Objective:To develop an ICU-acquired Swallowing Disorders Knowledge, Attitude and Practice Questionnaire for Nurses and to test its reliability and validity.Methods:The initial questionnaire was constructed through literature review, group discussion, Delphi expert consultation, and pilot-testing based on the theory of knowledge, attitude and practice. Convenience sampling was used to select 301 ICU nurses from Class Ⅲ Grade A hospitals in Honghe Hani and Yi Autonomous Prefecture, Beijing City, Yantai City, Wuhan City, and Xi'an City from January to February 2024 to examine the reliability and validity of the questionnaire.Results:The ICU-acquired Swallowing Disorders Knowledge, Attitude and Practice Questionnaire for Nurses consisted of three dimensions of knowledge, attitude, and practice with a total of 52 items. In the two rounds of consultation, the expert authority coefficients were all 0.871, and Kendall's harmony coefficient was 0.186 and 0.161, respectively ( P<0.01) . Exploratory factor analysis extracted three common factors with a cumulative variance contribution rate of 74.989%. The split-half reliability of the questionnaire was 0.835, and the Cronbach's α coefficient was 0.979, and the Cronbach's α coefficients for knowledge, attitude, and practice dimensions were 0.976, 0.989, and 0.972, respectively. The content validity index at the questionnaire level was 0.996, and the content validity index at the item level was 0.800 to 1.000. Conclusions:The ICU-acquired Swallowing Disorders Knowledge, Attitude and Practice Questionnaire for Nurses has good reliability and validity, and can be used as a tool to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice of nurses towards ICU acquired dysphagia.

Objective:To develop an ICU-acquired Swallowing Disorders Knowledge, Attitude and Practice Questionnaire for Nurses and to test its reliability and validity.Methods:The initial questionnaire was constructed through literature review, group discussion, Delphi expert consultation, and pilot-testing based on the theory of knowledge, attitude and practice. Convenience sampling was used to select 301 ICU nurses from Class Ⅲ Grade A hospitals in Honghe Hani and Yi Autonomous Prefecture, Beijing City, Yantai City, Wuhan City, and Xi'an City from January to February 2024 to examine the reliability and validity of the questionnaire.Results:The ICU-acquired Swallowing Disorders Knowledge, Attitude and Practice Questionnaire for Nurses consisted of three dimensions of knowledge, attitude, and practice with a total of 52 items. In the two rounds of consultation, the expert authority coefficients were all 0.871, and Kendall's harmony coefficient was 0.186 and 0.161, respectively ( P<0.01) . Exploratory factor analysis extracted three common factors with a cumulative variance contribution rate of 74.989%. The split-half reliability of the questionnaire was 0.835, and the Cronbach's α coefficient was 0.979, and the Cronbach's α coefficients for knowledge, attitude, and practice dimensions were 0.976, 0.989, and 0.972, respectively. The content validity index at the questionnaire level was 0.996, and the content validity index at the item level was 0.800 to 1.000. Conclusions:The ICU-acquired Swallowing Disorders Knowledge, Attitude and Practice Questionnaire for Nurses has good reliability and validity, and can be used as a tool to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice of nurses towards ICU acquired dysphagia.

Objective:To summarize the patient profiles and therapeutic efficacies of ABO-incompatible living-related kidney transplantations at 19 domestic transplant centers and provide rationales for clinical application of ABOi-KT.Methods:Clinical cases of ABO-incompatible/compatible kidney transplantation (ABOi-KT/ABOc-KT) from December 2006 to December 2009 were collected. Then, statistical analyses were conducted from the aspects of tissue matching, perioperative managements, complications and survival rates of renal allograft or recipients.Results:Clinical data of 342 ABOi-KT and 779 ABOc-KT indicated that (1) no inter-group differences existed in age, body mass index (BMI), donor-recipient relationship or waiting time of pre-operative dialysis; (2) ABO blood type: blood type O recipients had the longest waiting list and transplantations from blood type A to blood type O accounted for the largest proportion; (3) HLA matching: no statistical significance existed in mismatch rate or positive rate of PRA I/II between two types of surgery; (4) CD20 should be properly used on the basis of different phrases; (5) hemorrhage was a common complication during an early postoperative period and microthrombosis appeared later; (6) no difference existed in postoperative incidence of complications or survival rate of renal allograft and recipients at 1/3/5/10 years between ABOi-KT and ABOc-KT. The acute rejection rate and serum creatinine levels of ABOi-KT recipients were comparable to those of ABOc-KT recipients within 1 year.Conclusions:ABOi-KT is both safe and effective so that it may be applied at all transplant centers as needed.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of dexamethasone in alleviating radiation-induced pain deterioration follow-ing palliative radiotherapy in patients with bone metastases from lung cancer. Methods:A total of 103 patients with bone metastases from lung cancer were randomly assigned into the observation group (n=51) and the control group (n=52). Dexamethasone (5 mg, iv) or placebo (saline, 1 mL) was administered after radiation. The incidence of pain deterionation in the two groups was compared. Re-sults:Of the 51 cases in observation group, 13 (25%) had pain deterioration. While 20 patients (38%) experienced aggravated pain in the control group (P=0.03). Conclusion:Dexamethasone alleviated pain deterioration in patients with bone metastases from lung can-cer following palliative radiotherapy, which needs to be confirmed by further studies.