Purpose: In patients with nasolacrimal duct obstruction, the outcomes of surgery were evaluated according to the type or presence of flaps. Methods: In total, 509 eyes were compared retrospectively: 178 eyes in patients treated without flaps, 126 eyes in patients treated using nasal mucosa flaps, and 205 eyes in the patient group using nasal and lacrimal sac mucosal flap were compared retrospectively. We analyzed the factors of success according to the surgical method by comparing granulation and bony ostium obstruction at 1, 3, and 6 months after surgery in each group. Results: At 6 months after surgery, granulation was found in 6 eyes (2.93%) in the nasal and lacrimal sac mucosal flap group, 5 eyes (3.96%) in the nasal mucosal flap group, and 15 eyes (8.42%) in the group treated without flaps. Bony ostium obstruction was found in 3 eyes (1.46%) in the nasal and lacrimal sac mucosal flap group, 4 eyes (2.38%) in the nasal mucosal flap group, and 6 eyes (2.81%) in the group treated without flaps. The anatomical surgical success rate of patients treated with nasal and lacrimal sac mucosal flaps was 95.61%, which was higher than those of patients treated with nasal mucosal flaps (92.86%) and without flaps (88.20%). The functional and anatomical surgical success rate was 94.15% in the group treated with nasal and lacrimal sac mucosal flaps, 88.89% in the group treated with nasal mucosal flaps, and 84.83% in the group treated without flaps. Conclusions Endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy using the nasal and lacrimal sac mucosal flap is an effective method that minimizes the risk of granulation and bony ostium obstruction.

Purpose: In patients with nasolacrimal duct obstruction, the outcomes of surgery were evaluated according to the type or presence of flaps. Methods: In total, 509 eyes were compared retrospectively: 178 eyes in patients treated without flaps, 126 eyes in patients treated using nasal mucosa flaps, and 205 eyes in the patient group using nasal and lacrimal sac mucosal flap were compared retrospectively. We analyzed the factors of success according to the surgical method by comparing granulation and bony ostium obstruction at 1, 3, and 6 months after surgery in each group. Results: At 6 months after surgery, granulation was found in 6 eyes (2.93%) in the nasal and lacrimal sac mucosal flap group, 5 eyes (3.96%) in the nasal mucosal flap group, and 15 eyes (8.42%) in the group treated without flaps. Bony ostium obstruction was found in 3 eyes (1.46%) in the nasal and lacrimal sac mucosal flap group, 4 eyes (2.38%) in the nasal mucosal flap group, and 6 eyes (2.81%) in the group treated without flaps. The anatomical surgical success rate of patients treated with nasal and lacrimal sac mucosal flaps was 95.61%, which was higher than those of patients treated with nasal mucosal flaps (92.86%) and without flaps (88.20%). The functional and anatomical surgical success rate was 94.15% in the group treated with nasal and lacrimal sac mucosal flaps, 88.89% in the group treated with nasal mucosal flaps, and 84.83% in the group treated without flaps. Conclusions Endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy using the nasal and lacrimal sac mucosal flap is an effective method that minimizes the risk of granulation and bony ostium obstruction.

PURPOSE: We determined the effects of silicone tube tip fixation on the nasal wall using an absorbable suture during silicone tube intubation in patients with congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction. METHODS: Patients (55:71 eyes) diagnosed with congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction and who underwent silicone tube intubation were divided into two groups: those in which the silicone tube was fixed to the nasal wall using an absorbable suture (fixed group) or not (non-fixed group). We investigated the percentage of silicone tube displacement, the time for displacement, the success of surgery, and the method of removing the silicone tube after surgery. RESULTS: The mean age, percentage of early displacement within 1 month, time to displacement, and success rate of surgery were 2.4 years, 0% (0/35), 1.4 months, and 100% (35/35) in the fixed group (35 patients) and 1.8 years, 44% (16/36), 0.8 months, and 97% (35/36) in the non-fixed group (36 patients), respectively. Both groups were able to remove the silicone tube simply through lacrimal punctum at the outpatient clinic. CONCLUSIONS In patients with congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction, silicone tube fixation at the nasal wall after silicone tube intubation can prevent early displacement of silicone tubes within 1 month. This is a simple and effective technique because it removes the silicone tube through the lacrimal punctum without general anesthesia or intravenous anesthesia.

