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Objective:To investigate the difference in intracranial infection rate between long-tunneled external ventricular drainage(LTEVD)and conventional external ventricular drainage(EVD),as well as the risk factors for intracranial infection.Methods:A retro-spective analysis was performed for the clinical data of 45 patients who were admitted to Department of Neurology Center,The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University,from January 2020 to December 2022 and underwent EVD,among whom 13 patients underwent LTEVD(LTEVD group)and 32 patients underwent conventional EVD(EVD group).Related data were recorded for both groups,including general information,postoperative catheter-related complications,and postoperative management,to investi-gate the effect on reducing the rate of intracranial infection.According to the presence or absence of intracranial infection after surgery,the patients were divided into the infection group with 10 patients and non-infection group with 35 patients,and related clini-cal data were analyzed to investigate the risk factors for intracranial infection.Results:The LTEVD group had a significantly lower secondary infection rate of catheterization days than the EVD group[2.40‰(1/417)vs.27.19‰(9/331),P=0.009].The duration of catheterization was 14-85 days[27.00(22.50,36.50)days]in the LTEVD group and 8-22 days[9.00(8.00,11.50)days]in the EVD group,suggesting that the LTEVD group had a significantly longer duration of catheterization than the EVD group(P=0.000).The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the times of cerebrospinal fluid sampling was an independent risk factor for post-operative intracranial infection in patients undergoing EVD,and the use of LTEVD was a protective factor against intracranial infection after EVD.Conclusion:Compared with conventional EVD,LTEVD can safely prolong the duration of catheterization and reduce the rate of postoperative intracranial infection in patients undergoing EVD.The use of LTEVD procedure and the reduction in the times of cerebrospinal fluid sampling can reduce the risk of postoperative in-tracranial infection.

Objective To investigate the characteristics and differences of congenital endowment in senile dementia population based on the theory of five circuits and six qi.Methods Based on the cross-sectional data of China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Survey(CHARLS)in 2018,the dementia status of the population aged 60 and above in China was evaluated by using the Mini-Mental State Examination(MMSE),and the five-circuit and six-qi features at birth in the senile dementia population were analyzed by descriptive statistics and Chi-square goodness-of-fit test.Results A total of 854 patients with senile dementia were included.The five-circuit and six-qi features at birth in the senile dementia population were as follows:most of them were born at the heavenly stem of Bing while the least at the heavenly stem of Ji and Geng(P＜0.001),most of them were born at the earthly branch of Wei while the least at the earthly branch of Zi(P＜0.001),most of them were born at the yearly circuit of excessive water circuit while the least at the yearly circuit of excessive gold circuit and deficient earth circuit(P＜0.001),and most of the patients were born at sitan of taiyin damp-earth and zaiquan of taiyang cold-water while the least at sitan of jueyin wind-wood and zaiquan of shaoyang ministerial fire;no statistically significant differences were found in the dominant qi and guest qi(P＞0.05);most of the patients were born in the year of combination of circuit and qi being Shunhua while the least in the year of combination of circuit and qi being same celestial correspondence(P＜0.001),and the patients born in the year of Shunhua usually were frequently distributed in heavenly-stem and earthly-branch year of Jiawu(P＜0.001).Conclusion There is a certain relationship between the congenital endowment at birth and the incidence of senile dementia in the population of senile dementia.The circuit-qi features at birth for the prevalence of senile dementia are the yearly circuit of excessive water circuit,sitan of taiyin damp-earth and zaiquan of taiyang cold-water,and the year of the combination of circuit and qi being Shunhua.The population born at the time with the above circuit-qi features are prone to suffer the injury of the kidneys,the heart,and the spleen,and then result into illness.

OBJECTIVES: The interaction between elderly people with disabilities and their caregivers and the improvement of caregiver burden is important for elderly people with disabilities and their caregivers. This study aims to explore the multiple mediating roles of caregiver's caring ability and resilience in depression in the elderly people with disabilities on caregiver burden. METHODS: A total of 246 elderly people with disabilities at home and their family caregivers from 5 regions were investigated by questionnaires, including the General Information Questionnaire, the Patient Health Questionnaire, the Family Caregiver Task Inventory, the Resilience Scale, and the Caregiver Burden Interview. A multiple mediation model was constructed and tested. RESULTS: Univariate analysis showed that the caregiver burden of disabled elderly men is higher than that of women; the lower the level of self-care of disabled elderly individuals, the greater the burden on their caregivers (both P<0.05). Correlation analysis showed that depression of the disabled elderly people was positively correlated with the caregiver burden (P<0.01). Caregiver's caring ability was positively correlated with caregiver's resilience (P<0.01), and both were negatively correlated with caregiver burden (both P<0.01). The multiple mediating effects of caregiver caring capacity and resilience between depression of the disabled elderly people and caregiver burden were significant, with the mediating effects of caregiver caring capacity and resilience accounting for 68.9% and 26.2% of the total effect, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Depression in the elderly people with disabilities can indirectly affect caregiver burden through the caregiver's caring ability and resilience. Families of older people with disabilities need to focus on both the elderly and their caregivers. It is possible to reduce the caregiver burden and improve the physical and mental health of the dyads by empowering the caregiver's caring ability and resilience.
Male ; Humans ; Female ; Aged ; Caregiver Burden ; Disabled Persons ; Caregivers ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Mental Health

