Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is a minimally invasive treatment modality used as an alternative to surgery in patients with benign thyroid nodules, recurrent thyroid cancers (RTCs), and primary thyroid microcarcinomas. The Korean Society of Thyroid Radiology (KSThR) initially developed recommendations for the optimal use of RFA for thyroid tumors in 2009 and revised them in 2012 and 2017. As new meaningful evidence has accumulated since 2017 and in response to a growing global interest in the use of RFA for treating malignant thyroid lesions, the task force committee members of the KSThR decided to update the guidelines on the use of RFA for the management of RTCs based on a comprehensive analysis of current literature and expert consensus.

Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is a minimally invasive treatment modality used as an alternative to surgery in patients with benign thyroid nodules, recurrent thyroid cancers (RTCs), and primary thyroid microcarcinomas. The Korean Society of Thyroid Radiology (KSThR) initially developed recommendations for the optimal use of RFA for thyroid tumors in 2009 and revised them in 2012 and 2017. As new meaningful evidence has accumulated since 2017 and in response to a growing global interest in the use of RFA for treating malignant thyroid lesions, the task force committee members of the KSThR decided to update the guidelines on the use of RFA for the management of RTCs based on a comprehensive analysis of current literature and expert consensus.

Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is a minimally invasive treatment modality used as an alternative to surgery in patients with benign thyroid nodules, recurrent thyroid cancers (RTCs), and primary thyroid microcarcinomas. The Korean Society of Thyroid Radiology (KSThR) initially developed recommendations for the optimal use of RFA for thyroid tumors in 2009 and revised them in 2012 and 2017. As new meaningful evidence has accumulated since 2017 and in response to a growing global interest in the use of RFA for treating malignant thyroid lesions, the task force committee members of the KSThR decided to update the guidelines on the use of RFA for the management of RTCs based on a comprehensive analysis of current literature and expert consensus.

Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is a minimally invasive treatment modality used as an alternative to surgery in patients with benign thyroid nodules, recurrent thyroid cancers (RTCs), and primary thyroid microcarcinomas. The Korean Society of Thyroid Radiology (KSThR) initially developed recommendations for the optimal use of RFA for thyroid tumors in 2009 and revised them in 2012 and 2017. As new meaningful evidence has accumulated since 2017 and in response to a growing global interest in the use of RFA for treating malignant thyroid lesions, the task force committee members of the KSThR decided to update the guidelines on the use of RFA for the management of RTCs based on a comprehensive analysis of current literature and expert consensus.

Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is a minimally invasive treatment modality used as an alternative to surgery in patients with benign thyroid nodules, recurrent thyroid cancers (RTCs), and primary thyroid microcarcinomas. The Korean Society of Thyroid Radiology (KSThR) initially developed recommendations for the optimal use of RFA for thyroid tumors in 2009 and revised them in 2012 and 2017. As new meaningful evidence has accumulated since 2017 and in response to a growing global interest in the use of RFA for treating malignant thyroid lesions, the task force committee members of the KSThR decided to update the guidelines on the use of RFA for the management of RTCs based on a comprehensive analysis of current literature and expert consensus.

Background: Recent global trends indicate a rise in pediatric obesity, reflecting patterns also observed in South Korea. Given its significant impact on chronic disease prevalence in adulthood, pediatric obesity poses potential societal challenges. For pediatric obesityrelated prevention or management programs in community level to operate effectively, there needs to be a clear understanding of barriers and facilitators of the programs. This study aims to establish a foundation for policy implementation, contributing to pediatric obesity prevention and management (POPM) in Korea. Methods: A survey was conducted among program providers involved in domestic POPM programs. A total of 577 individuals completed the survey, including those working in elementary and middle schools (n = 508) and public health centers (n = 69) nationwide. The questionnaire comprised 67 questions covering characteristics of respondents, purpose and contents of POPM programs, measurement of program outcome, level of inter- and intrainstitutional linkage, difficulties in operating programs and factors that facilitate programs.A 5-point Likert scale was used for most questions. Descriptive statistics was employed to analyze characteristics of respondents in POPM programs. The level of linkage in POPM programs was assessed using perceived importance and actual degree of linkage. The difficulties in operating POPM programs were analyzed based on agreement responses, and facilitating factors of program activation were analyzed based on importance responses. Results: The domestic POPM program showed low actual linkage compared to its perceived importance, both between institutions and among professions within institutions.Difficulties in operating the program included securing availability of students, encouraging participation of reluctant students and development of new programs. The survey suggested that schools require support from parents, guardians and family members, while public health centers need professional providers to facilitate such programs. Conclusion The study highlights the urgent need for strategies to address pediatric obesity in South Korea. Weak institutional linkages hinder effective programs. Challenges include student availability, participation, and the need for innovative programs. New approaches to build partnerships in harmony among institutions are necessary. Implementing findings into policy can help prevent obesity in Korean children and adolescents.

Objective: The Scales for Outcomes in Parkinson’s Disease–Cognition (SCOPA-Cog) was developed to assess cognition in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). In this study, we aimed to evaluate the validity and reliability of the Korean version of the SCOPACog (K-SCOPA-Cog). Methods: We enrolled 129 PD patients with movement disorders from 31 clinics in South Korea. The original version of the SCOPA-Cog was translated into Korean using the translation-retranslation method. The test–retest method with an intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Cronbach’s alpha coefficient were used to assess reliability. Spearman’s rank correlation analysis with the Montreal Cognitive Assessment-Korean version (MOCA-K) and the Korean Mini-Mental State Examination (K-MMSE) were used to assess concurrent validity. Results: The Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was 0.797, and the ICC was 0.887. Spearman’s rank correlation analysis revealed a significant correlation with the K-MMSE and MOCA-K scores (r = 0.546 and r = 0.683, respectively). Conclusion Our results demonstrate that the K-SCOPA-Cog has good reliability and validity.

