Background: Skipping breakfast is associated with an increased risk of chronic inflammatory diseases. This study aimed to examine the association between breakfast-eating habits and inflammation, using high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) as a marker. Methods: A total of 4,000 Korean adult males with no history of myocardial infarction, angina, stroke, diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, cancer, or current smoking were included. Data from the 2016–2018 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were used for analysis. The frequency of breakfast consumption was assessed through a questionnaire item in the dietary survey section asking participants about their weekly breakfast consumption routines over the past year. Participants were categorized into two groups, namely “0–2 breakfasts per week” and “3–7 breakfasts per week”; hs-CRP concentrations were measured through blood tests. Results: Comparing between the “infrequent breakfast consumption (0–2 breakfasts per week)” and “frequent breakfast consumption (3–7 breakfasts per week)” groups, the mean hs-CRP was found to be significantly higher in the “infrequent breakfast consumption” group, even after adjusting for age, body mass index, physical activity, alcohol consumption, systolic blood pressure, blood pressure medication, fasting blood glucose, and triglycerides (mean hs-CRP: frequent breakfast consumption, 1.36±0.09 mg/L; infrequent breakfast consumption, 1.17±0.05 mg/L; P-value=0.036). Conclusion Less frequent breakfast consumption was associated with elevated hs-CRP levels. Further large-scale studies incorporating adjusted measures of daily eating patterns as well as food quality and quantity are required for a deeper understanding of the role of breakfast in the primary prevention of chronic inflammatory diseases.

Background: Skipping breakfast is associated with an increased risk of chronic inflammatory diseases. This study aimed to examine the association between breakfast-eating habits and inflammation, using high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) as a marker. Methods: A total of 4,000 Korean adult males with no history of myocardial infarction, angina, stroke, diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, cancer, or current smoking were included. Data from the 2016–2018 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were used for analysis. The frequency of breakfast consumption was assessed through a questionnaire item in the dietary survey section asking participants about their weekly breakfast consumption routines over the past year. Participants were categorized into two groups, namely “0–2 breakfasts per week” and “3–7 breakfasts per week”; hs-CRP concentrations were measured through blood tests. Results: Comparing between the “infrequent breakfast consumption (0–2 breakfasts per week)” and “frequent breakfast consumption (3–7 breakfasts per week)” groups, the mean hs-CRP was found to be significantly higher in the “infrequent breakfast consumption” group, even after adjusting for age, body mass index, physical activity, alcohol consumption, systolic blood pressure, blood pressure medication, fasting blood glucose, and triglycerides (mean hs-CRP: frequent breakfast consumption, 1.36±0.09 mg/L; infrequent breakfast consumption, 1.17±0.05 mg/L; P-value=0.036). Conclusion Less frequent breakfast consumption was associated with elevated hs-CRP levels. Further large-scale studies incorporating adjusted measures of daily eating patterns as well as food quality and quantity are required for a deeper understanding of the role of breakfast in the primary prevention of chronic inflammatory diseases.

Background: Skipping breakfast is associated with an increased risk of chronic inflammatory diseases. This study aimed to examine the association between breakfast-eating habits and inflammation, using high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) as a marker. Methods: A total of 4,000 Korean adult males with no history of myocardial infarction, angina, stroke, diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, cancer, or current smoking were included. Data from the 2016–2018 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were used for analysis. The frequency of breakfast consumption was assessed through a questionnaire item in the dietary survey section asking participants about their weekly breakfast consumption routines over the past year. Participants were categorized into two groups, namely “0–2 breakfasts per week” and “3–7 breakfasts per week”; hs-CRP concentrations were measured through blood tests. Results: Comparing between the “infrequent breakfast consumption (0–2 breakfasts per week)” and “frequent breakfast consumption (3–7 breakfasts per week)” groups, the mean hs-CRP was found to be significantly higher in the “infrequent breakfast consumption” group, even after adjusting for age, body mass index, physical activity, alcohol consumption, systolic blood pressure, blood pressure medication, fasting blood glucose, and triglycerides (mean hs-CRP: frequent breakfast consumption, 1.36±0.09 mg/L; infrequent breakfast consumption, 1.17±0.05 mg/L; P-value=0.036). Conclusion Less frequent breakfast consumption was associated with elevated hs-CRP levels. Further large-scale studies incorporating adjusted measures of daily eating patterns as well as food quality and quantity are required for a deeper understanding of the role of breakfast in the primary prevention of chronic inflammatory diseases.

