Ectopic thyroid is thyroid tissue found in places other than the anterolateral aspect of the second to fourth tracheal ring. Mediastinal ectopic thyroid is rare and only few cases have been reported. The authors experienced a case of 41-year-old female patient with an anterior neck mass. The patient had mild chest discomfort when breathing with no other symptoms. Imaging studies suggested tumor of thymic tissue origin and surgical excision was done. The mass was successfully removed and histopathologically determined to be thyroid tissue. We hereby report with a review of literature a case of ectopic thyroid found in the mediastinum, which was successfully removed by transcervical incision.

Ectopic thyroid is thyroid tissue found in places other than the anterolateral aspect of the second to fourth tracheal ring. Mediastinal ectopic thyroid is rare and only few cases have been reported. The authors experienced a case of 41-year-old female patient with an anterior neck mass. The patient had mild chest discomfort when breathing with no other symptoms. Imaging studies suggested tumor of thymic tissue origin and surgical excision was done. The mass was successfully removed and histopathologically determined to be thyroid tissue. We hereby report with a review of literature a case of ectopic thyroid found in the mediastinum, which was successfully removed by transcervical incision.

Ectopic thyroid is thyroid tissue found in places other than the anterolateral aspect of the second to fourth tracheal ring. Mediastinal ectopic thyroid is rare and only few cases have been reported. The authors experienced a case of 41-year-old female patient with an anterior neck mass. The patient had mild chest discomfort when breathing with no other symptoms. Imaging studies suggested tumor of thymic tissue origin and surgical excision was done. The mass was successfully removed and histopathologically determined to be thyroid tissue. We hereby report with a review of literature a case of ectopic thyroid found in the mediastinum, which was successfully removed by transcervical incision.

Ectopic thyroid is thyroid tissue found in places other than the anterolateral aspect of the second to fourth tracheal ring. Mediastinal ectopic thyroid is rare and only few cases have been reported. The authors experienced a case of 41-year-old female patient with an anterior neck mass. The patient had mild chest discomfort when breathing with no other symptoms. Imaging studies suggested tumor of thymic tissue origin and surgical excision was done. The mass was successfully removed and histopathologically determined to be thyroid tissue. We hereby report with a review of literature a case of ectopic thyroid found in the mediastinum, which was successfully removed by transcervical incision.

Ectopic thyroid is thyroid tissue found in places other than the anterolateral aspect of the second to fourth tracheal ring. Mediastinal ectopic thyroid is rare and only few cases have been reported. The authors experienced a case of 41-year-old female patient with an anterior neck mass. The patient had mild chest discomfort when breathing with no other symptoms. Imaging studies suggested tumor of thymic tissue origin and surgical excision was done. The mass was successfully removed and histopathologically determined to be thyroid tissue. We hereby report with a review of literature a case of ectopic thyroid found in the mediastinum, which was successfully removed by transcervical incision.

Smoking and sodium intake (SI) have been evaluated as risk factors for kidney disease; however, the data are inconsistent. We assessed the association between SI and cotinine-verified smoking status and the risk of albuminuria. Methods: An observational study using the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2008–2011 and 2014– 2018) was performed. We included 37,410 adults with an estimated glomerular filtration rate of ≥60 mL/min/1.73 m2. The smoking status was assumed based on the urine cotinine/creatinine ratio (Ucot/Ucrea). SI was estimated from spot urine sodium using the Kawasaki formula. Results: Ucot/Ucrea levels were significantly higher in current smokers (920.22 ± 9.00 ng/mg) than in ex-smokers and nonsmokers (48.31 ± 2.47 and 23.84 ± 1.30 ng/mg) (p < 0.001). Ucot/Ucrea levels were significantly higher in second-hand smokers than in participants without a history of smoking (p < 0.001). Ucot/Ucrea levels were positively associated with SI (p for trend < 0.001). Smoking status was not associated with albuminuria. SI had a linear relationship with albuminuria (p < 0.001). In groups with the highest Ucot/Ucrea levels, the highest SI quartile indicated a significantly higher risk of albuminuria than that in the lowest quartile (risk ratio, 2.22; 95% confidence interval, 1.26–3.92; p = 0.006). The risk of albuminuria was not significant in groups with the lowest and middle tertile adjusted for multiple risk factors. Conclusion: Smokers consume higher dietary sodium and dietary SI was positively related to the risk of albuminuria. Smoking is not associated with albuminuria as a single factor. The risk of albuminuria is the higher in participants with smoking and high SI.

Schwannomas are benign tumors that can develop in any part of a nerve containing Schwann cells. Skull base schwannomas are rare, representing approximately 4% of extracranial schwannomas. Among these, vidian nerve schwannomas are particularly uncommon, with only a few documented cases. In this report, we describe the case of a 58-year-old female patient who presented with an incidental finding of a skull base mass. The patient’s only symptoms were intermittent headaches and dry eyes. No mass was detected during the physical examination. Radiographic evaluation revealed a neoplasm within the vidian canal, and the lesion’s characteristics suggested a schwannoma. The patient underwent endoscopic resection, and subsequent histopathological analysis confirmed the diagnosis of schwannoma. Follow-up imaging and physical examination showed no evidence of recurrence. This case report highlights a schwannoma located in the vidian canal and extending into the foramen rotundum, which was successfully managed with endoscopic surgery.

Schwannomas are benign tumors that can develop in any part of a nerve containing Schwann cells. Skull base schwannomas are rare, representing approximately 4% of extracranial schwannomas. Among these, vidian nerve schwannomas are particularly uncommon, with only a few documented cases. In this report, we describe the case of a 58-year-old female patient who presented with an incidental finding of a skull base mass. The patient’s only symptoms were intermittent headaches and dry eyes. No mass was detected during the physical examination. Radiographic evaluation revealed a neoplasm within the vidian canal, and the lesion’s characteristics suggested a schwannoma. The patient underwent endoscopic resection, and subsequent histopathological analysis confirmed the diagnosis of schwannoma. Follow-up imaging and physical examination showed no evidence of recurrence. This case report highlights a schwannoma located in the vidian canal and extending into the foramen rotundum, which was successfully managed with endoscopic surgery.

Schwannomas are benign tumors that can develop in any part of a nerve containing Schwann cells. Skull base schwannomas are rare, representing approximately 4% of extracranial schwannomas. Among these, vidian nerve schwannomas are particularly uncommon, with only a few documented cases. In this report, we describe the case of a 58-year-old female patient who presented with an incidental finding of a skull base mass. The patient’s only symptoms were intermittent headaches and dry eyes. No mass was detected during the physical examination. Radiographic evaluation revealed a neoplasm within the vidian canal, and the lesion’s characteristics suggested a schwannoma. The patient underwent endoscopic resection, and subsequent histopathological analysis confirmed the diagnosis of schwannoma. Follow-up imaging and physical examination showed no evidence of recurrence. This case report highlights a schwannoma located in the vidian canal and extending into the foramen rotundum, which was successfully managed with endoscopic surgery.

Background: Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)-secreting pituitary neuroendocrine tumor (TSH PitNET) is a rare subtype of PitNET. We investigated the comprehensive characteristics and outcomes of TSH PitNET cases from a single medical center. Also, we compared diagnostic methods to determine which showed superior sensitivity. Methods: A total of 17 patients diagnosed with TSH PitNET after surgery between 2002 and 2022 in Samsung Medical Center was retrospectively reviewed. Data on comprehensive characteristics and treatment outcomes were collected. The sensitivities of diagnostic methods were compared. Results: Seven were male (41%), and the median age at diagnosis was 42 years (range, 21 to 65); the median follow-up duration was 37.4 months. The most common (59%) initial presentation was hyperthyroidism-related symptoms. Hormonal co-secretion was present in four (23%) patients. Elevated serum alpha-subunit (α-SU) showed the greatest diagnostic sensitivity (91%), followed by blunted response at thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) stimulation (80%) and elevated sex hormone binding globulin (63%). Fourteen (82%) patients had macroadenoma, and a specimen of one patient with heavy calcification was negative for TSH. Among 15 patients who were followed up for more than 6 months, 10 (67%) achieved hormonal and structural remission within 6 months postoperatively. A case of growth hormone (GH)/TSH/prolactin (PRL) co-secreting mixed gangliocytoma-pituitary adenoma (MGPA) was discovered. Conclusion The majority of the TSH PitNET cases was macroadenoma, and 23% showed hormone co-secretion. A rare case of GH/TSH/PRL co-secreting MGPA was discovered. Serum α-SU and TRH stimulation tests showed great diagnostic sensitivity. Careful consideration is needed in diagnosing TSH PitNET. Achieving remission requires complete tumor resection. In case of nonremission, radiotherapy or medical therapy can improve the long-term remission rate.