Cholesterol Ester Storage Disease/genetics* ; Humans ; Mutation ; Sterol Esterase/genetics*

Cystitis， one of the most common diseases in the urinary system， is manifested by urinary frequency， urinary urgency， and bladder pain， which are known as the classic symptom triad of bladder irritation， especially in women. In recent years， with the change of the lifestyle， the prevalence of bladder diseases in China is increasing year by year. According to the characteristics of etiology， pathogenesis， and clinical symptoms of cystitis， this paper listed the clinical diagnostic criteria in traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） and western medicine after consulting the relevant literature. Through the analysis of the existing animal model of cystitis， the fit between the model and clinical manifestations was evaluated， and the advantages and disadvantages were summarized. The models induced by "intraperitoneal injection of cyclophosphamide" and "Freund's complete adjuvant combined with bladder catheterization" were proved highly matched with manifestations despite some shortcomings such as long time and high cost. At present， the diagnostic criteria of cystitis are mainly based on western medicine， and the definitive diagnosis of the relevant types still depends on cystoscopy and tissue biopsy. The lack of TCM syndrome model limits the TCM research. Additionally， four diagnostic methods in TCM cannot be well applied to animal models because of the susceptibility to subjective factors. Behavioral tests can be used to determine the model index and develop the relevant behavior rating scale. Therefore， it is necessary to establish an animal model of cystitis in line with the clinical characteristics of western medicine and TCM syndrome differentiation， so as to better promote the study of cystitis.

Objective To investigate the effect of picropodophyllin (PPP) on proliferation and cell cycle of human colorectal cancer cell line HCT-15 and to clarify the related mechanism. Methods Different concentrations of PPP were used to treat HCT-15 cells, the proliferative activity of HCT-15 cells was detected by cell courting kit-8(CCK-8). Morphological changes of HCT-15 cells were observed under inverted microscope. Flow cytometry was used to detect the changes of HCT-15 cell cycle and Western blotting was used to detect the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and cell cyclinD1. Results The result of CCK-8 assay showed that PPP inhibited the proliferation of HCT-15 cells in a dose-time-dependent manner. Under the inverted microscope, it was found that the HCT-15 cells lost their original shape and became round, the refractive index decreased, and the number of living cells decreased significantly. Flow cytometry showed that the proportion of G

To address the increasing need for detecting and validating protein biomarkers in clinical specimens, mass spectrometry (MS)-based targeted proteomic techniques, including the selected reaction monitoring (SRM), parallel reaction monitoring (PRM), and massively parallel data-independent acquisition (DIA), have been developed. For optimal performance, they require the fragment ion spectra of targeted peptides as prior knowledge. In this report, we describe a MS pipe-line and spectral resource to support targeted proteomics studies for human tissue samples. To build the spectral resource, we integrated common open-source MS computational tools to assemble a freely accessible computational workflow based on Docker. We then applied the workflow to gen-erate DPHL, a comprehensive DIA pan-human library, from 1096 data-dependent acquisition (DDA) MS raw files for 16 types of cancer samples. This extensive spectral resource was then applied to a proteomic study of 17 prostate cancer (PCa) patients. Thereafter, PRM validation was applied to a larger study of 57 PCa patients and the differential expression of three proteins in prostate tumor was validated. As a second application, the DPHL spectral resource was applied to a study consisting of plasma samples from 19 diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) patients and 18 healthy control subjects. Differentially expressed proteins between DLBCL patients and healthy control subjects were detected by DIA-MS and confirmed by PRM. These data demonstrate that the DPHL supports DIA and PRM MS pipelines for robust protein biomarker discovery. DPHL is freely accessible at https://www.iprox.org/page/project.html?id=IPX0001400000.