Background: Skipping breakfast is associated with an increased risk of chronic inflammatory diseases. This study aimed to examine the association between breakfast-eating habits and inflammation, using high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) as a marker. Methods: A total of 4,000 Korean adult males with no history of myocardial infarction, angina, stroke, diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, cancer, or current smoking were included. Data from the 2016–2018 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were used for analysis. The frequency of breakfast consumption was assessed through a questionnaire item in the dietary survey section asking participants about their weekly breakfast consumption routines over the past year. Participants were categorized into two groups, namely “0–2 breakfasts per week” and “3–7 breakfasts per week”; hs-CRP concentrations were measured through blood tests. Results: Comparing between the “infrequent breakfast consumption (0–2 breakfasts per week)” and “frequent breakfast consumption (3–7 breakfasts per week)” groups, the mean hs-CRP was found to be significantly higher in the “infrequent breakfast consumption” group, even after adjusting for age, body mass index, physical activity, alcohol consumption, systolic blood pressure, blood pressure medication, fasting blood glucose, and triglycerides (mean hs-CRP: frequent breakfast consumption, 1.36±0.09 mg/L; infrequent breakfast consumption, 1.17±0.05 mg/L; P-value=0.036). Conclusion Less frequent breakfast consumption was associated with elevated hs-CRP levels. Further large-scale studies incorporating adjusted measures of daily eating patterns as well as food quality and quantity are required for a deeper understanding of the role of breakfast in the primary prevention of chronic inflammatory diseases.

Background/Aims: Combi-elastography is a B-mode ultrasound-based method in which two elastography modalities are utilized simultaneously to assess metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). However, the performance of combi-elastography for diagnosing metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) and determining fibrosis severity is unclear. This study compared the diagnostic performances of combi-elastography and vibrationcontrolled transient elastography (VCTE) for identifying hepatic steatosis, fibrosis, and high-risk MASH. Methods: Participants who underwent combi-elastography, VCTE, and liver biopsy were selected from a prospective cohort of patients with clinically suspected MASLD. Combi-elastographyrelated parameters were acquired, and their performances were evaluated using area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve (AUROC) analysis. Results: A total of 212 participants were included. The diagnostic performance for hepatic steatosis of the attenuation coefficient adjusted by covariates from combi-elastography was comparable to that of the controlled attenuation parameter measured by VCTE (AUROC, 0.85 vs 0.85; p=0.925). The performance of the combi-elastography-derived fibrosis index adjusted by covariates for diagnosing significant fibrosis was comparable to that of liver stiffness measured by VCTE (AUROC, 0.77 vs 0.80; p=0.573). The activity index from combi-elastography adjusted by covariates was equivalent to the FibroScan-aspartate aminotransferase score in diagnosing high-risk MASH among participants with MASLD (AUROC, 0.72 vs 0.74; p=0.792). Conclusions The performance of combi-elastography is similar to that of VCTE when evaluating histology of MASLD.

Background/Aims: Combi-elastography is a B-mode ultrasound-based method in which two elastography modalities are utilized simultaneously to assess metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). However, the performance of combi-elastography for diagnosing metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) and determining fibrosis severity is unclear. This study compared the diagnostic performances of combi-elastography and vibrationcontrolled transient elastography (VCTE) for identifying hepatic steatosis, fibrosis, and high-risk MASH. Methods: Participants who underwent combi-elastography, VCTE, and liver biopsy were selected from a prospective cohort of patients with clinically suspected MASLD. Combi-elastographyrelated parameters were acquired, and their performances were evaluated using area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve (AUROC) analysis. Results: A total of 212 participants were included. The diagnostic performance for hepatic steatosis of the attenuation coefficient adjusted by covariates from combi-elastography was comparable to that of the controlled attenuation parameter measured by VCTE (AUROC, 0.85 vs 0.85; p=0.925). The performance of the combi-elastography-derived fibrosis index adjusted by covariates for diagnosing significant fibrosis was comparable to that of liver stiffness measured by VCTE (AUROC, 0.77 vs 0.80; p=0.573). The activity index from combi-elastography adjusted by covariates was equivalent to the FibroScan-aspartate aminotransferase score in diagnosing high-risk MASH among participants with MASLD (AUROC, 0.72 vs 0.74; p=0.792). Conclusions The performance of combi-elastography is similar to that of VCTE when evaluating histology of MASLD.

