Objective To understand the epidemiological and genotypic characteristics of norovirus (NoV) in Jingzhou area，and to design primers and probes covering the variant genomes in the NoV gene library. Methods A total of 556 fecal samples were collected from suspected NoV patients from the First People's Hospital of Jingzhou from January 2022 to May 2023. The positive rate of NoV nucleic acid in fecal samples was detected by commercial kits. The differences in positive rates among different seasons and five age groups were statistically analyzed. Primers covering the NoV variant genome were designed to genotype some positive specimens. Results The detection rate of NoV nucleic acid in the tested samples was 30.04% (167/556). The detection rate in spring and winter was higher than that in summer and autumn (χ²=20.411，P<0.01). There were statistical differences in the positive rates among the five age groups of <1 year, 1-5 years, 6-10 years, 11-19 years, and >19 years (χ²=17.192，P<0.01), and the positive rate in young children (1~5 years old) was the highest (39.29%, 88/224). In addition, all the positive samples were NoV GII. Conclusion The epidemic situation of NoV is serious in winter and spring in Jingzhou area, with a high infection rate in young children (1-5 years old), and NoV GII is the main prevalent genotype. The primers designed in this study can be used for genotyping of NoV GI and GII.

Objective: To investigate the expression of peroxiredoxin 4 (PRDX4) in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and its effect on the proliferation, migration, and invasion of OSCC cells. Methods: The Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA) database was used to analyze the expression of PRDX4 in OSCC. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western Blot (WB) were used to detect the mRNA and protein expression of PRDX4 in OSCC cell lines and normal oral mucosal epithelial cells. PRDX4 was knocked down in CAL-27 cells and divided into two groups: the si-PRDX4 group and si-NC group. SCC-9 cells overexpressing PRDX4 were divided into two groups: the PRDX4 overexpression group (transfected with pcDNA3.1-PRDX4 plasmid) and the vector group (the control group; transfected with pcDNA3.1-NC plasmid). A cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) and plate colony formation assay were used to detect cell proliferation. Transwell assay and cell scratch test were used to detect cell invasion and migration ability. WB was used to detect the effects of knockdown or overexpression of PRDX4, p38MAPK agonist or inhibitor on the expression of p38MAPK-related signaling pathway proteins, and epithelial mesenchymal transition proteins in OSCC cells. Results: PRDX4 was highly expressed in OSCC tissues and cell lines. The results of qRT-PCR and WB showed that PRDX4 was highly expressed in OSCC cell lines compared with normal oral mucosal epithelial cells. The CCK-8 assay showed that the si-PRDX4 group had significantly lower OD values than the si-NC group at 24, 48, and 72 h (P<0.05). The PRDX4 overexpression group had a significantly higher OD value than the vector group at 24, 48, and 72 h (P<0.05). The plate colony formation assay showed that the si-PRDX4 group had a significantly lower number of colonies than the si-NC group (P<0.05). The number of colonies formed in the PRDX4 overexpression group was significantly higher than that in the vector group (P<0.05). The cell scratch test showed that the wound healing area of the si-PRDX4 group was less than that of the si-NC group (P<0.05). The scratch healing area of the PRDX4 overexpression group was significantly higher than that of the vector group (P<0.05). The Transwell invasion assay showed that the number of transmembrane cells in the si-PRDX4 group was lower than that in the si-NC group (P<0.05). The number of transmembrane cells in the PRDX4 overexpression group was significantly higher than that in the vector group (P<0.05). The WB results showed that knockdown and overexpression of PRDX4 could downregulate and upregulate the expression of the p38MAPK signaling pathway and epithelial-mesenchymal transition related proteins, respectively, and the addition of p38MAPK agonist and inhibitor could significantly reverse the expression of related proteins. Conclusion PRDX4 is highly expressed in OSCC. Knocking down the expression of PRDX4 in OSCC cells can downregulate the expression of p38 MAPK signal axis and EMT-related signal proteins, thereby inhibiting the proliferation, migration, invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition of cells.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE

Type II Diabetes Mellitus remains a pressing public health concern among Filipino adults, particularly prevalent in urban households belonging to the middle to richest wealth population. As body composition influences glucose metabolism, understanding the potential of anthropometric parameters is vital in predicting fasting blood sugar. This study aims to generate and find the most appropriate model that can detect likelihood of elevated FBS using different anthropometric parameters.

The data set from 2018-2019, 2021 Expanded National Nutrition Survey of Department of Science and Technology - Food and Nutrition Research Institute, consisting of 14,655 adults aged 18–65 years from 33 highly urbanized cities (HUCs) was used in this study. While controlling for study variables, multiple logistic regression was used to determine significant predictors affecting the fasting blood sugar (FBS) status of these adults.

The above normal status of each anthropometric parameter, in the models for BMI (aOR=2.33; pCONCLUSION

There is no single anthropometric parameter that can truly discern the status of elevated FBS. However, it appears the use of waist circumference and waist-hip ratio have the potential to be an indicator especially in settings where the evaluation of the actual FBS of the individuals is not feasible. Future research suggests exploring possible interaction of BP, and FBS, diet quality and adequacy, and the effectiveness of having multiple anthropometric parameters in one model.