PURPOSE: To report a case of rhino-orbito-cerebral aspergillosis successfully treated with a combination of amphotericin B, posaconazole and amphotericin B irrigation. CASE SUMMARY: A 59-year-old male with hypertension, diabetes mellitus and hyperlipidemia was admitted to our neurology department for left facial paresthesia, pain and consulted to ophthalmology for left eyeball pain. His visual acuity was no light perception in the left eye, and fundus examination showed papilledema and a cherry-red spot. Left exophthalmos and complete ptosis with ophthalmoplegia were also observed. Orbital computed tomography revealed left maxillary and ethmoid sinusitis, and nasal endoscopic examination revealed a black eschar adjacent to the middle turbinate. Subsequent biopsy suggested mucormycosis. The patient was immediately treated with a combination of amphotericin B and posaconazole. In addition, left endoscopic sinus surgery was performed and aspergillosis was histopathologically confirmed. The patient underwent amphotericin B irrigation for 5 days after canula insertion up to orbital apex. The patient survived for 18 months and is still alive. CONCLUSIONS: A combination of amphotericin B, posaconazole and amphotericin B irrigation using the canula through the orbital apex may be helpful in treating patients with rhino-orbito-cerebral aspergillosis who refuse orbital exenteration.
Amphotericin B* ; Aspergillosis* ; Biopsy ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Ethmoid Sinus ; Ethmoid Sinusitis ; Exophthalmos ; Humans ; Hyperlipidemias ; Hypertension ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mucormycosis ; Neurology ; Ophthalmology ; Ophthalmoplegia ; Orbit ; Papilledema ; Paresthesia ; Turbinates ; Visual Acuity

PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy of chemical peeling using 83% alcohol in patients with conjunctival nevus. METHODS: Chemical peeling using 83% alcohol was performed in 13 patients (13 eyes) who were clinically diagnosed with benign conjunctival nevus. Effects of procedure and recurrence were analyzed by retrospectively reviewing medical records. After topical anesthesia, conjunctival nevus was eliminated by rubbing with an alcohol-soaked cotton ball. Conjunctival nevus close to corneal limbus was removed by 15th blades of scalpel. RESULTS: A total of 13 patients, 8 males, and 5 females had a, mean age of 27 years (12-54 years). Eights of the eyes were right eyes, and 5 were left eyes. No recurrence was detected in any patient during the follow-up period (mean 54 months), and there were no cases of conjunctival scar, granuloma, or permanent conjunctival injection. All patients were satisfied with the cosmetic outcome of chemical peeling. CONCLUSIONS: Chemical peeling using alcohol for conjunctival nevus is a non-invasive technique and has benefits such as no intraoperative hemorrhage, low recurrence rate, easy method, and good cosmetic results. Based on these, this procedure is a good method for eliminating conjunctival nevus.
Anesthesia ; Cicatrix ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Granuloma ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Limbus Corneae ; Male ; Medical Records ; Nevus* ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies

PURPOSE: To evaluate the long-term follow-up results of the eyelid margin tumor resection using a radio-frequency electrosurgical unit. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 53 patients (55 eyes) diagnosed with eyelid margin tumor and who underwent eyelid tumor resection using a radio-frequency electrosurgical unit more than 5 years prior. Age, gender, undergoing a biopsy, recurrence,- and complications were examined through phone questions and the out-patient department. RESULTS: The study included 23 eyes of 22 males and, 32 eyes of 31 females, (age range 8.6-76.8 years). Surgical success rate was 95% (52 of 55 eyes) and mean follow-up period was 8.9 years. Thirty-four of 55 patients underwent a biopsy, and the most common cases were intradermal nevus and compound nevus (13 cases each), 2 cases of basal cell carcinoma (5.9%), 2 cases of actinic keratosis (5.9%), and, 2 cases of chronic inflammation (5.9%). Other cases included 1 case of squamous papilloma (2.9%) and 1 case of fibrosis (2.9%). There were 3 cases of recurrence. Eyelash-related complications after surgery occurred in 3 cases of trichiasis or distichiasis. CONCLUSIONS: Eyelid margin tumor resection using a radio-frequency electrosurgical unit is simple and showed high success rate. Additionally, it is considered as an effective method in the eyelid margin tumor resection due to low recurrence and complication rates in the long-term follow-up.
Biopsy ; Carcinoma, Basal Cell ; Eyelids* ; Female ; Fibrosis ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Keratosis, Actinic ; Male ; Medical Records ; Nevus ; Nevus, Intradermal ; Outpatients ; Papilloma ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies ; Trichiasis

PURPOSE: To report a case of extramedullary plasmacytoma in the lacrimal excretory system. CASE SUMMARY: A 56-year-old female patient suffering from chronic epiphora for 1 year and having a non-tender, fixed palpable mass in the medial canthus of the eyelid visited the outpatient clinic. Orbital CT showed the non-enhancing mass was located along the right lacrimal sac and nasolacrimal duct and protruded into the nasal cavity. Biopsy was performed at the Otolaryngology Department. Based on histopathological examination, the mass was diagnosed as extramedullary plasmacytoma and the patient was treated with a total dose of 4500 cGy radiation (25 times in 1 month). After the 28-month follow-up period, the mass was not observed on Sinus CT and there was no recurrence. Additionally, no specific lesion was found during nasal endoscopy. CONCLUSIONS: We report a case of extramedullary plasmacytoma in the lacrimal excretory system successfully treated by radiation therapy.
Ambulatory Care Facilities ; Biopsy ; Endoscopy ; Eyelids ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Lacrimal Apparatus Diseases ; Middle Aged ; Nasal Cavity ; Nasolacrimal Duct ; Orbit ; Otolaryngology ; Plasmacytoma* ; Recurrence