Objective: To investigate the clinical pathological features of Barrett′s esophagus in China, and to study the relationship between the number of goblet cells and the severity of Barrett′s esophageal dysplasia. Methods: From January 2008 to October 2018, in the Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, the clinical and pathological data of 453 patients who underwent gastroscopy and pathologically diagnosed with Barrett′s esophagus were retrospectively analyzed. The clinical pathological features were compared between patients with goblet cells and patients without goblet cells. Periodic acid Schiff reaction (PAS) staining was performed on pathological slides of Barrett′s esophagus with goblet cells, and the relationship between the number of goblet cells, the number of positive crypts of goblet cells and the severity of Barrett′s esophageal dysplasia was analyzed. T test and chi-square test were performed for statistical analysis. Results: Among 453 patients with Barrett′s esophagus, 251 (55.4%) were males and 202 (44.6%) were females. There were 218 Barrett′s esophagus with goblet cells, including 128 males (58.7%) and 90 females (41.3%). The average onset age was (60.6±11.9) years old, and the peak onset age was between 60 and 69 years old. The appearance under endoscopy mainly was circumferential type (58.2%, 127/218). There were 235 Barrett′s esophagus without goblet cells, 123 males (52.3%) and 112 females (47.7%). The average onset age was (56.1±14.4) years old, and the peak onset age was between 50 and 59 years old. The appearance under endoscopy was mainly circumferential type (40.0%, 94/235). The incidence of dysplasia in Barrett′s esophagus with goblet cells was higher than that without goblet cells (75.7%, 165/218 vs. 37.0%, 87/235), and the difference was statistically significant (χ²=68.501, P<0.01). PAS staining showed that goblet cells were stained purplish red. The number of goblet cells, total number of crypts, the number of positive crypts of goblet cells and the proportion of positive crypts of goblet cells of Barrett′s esophagus with mild dysplasia were all significantly higher than those of Barrett′s esophagus with moderate dysplasia (95.50±40.56 vs. 40.00±13.34, 21.00±8.31 vs. 11.83±2.92, 16.50±6.17 vs. 7.50±2.47 and 0.79±0.42 vs. 0.63±0.12, respectively), and the differences were statistically significant(t=-4.503, -3.605, -4.690 and -4.340, all P<0.01). Conclusion Barrett′s esophageal dysplasia may be related with appearance of goblet cells, and the decrease or disappearance of goblet cells may indicate the progression of Barrett′s esophagus.

Objective To investigate the effect of small interfering RNA (siRNA) mediated silencing of △Np73 on 5-FU chemotherapy sensitivity in SW620 colocancer cells and provide new treatment approach for the colon cancer.Methods siRNAs were transfected into SW620 colon cancer cells.The expression of △Np73 was observed.Cell viability of colon cancer cells were measured by MTr assay and cell apoptosis was assessed with flow cytometry after treatment of control siRNA or △Np73 siRNA or combined with 5-FU,respectively.The tumorigenesis was assessed by injecting △Np73 siRNA or control siRNA transfeeted SW620 colon cancer cells into nude mice,followed by treatment with 5-FU in the tumors.Results △Np73 siRNA was able to strongly inhibit △Np73 expression,however,it did not inhibit the growth of cells.Combination treatment with △Np73 siRNA and 5-FU produced significant higher apoptotic cell(42.9%) as compared with those with 5-FU treatment(18.9%) alone or those with △Np73 siRNA(8.8%) alone.The treatment with 5-FU in the xenngrafts derived from △Np73 siRNA transfected SW620 cells in nude mice can inhibitor tumor growth significantly (t=15.32,P<0.05).Conclusion △Np73siRNAs can specifically repress the expression of △Np73.Thus it sensitizess the cells to 5-FU chemotherapy in colon cancer.