This paper systematically summarizes the practical experience of the 2025 Dingri earthquake emergency medical rescue in Tibet. It analyzes the requirements for earthquake medical rescue under conditions of high-altitude hypoxia, low temperature, and low air pressure. The paper provides a detailed discussion on the strategic layout of earthquake medical rescue at the national level, local government level, and through social participation. It covers the construction of rescue organizational systems, technical systems, material support systems, and information systems. The importance of building rescue teams is emphasized. In high-altitude and cold conditions, rapid response, scientific decision-making, and multi-party collaboration are identified as key elements to enhance rescue efficiency. By optimizing rescue organizational structures, strengthening the development of new equipment, and promoting telemedicine technologies, the precision and effectiveness of medical rescue can be significantly improved, providing important references for future similar disaster rescues.

Objective To investigatethe relationship between gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) symptoms and clinicopathological characteristics, p53 expression, and survival of Chinese patients with esophageal adenocarcinoma. Methods A total of 3882 patients with esophageal adenocarcinoma, 970 matched patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, and 970 matched patients with gastric cardia adenocarcinoma were included to compare the incidence of GERD symptoms. Patients with esophageal adenocarcinoma were divided into two groups according to the presence and absence of GERD symptoms. The differences in clinicopathological characteristics and p53 expression between the two groups were compared by chi-square test, and the differences in survival between the two groups were compared by landmark analysis. Results The incidence of GERD symptoms increased successively in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, esophageal adenocarcinoma, and gastric cardia adenocarcinoma. In patients with esophageal adenocarcinoma, the proportions of male, less than 65 years old, lower thoracic tumors, tumors without squamous cell carcinoma, poorly differentiation, early tumors (stage 0-I), and p53-positive tumors in the group with GERD symptoms were higher than those in the group without GERD symptoms; moreover, the long-term survival (≥15 years) was better. Conclusion GERD symptom is an important clinical sign of esophageal adenocarcinoma. It is closely related to specific clinicopathological characteristics, p53 overexpression, and good long-term prognosis.

In cases where a tracheal injury exceeds half the length of the adult trachea or one-third of the length of the child trachea, it becomes difficult to perform end-to-end anastomosis after tracheal resection due to excessive tension at the anastomosis site. In such cases, tracheal replacement therapy is required. Advances in tissue engineering technology have led to the development of tissue engineering tracheal substitutes, which have promising applications. Hydrogels, which are highly hydrated and possess a good three-dimensional network structure, biocompatibility, low immunogenicity, biodegradability, and modifiability, have had wide applications in the field of tissue engineering. This article provides a review of the characteristics, advantages, disadvantages, and effects of various hydrogels commonly used in tissue engineering trachea in recent years. Additionally, the article discusses and offers prospects for the future application of hydrogels in the field of tissue engineering trachea.

Objective: To investigate the clinical characteristics, diagnostic approach, and multidisciplinary treatment strategy for a rare case of congenital defect presenting as a complex of hemifacial microsomia with cardiac and spinal deformities, in order to provide a reference for the clinical management of such cases Methods : The clinical data of a 9-year-old patient with hemifacial microsomia (HFM) complicated by post-operative Tetralogy of Fallot and scoliosis were retrospectively analyzed. A definitive diagnosis was established through specialized examinations, imaging studies, bone age assessment, and intellectual evaluation. The patient presented with right-sided HFM (with 3 accessory auricles, a transverse facial cleft, a microform median cleft of the upper lip, hypoplasia of the mandible and facial soft tissues, and agenesis of the right parotid gland and coronoid process), increased orbital distance, dental malalignment, congenital absence of one lateral incisor, and rampant caries in both primary and permanent dentition. The patient had undergone open-heart surgery for Tetralogy of Fallot with a patent foramen ovale four years prior and also presented with scoliosis and systemic developmental delay (bone age approximately 7 years). A retrospective analysis of the diagnosis and treatment of this type of case was conducted in conjunction with a literature review. Results: A multi-disciplinary treatment (MDT) model was adopted. The patient first received treatment for dental caries, followed by excision of the right accessory auricles, repair of the transverse facial cleft, and correction of the microform upper lip cleft under general anesthesia. A 6-month follow-up showed significant improvement in facial appearance and good recovery of oral function. The literature review indicated that hemifacial microsomia is a congenital disease characterized by the hypoplasia of multiple tissue structures on one side of the face. Its etiology may be related to impaired blood supply to the first and second branchial arches during early pregnancy. It often affects the craniofacial bones, ears, and soft tissues, leading to functional impairments in respiration, feeding, speech, and hearing, as well as psychological issues, severely impacting the quality of life in serious cases. The combination with cardiac and spinal deformities is relatively rare and requires individualized sequential treatment plans based on clinical evaluation and surgical indications. This typically includes cardiac surgical correction, spinal orthopedics, early soft and hard tissue reconstruction (e.g., distraction osteogenesis, facial cleft repair, and accessory auricle excision), orthodontic and dental management during the growth period, and final facial contouring in adulthood. Conclusion HFM can be associated with cardiac and spinal deformities, presenting with complex clinical manifestations. Early diagnosis, MDT collaboration, and sequential treatment plans are key to improving patients’ prognosis and quality of life.