Objective:To compare the long term and short term outcomes between robotic and open surgery for hilar cholangiocarcinoma radical resection.Methods:This is a single-center and retrospective case-control study. Patients underwent hilar cholangiocarcinoma radical resection between January 2016 and December 2016 at Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery of the General Hospital of the Chinese People′s Liberation Army were included. Safety, effectiveness and long-term prognosis of tumors were evaluated. Patients were divided into robotic hilar cholangiocarcinoma radical surgery group (robotic group, n=16) and open hepatic hilar cholangiocarcinoma radical surgery group (open group, n=31) . All cases were confirmed by pathology histological. Age, gender, histology, resection margin status, extent of surgical resection, disease-free survival (DFS) , and overall survival (OS) were retrospectively collected and analyzed.In the follow-up cohort, the primary outcome was patient death and the secondary outcome was tumor recurrence. Continuous variables were expressed as means and medians and were compared using the Student t test if normally distributed or Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test for nonparametric variables. Discrete variables were expressed as frequency and percentages and χ 2 or Fisher exact test, when appropriate, were used for comparisons. Kaplan-Meier curves were used to calculate the probability of survival and comparisons were performed using log-rank test. Results:In this study, compared with the open group, the robotic group had a longer operation time ( (338±71) minutes vs. (256±56) minutes, t=4.251, P=0.001) , but the intraoperative blood loss was less (100 ml vs. 200 ml, Z=121.50, P=0.040) , the gastric tube removal time was earlier (3 days vs. 4 days, Z=136.0, P=0.011) , and the postoperative hospital stay was shorter (9 days vs. 12 days, Z=144.50, P=0.040) , and the difference was statistically significant.There was no significant difference in the blood transfusion rate, R0 resection rate, and tumor size between the two groups.The recurrence rates in the robotic group and open surgery were 53.3% and 67.0%, respectively (χ 2=1.04, P=0.307) .The median survival time of the robotic group and the open group was 22.0 months and 25.0 months. There was no significant difference in the overall survival rate between the two groups ( P>0.05) . Conclusion:Compared with laparotomy, robotic HCC radical resection could have an equivalence or non-inferiority approach with acceptable long-term outcome.

Objective:To compare the long term and short term outcomes between robotic and open surgery for hilar cholangiocarcinoma radical resection.Methods:This is a single-center and retrospective case-control study. Patients underwent hilar cholangiocarcinoma radical resection between January 2016 and December 2016 at Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery of the General Hospital of the Chinese People′s Liberation Army were included. Safety, effectiveness and long-term prognosis of tumors were evaluated. Patients were divided into robotic hilar cholangiocarcinoma radical surgery group (robotic group, n=16) and open hepatic hilar cholangiocarcinoma radical surgery group (open group, n=31) . All cases were confirmed by pathology histological. Age, gender, histology, resection margin status, extent of surgical resection, disease-free survival (DFS) , and overall survival (OS) were retrospectively collected and analyzed.In the follow-up cohort, the primary outcome was patient death and the secondary outcome was tumor recurrence. Continuous variables were expressed as means and medians and were compared using the Student t test if normally distributed or Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test for nonparametric variables. Discrete variables were expressed as frequency and percentages and χ 2 or Fisher exact test, when appropriate, were used for comparisons. Kaplan-Meier curves were used to calculate the probability of survival and comparisons were performed using log-rank test. Results:In this study, compared with the open group, the robotic group had a longer operation time ( (338±71) minutes vs. (256±56) minutes, t=4.251, P=0.001) , but the intraoperative blood loss was less (100 ml vs. 200 ml, Z=121.50, P=0.040) , the gastric tube removal time was earlier (3 days vs. 4 days, Z=136.0, P=0.011) , and the postoperative hospital stay was shorter (9 days vs. 12 days, Z=144.50, P=0.040) , and the difference was statistically significant.There was no significant difference in the blood transfusion rate, R0 resection rate, and tumor size between the two groups.The recurrence rates in the robotic group and open surgery were 53.3% and 67.0%, respectively (χ 2=1.04, P=0.307) .The median survival time of the robotic group and the open group was 22.0 months and 25.0 months. There was no significant difference in the overall survival rate between the two groups ( P>0.05) . Conclusion:Compared with laparotomy, robotic HCC radical resection could have an equivalence or non-inferiority approach with acceptable long-term outcome.

