-posttest design, and participants included 60 nurses (30 in the experimental group and 30 in thecontrol group) who worked at a general hospital. The experimental group attended four sessions, one per week, with each session lastingtwo and a half hours. Collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Fisher’s exact test, x2 test, t-test, paired t-test, and repeatedmeasures ANOVA using SPSS WIN 23.0 program. Results: Significant differences were shown between the experimental and the controlgroups regarding emotional labor (F=68.40, p<.001), resilience (F=48.77, p<.001), and self-efficacy (F=15.31, p<.001). Conclusion Theemotional coaching program for nurses is useful for enhancing nurses’ emotional labor management, resilience, and self-efficacy. In addition,this program may serve as a basis for providing emotional coaching to nurses in the future.