Objective To describe and analyze the epidemiological characteristics of scrub typhus in Huai'an, Jiangsu Province from 2006 to 2024 and explore the long-term incidence trend and distribution of high-risk areas, and to formulate targeted prevention and control strategies. Methods The scrub typhus case report data of Huai'an from 2006 to 2024 in the Chinese Disease Prevention and Control Information System were extracted for descriptive analysis. Results A total of 898 cases of scrub typhus were reported in Huai'an, with an average annual incidence rate of 0.96 per 100 000 from 2006 to 2024. There was a turning point in the incidence trend of scrub typhus in 2011. From 2006 to 2011, the annual percentage change (APC) was 47.09% (95% CI: 7.53 - 859.39), and the upward trend was statistically significant (P < 0.05). From 2012 to 2024, the APC was -2.12% (95% CI: -29.09 - 3.75), and the downward trend was not statistically significant. October and November were the high-incidence months, and the total concentration from 2006 to 2024 was 0.93, indicating that scrub typhus had strict seasonality. The circular distribution method estimated that the peak period of the epidemic was from October 11th to November 25th, and the peak day of incidence was November 3rd. Jinhu County was a high-incidence area. The ratio of male to female cases was 1.03. The age group with the highest reported incidence was 40 to < 80 years old. The occupation with the highest proportion was farmers, accounting for 78.03%. Conclusion From 2006 to 2024, scrub typhus in Huai'an shows a peak every 3 - 4 years. Middle-aged and elderly farmers are the key population at risk, and Jinhu County is a key area. In the future, targeted health education should be carried out to effectively control the prevalence of scrub typhus.

Objective To explore the CT imaging features and independent risk factors for cystic pulmonary nodules and establish a malignant probability prediction model. Methods The patients with cystic pulmonary nodules admitted to the Department of Thoracic Surgery of the First People's Hospital of Neijiang from January 2017 to February 2022 were retrospectively enrolled. They were divided into a malignant group and a benign group according to the pathological results. The clinical data and preoperative chest CT imaging features of the two groups were collected, and the independent risk factors for malignant cystic pulmonary nodules were screened out by logistic regression analysis, so as to establish a prediction model for benign and malignant cystic pulmonary nodules. Results A total of 107 patients were enrolled. There were 76 patients in the malignant group, including 36 males and 40 females, with an average age of 59.65±11.74 years. There were 31 patients in the benign group, including 16 males and 15 females, with an average age of 58.96±13.91 years. Multivariate logistic analysis showed that the special CT imaging features such as cystic wall nodules [OR=3.538, 95%CI (1.231, 10.164), P=0.019], short burrs [OR=4.106, 95%CI (1.454, 11.598), P=0.008], cystic wall morphology [OR=6.978, 95%CI (2.374, 20.505), P<0.001], and the number of cysts [OR=4.179, 95%CI (1.438, 12.146), P=0.009] were independent risk factors for cystic lung cancer. A prediction model was established: P=ex/(1+ex), X=–2.453+1.264×cystic wall nodules+1.412×short burrs+1.943×cystic wall morphology+1.430×the number of cysts. The area under the receiver operating charateristic curve was 0.830, the sensitivity was 82.9%, and the specificity was 74.2%. Conclusion Cystic wall nodules, short burrs, cystic wall morphology, and the number of cysts are the independent risk factors for cystic lung cancer, and the established prediction model can be used as a screening method for cystic pulmonary nodules.

Objective To compare effectiveness between the modified and traditional pressure-overload myocardial hypertrophy(POMH) model by abdominal aorta coarctation (AAC) method. Methods Totally 45 rats were divided into three groups(n = 15 per group), sham group, traditional group, and modified group. In the traditional group, the diameter ol the abdominal aorta was narrowed to 0. 70 mm through a midline incision for 4 weeks; in the modified group, the diameter of the abdominal aorta was narrowed above the left kidney to 0. 45 mm for 1 week, and then the narrowing was lifted postoperatively. The cardiac index, heart weight (HW) /body weight (BW) and left ventricular index, left ventricular weight (LVW)/BW were measured from the heart specimens, and the cross-sectional area of cardiac myocytes, myocardial collagen area, and myocardial collagen area Iraction were measured in the pathological sections by HE staining and Masson staining. Results Compared with the sham group, the differences in end-systolic interventricular septum thickness (IVSs), left ventricular end-systolic posterior wall thickness (LVPWs), HW/BW, LVW/BW, cardiomyocyte cross-sectional area, myocardial collagen area, myocardial collagen area fraction, and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) expression levels were statistically significant (P<0. 05) in the modilied and traditional groups of rats. The differences in these indices were not statistically significant between the modified and traditional groups (P>0. 05). Conclusion The modified abdominal aortic constriction method used in this experiment is time-saving, stable, homogeneous and easy to replicate, and is a more ideal approach to establish a rat model of POMH.