Background: Recent global trends indicate a rise in pediatric obesity, reflecting patterns also observed in South Korea. Given its significant impact on chronic disease prevalence in adulthood, pediatric obesity poses potential societal challenges. For pediatric obesityrelated prevention or management programs in community level to operate effectively, there needs to be a clear understanding of barriers and facilitators of the programs. This study aims to establish a foundation for policy implementation, contributing to pediatric obesity prevention and management (POPM) in Korea. Methods: A survey was conducted among program providers involved in domestic POPM programs. A total of 577 individuals completed the survey, including those working in elementary and middle schools (n = 508) and public health centers (n = 69) nationwide. The questionnaire comprised 67 questions covering characteristics of respondents, purpose and contents of POPM programs, measurement of program outcome, level of inter- and intrainstitutional linkage, difficulties in operating programs and factors that facilitate programs.A 5-point Likert scale was used for most questions. Descriptive statistics was employed to analyze characteristics of respondents in POPM programs. The level of linkage in POPM programs was assessed using perceived importance and actual degree of linkage. The difficulties in operating POPM programs were analyzed based on agreement responses, and facilitating factors of program activation were analyzed based on importance responses. Results: The domestic POPM program showed low actual linkage compared to its perceived importance, both between institutions and among professions within institutions.Difficulties in operating the program included securing availability of students, encouraging participation of reluctant students and development of new programs. The survey suggested that schools require support from parents, guardians and family members, while public health centers need professional providers to facilitate such programs. Conclusion The study highlights the urgent need for strategies to address pediatric obesity in South Korea. Weak institutional linkages hinder effective programs. Challenges include student availability, participation, and the need for innovative programs. New approaches to build partnerships in harmony among institutions are necessary. Implementing findings into policy can help prevent obesity in Korean children and adolescents.

Background: Recent global trends indicate a rise in pediatric obesity, reflecting patterns also observed in South Korea. Given its significant impact on chronic disease prevalence in adulthood, pediatric obesity poses potential societal challenges. For pediatric obesityrelated prevention or management programs in community level to operate effectively, there needs to be a clear understanding of barriers and facilitators of the programs. This study aims to establish a foundation for policy implementation, contributing to pediatric obesity prevention and management (POPM) in Korea. Methods: A survey was conducted among program providers involved in domestic POPM programs. A total of 577 individuals completed the survey, including those working in elementary and middle schools (n = 508) and public health centers (n = 69) nationwide. The questionnaire comprised 67 questions covering characteristics of respondents, purpose and contents of POPM programs, measurement of program outcome, level of inter- and intrainstitutional linkage, difficulties in operating programs and factors that facilitate programs.A 5-point Likert scale was used for most questions. Descriptive statistics was employed to analyze characteristics of respondents in POPM programs. The level of linkage in POPM programs was assessed using perceived importance and actual degree of linkage. The difficulties in operating POPM programs were analyzed based on agreement responses, and facilitating factors of program activation were analyzed based on importance responses. Results: The domestic POPM program showed low actual linkage compared to its perceived importance, both between institutions and among professions within institutions.Difficulties in operating the program included securing availability of students, encouraging participation of reluctant students and development of new programs. The survey suggested that schools require support from parents, guardians and family members, while public health centers need professional providers to facilitate such programs. Conclusion The study highlights the urgent need for strategies to address pediatric obesity in South Korea. Weak institutional linkages hinder effective programs. Challenges include student availability, participation, and the need for innovative programs. New approaches to build partnerships in harmony among institutions are necessary. Implementing findings into policy can help prevent obesity in Korean children and adolescents.

Background: Recent global trends indicate a rise in pediatric obesity, reflecting patterns also observed in South Korea. Given its significant impact on chronic disease prevalence in adulthood, pediatric obesity poses potential societal challenges. For pediatric obesityrelated prevention or management programs in community level to operate effectively, there needs to be a clear understanding of barriers and facilitators of the programs. This study aims to establish a foundation for policy implementation, contributing to pediatric obesity prevention and management (POPM) in Korea. Methods: A survey was conducted among program providers involved in domestic POPM programs. A total of 577 individuals completed the survey, including those working in elementary and middle schools (n = 508) and public health centers (n = 69) nationwide. The questionnaire comprised 67 questions covering characteristics of respondents, purpose and contents of POPM programs, measurement of program outcome, level of inter- and intrainstitutional linkage, difficulties in operating programs and factors that facilitate programs.A 5-point Likert scale was used for most questions. Descriptive statistics was employed to analyze characteristics of respondents in POPM programs. The level of linkage in POPM programs was assessed using perceived importance and actual degree of linkage. The difficulties in operating POPM programs were analyzed based on agreement responses, and facilitating factors of program activation were analyzed based on importance responses. Results: The domestic POPM program showed low actual linkage compared to its perceived importance, both between institutions and among professions within institutions.Difficulties in operating the program included securing availability of students, encouraging participation of reluctant students and development of new programs. The survey suggested that schools require support from parents, guardians and family members, while public health centers need professional providers to facilitate such programs. Conclusion The study highlights the urgent need for strategies to address pediatric obesity in South Korea. Weak institutional linkages hinder effective programs. Challenges include student availability, participation, and the need for innovative programs. New approaches to build partnerships in harmony among institutions are necessary. Implementing findings into policy can help prevent obesity in Korean children and adolescents.