Objective: To elucidate the clinical behavior, causes of misdiagnosis, surgical management, and outcomes of facial nerve schwannomas (FNS). Methods: A retrospective review in Chinese People′s Liberation Army General Hospital from January 1, 2002 to December 31, 2015 was carried out and evaluated 110 patients with FNS, including 50 males and 60 females, aged 16-67 years old. The appropriate surgical strategy was selected based on each patient′s clinical manifestations, facial nerve function, and imaging characteristics. After surgery, patients received follow-up visits to assess their facial nerve functions, with the effect of treatment compared to the reality before surgery. The Kruskal-Wallis H test was used to distinguish between the pre- and post-operation facial nerve functions in patients who had different facial nerve functions before the operations. Results: 110 cases of FNS mainly presented with facial paralysis, hearing loss, tinnitus, otalgia, dizziness, and facial spasm. 20 of the cases were misdiagnosed as Bell′s Palsy, 6 were mistaken for chronic otitis media/cholesteatoma with radical mastoidectomy, 3 were mistaken for Meniere′s disease, 1 was misdiagnosed as petrous bone cholesteatoma, and 4 were mistaken for acoustic neuroma. 81.8 % (90/110) of the patients had multiple segments of the facial nerve, including the vertical segment of the facial nerve, accounting for 65.5% (72/110), followed by the labyrinthine/geniculate segment, for 61.8% (68/110), and the horizontal segment, for 55.5% (61/110). The appropriate surgical approaches were chosed based on the sizes and scopes of the tumors evaluated by imaging: transmastoid approach in 73 cases, translabyrinthe approach in 14 cases, middle cranial fossa approach in 13 cases, retrosigmoid approach in 3 cases, transmastoid-middle cranial fossa approach in 3 cases, and transmastoid-neck approach in 4 cases, with all the patients undergoing a total/subtotal resection of the tumor. Eighty-seven patients had their facial nerves reconstructed. Among them, 6 received facial nerve end-to-end anastomosis, 55 received great auricular nerve graft, and 26 were subjected to facial nerve-hypoglossal nerve anastomosis. Because of long histories, facial muscle atrophies, or other reasons, the remaining patients were not received facial nerve reconstruction. The House-Brackmann(H-B) grading scale was used to evaluate the facial nerve function pre- and post-operation. Patients with better facial nerve functions and shorter history of facial paralysis before operation would get relatively better facial nerve function. The before and after operation comparisons revealed that the recovery of the facial nerve functions in patients with H-B Ⅰ-Ⅲ was better than the improvement in patients with H-B Ⅳ-Ⅴ. The difference was statistically significant (Kruskal-Wallis H test, H=8.508, P<0.05). Conclusions The diagnosis of patients with unknown facial paralysis, hearing loss, and tinnitus should take into account the possibility of FNS. CT and other imaging examinations of the temporal bone can avoid misdiagnosis and determine the tumor size and extent of lesions, as well as provide the basis for the choice of the surgical approach. After tumors have been completely resected, facial nerve reconstruction can be performed simultaneously, according to the defect of the nerve.

OBJECTIVESTo analyze the clinical features of acute invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in younger children, in order to improve the levels of early recognition, diagnosis and management of this disease.

METHODClinical data of 8 patients aged below 15 months who were diagnosed as acute invasive pulmonary aspergillosis from August 2010 to February 2011 in general pediatric wards in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed for the high-risk factors of the hosts, clinical manifestations, laboratory findings and lung CT imaging, the processes of diagnosis and treatment, and the outcomes.

RESULTFive cases were tested for serum GM test absorbent index (GMI) ranged from 1.92 to 3.27; in 2 cases sputum culture was positive for Aspergillus fumigatus for twice, and 1 infant was serum GMI 2.85 and a sputum culture was positive for Aspergillus fumigatus positive, all these findings were accordant with the clinical diagnosis. Seven cases had a history of receiving intravenously broad-spectrum antibiotics or plus corticosteroids (6 hospitalized, 1 out-patient), and one was only 1 month old, whose parents had severe tinea pedis. 4 patients of high-fever type had sustained high temperature, severe changes of lungs without obvious respiratory symptoms and signs in early phase, and significant increase of the rod granulocyte rate (0.25 - 0.68), which was apparently discordant with the normal WBC count and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) value. Another 4 cases of non-high-fever type were present with normal WBC count, hs-CRP value and the percentage of rod granulocyte. Among them, 3 infants had low-grade fever, with serious respiratory symptoms and signs and changes of lungs CT. Another 1-month-old case only showed lower vigor and response. Lung CT imaging often showed multiple irregular large nodules, patches and streaks of density (6 cases) and unilateral lobar consolidation (1 case), with some involving the pleura; one appeared severe peri-main bronchus lesions with stenoses of bilateral main bronchi. The first case died of multiple organ failure because of severe sepsis complication. Another 7 cases were treated with voriconazole promptly after clinical or suspected diagnosis, and the state of patients relieved rapidly within 1 - 3 d.

CONCLUSIONThe abuse of broad-spectrum antibiotics and corticosteroids may increase the risk of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in younger children. There may be the risk of nosocomial infection and spread of aspergillus in general pediatric wards. Cases of high-fever type in early period of disease had two inconsistency: few symptoms and signs, while severe changes of lungs CT; apparent increase of peripheral rod granulocyte, while normal WBC count and hs-CRP value. Preemptive voriconazole therapy could obtain significant effect and reduce the mortality rate.

Acute Disease ; Adrenal Cortex Hormones ; adverse effects ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; adverse effects ; Aspergillus fumigatus ; isolation & purification ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Male ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors