Proteomics is a subject with proteome as its research object. It is an important omics technology in the post-genomic era. Protein is the final product of gene expression. The overall study of protein expression is of great significance to the study of disease mechanisms and drug efficacy. Among them, quantitative proteomics has been widely used in recent years. The liver is the most important drug metabolism organ in the body, and more than 70% of drugs are metabolized by the liver. This article introduces the commonly used proteomics technology so far, as well as the progress of quantitative proteomics in drug-induced liver injury, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, liver fibrosis and cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma in the past five years.