Background/Aims: Combi-elastography is a B-mode ultrasound-based method in which two elastography modalities are utilized simultaneously to assess metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). However, the performance of combi-elastography for diagnosing metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) and determining fibrosis severity is unclear. This study compared the diagnostic performances of combi-elastography and vibrationcontrolled transient elastography (VCTE) for identifying hepatic steatosis, fibrosis, and high-risk MASH. Methods: Participants who underwent combi-elastography, VCTE, and liver biopsy were selected from a prospective cohort of patients with clinically suspected MASLD. Combi-elastographyrelated parameters were acquired, and their performances were evaluated using area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve (AUROC) analysis. Results: A total of 212 participants were included. The diagnostic performance for hepatic steatosis of the attenuation coefficient adjusted by covariates from combi-elastography was comparable to that of the controlled attenuation parameter measured by VCTE (AUROC, 0.85 vs 0.85; p=0.925). The performance of the combi-elastography-derived fibrosis index adjusted by covariates for diagnosing significant fibrosis was comparable to that of liver stiffness measured by VCTE (AUROC, 0.77 vs 0.80; p=0.573). The activity index from combi-elastography adjusted by covariates was equivalent to the FibroScan-aspartate aminotransferase score in diagnosing high-risk MASH among participants with MASLD (AUROC, 0.72 vs 0.74; p=0.792). Conclusions The performance of combi-elastography is similar to that of VCTE when evaluating histology of MASLD.

Background/Aims: Combi-elastography is a B-mode ultrasound-based method in which two elastography modalities are utilized simultaneously to assess metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). However, the performance of combi-elastography for diagnosing metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) and determining fibrosis severity is unclear. This study compared the diagnostic performances of combi-elastography and vibrationcontrolled transient elastography (VCTE) for identifying hepatic steatosis, fibrosis, and high-risk MASH. Methods: Participants who underwent combi-elastography, VCTE, and liver biopsy were selected from a prospective cohort of patients with clinically suspected MASLD. Combi-elastographyrelated parameters were acquired, and their performances were evaluated using area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve (AUROC) analysis. Results: A total of 212 participants were included. The diagnostic performance for hepatic steatosis of the attenuation coefficient adjusted by covariates from combi-elastography was comparable to that of the controlled attenuation parameter measured by VCTE (AUROC, 0.85 vs 0.85; p=0.925). The performance of the combi-elastography-derived fibrosis index adjusted by covariates for diagnosing significant fibrosis was comparable to that of liver stiffness measured by VCTE (AUROC, 0.77 vs 0.80; p=0.573). The activity index from combi-elastography adjusted by covariates was equivalent to the FibroScan-aspartate aminotransferase score in diagnosing high-risk MASH among participants with MASLD (AUROC, 0.72 vs 0.74; p=0.792). Conclusions The performance of combi-elastography is similar to that of VCTE when evaluating histology of MASLD.

An irreparable rotator cuff tear refers to a situation where the tear in the rotator cuff is large, and there is significant fatty degeneration and atrophy, making it impossible to suture the torn ends back to the humeral head. Various treatment options, including tendon transfer procedures, can be considered in such cases. Tendon transfer may be chosen for younger and active patients, and the selection should consider the advantages and disadvantages, the characteristics of different tendon transfer techniques and the condition of the rotator cuff.The lack of established standard treatment guidelines highlights the need for, further research and clinical experience. Future studies will be needed to establish the effectiveness and safety of treatments, and efforts should be made to improve treatment methods and ensure appropriate patient selection.

Background: Achilles tendon is composed of dense connective tissue and is one of the largest tendons in the body. In veterinary medicine, acute ruptures are associated with impact injury or sharp trauma. Healing of the ruptured tendon is challenging because of poor blood and nerve supply as well as the residual cell population. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) contains numerous bioactive agents and growth factors and has been utilized to promote healing in bone, soft tissue, and tendons. Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the healing effect of PRP injected into the surrounding fascia of the Achilles tendon after allograft in rabbits. Methods: Donor rabbits (n = 8) were anesthetized and 16 lateral gastrocnemius tendons were fully transected bilaterally. Transected tendons were decellularized and stored at −80°C prior to allograft. The allograft was placed on the partially transected medial gastrocnemius tendon in the left hindlimb of 16 rabbits. The allograft PRP group (n = 8) had 0.3 mL of PRP administered in the tendon and the allograft control group (n = 8) did not receive any treatment. After 8 weeks, rabbits were euthanatized and allograft tendons were transected for macroscopic, biomechanical, and histological assessment. Results: The allograft PRP group exhibited superior macroscopic assessment scores, greater tensile strength, and a histologically enhanced healing process compared to those in the allograft control group. Conclusions Our results suggest administration of PRP on an allograft tendon has a positive effect on the healing process in a ruptured Achilles tendon.