PURPOSE: To report a rare case of a painless mass on the lower lid, histologically diagnosed as primary signet ring cell carcinoma of the eyelid. CASE SUMMARY: A 74-year-old male presented with a painless mass on the right lower lid which had developed seven months prior to presentation. Incisional biopsy of the mass and attached lower lid skin was performed, revealing signet ring cell carcinoma. A systemic evaluation, including whole body positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT), chest CT, abdomen and pelvis CT, gastrointestinal endoscopy, and colonoscopy, revealed no other abnormal lesions. Therefore, the eyelid lesion was considered primary signet ring cell carcinoma of the skin and was treated with radiotherapy of 6600 cGy in 33 fractions over 7 weeks. CONCLUSIONS: Herein, the authors report a rare case of primary signet ring cell carcinoma of the eyelid with no evidence of tumor recurrence or metastasis for 5 years after radiotherapy.
Abdomen ; Aged ; Biopsy ; Carcinoma, Signet Ring Cell* ; Colonoscopy ; Electrons ; Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal ; Eyelids* ; Humans ; Male ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Pelvis ; Radiotherapy ; Recurrence ; Skin ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

PURPOSE: To investigate the clinical characteristics and management of lacrimal gland ductal disease, a rare disease often mistaken for other diseases. METHODS: A retrospective chart review of 11 patients (11 eyes, 5 males, 6 females) diagnosed with lacrimal ductal disease between March 2007 and April 2013 was performed. RESULTS: Among 11 eyes in 11 patients, 4 were diagnosed with dacryops and 7 with lacrimal gland ductulitis initiated by dacryolith. The mean age of the subjects was 47.9 years (range, 30-80 years). Lacrimal gland ductulitis patients received treatment for conjunctivitis or hordeolum for several months. Four cases involved the right eye and 7 cases involved the left eye. Symptoms included foreign body sensation, pus-like discharge and palpable mass. Biopsy was performed in 3 cases and showed no specific findings. Patients with dacryops underwent marsupialization, whereas patients diagnosed with lacrimal gland ductulitis underwent excision and dacryolith curettage. During the 2-month follow-up period, all cases showed no signs of recurrence or complications. CONCLUSIONS: Lacrimal gland ductal disease can be mistaken for other diseases such as conjunctivitis, hordeolum, or orbital cyst, thus requiring accurate diagnosis and appropriate management.
Biopsy ; Conjunctivitis ; Curettage ; Diagnosis ; Follow-Up Studies ; Foreign Bodies ; Hordeolum ; Humans ; Lacrimal Apparatus* ; Male ; Orbit ; Rare Diseases ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies ; Sensation

PURPOSE: To evaluate the clinical effect of endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) and septoplasty combination surgery for lacrimal obstruction in patients with nasal septal deviation. METHODS: The study group consisted of 24 eyes of 24 lacrimal obstruction patients with nasal septal deviation who had undergone endonasal DCR combined with septoplasty from 2006 to 2012. The types of lacrimal obstruction included nasolacrimal duct obstruction (18 cases), common canaliculus obstruction (5 cases) and lower lacrimal duct obstruction (1 case). The operations' procedure was as follows: first, an otorhinolaryngologist performed septoplasty and then, an ophthalmologist performed endonasal DCR. For catamnesis observation after the surgery, the operations' results and nasal complications were retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS: A total of 24 eyes of 24 patients were included in the present study. Eight patients were males, 16 patients were females and the mean patient age was 52.1 years. During 15.5 months of catamnesis, loss of epiphora was observed in 20 cases, improvement in epiphora was found in 3 cases, and the functional and anatomical success rate was 95.8% (23/24). Eight cases of postoperative complication were observed, 7 cases of granuloma were found in the bony ostium and surrounding area, and 1 case of synechia was found in the nasal cavity. CONCLUSIONS: The combination surgery of endonasal DCR and septoplasty provides a wider surgical view, allowing for an easier nasal cavity treatment, rendering the operation and after-care less difficult, as well as reducing the risk of surrounding tissue damage. This method is adequate for preventing complications after surgery and offers a better prognosis.
Dacryocystorhinostomy* ; Female ; Granuloma ; Humans ; Lacrimal Apparatus Diseases ; Lacrimal Duct Obstruction ; Male ; Nasal Cavity ; Nasolacrimal Duct ; Postoperative Complications ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies