Xanthii Fructus contains phenolic acids, terpenoids, thiazines, flavonoids, water-soluble glycosides and other chemical components, and the toxic components are mainly water-soluble glycosides. Xanthii Fructus and its chemical constituents have pharmacological effects such as anti-inflammatory, anti-allergy, immune regulation, anti-oxidation and anti-tumor. They can play an important role in the prevention and treatment of allergic rhinitis by regulating immunity, inhibiting inflammatory response, anti-histamine and other pharmacological effects.

Objective This study aimed to explore the spatial heterogeneity and risk factors for dental caries in 12-year-old children in Shanxi province,China. Methods The data encompassed 3,721 participants from the two most recent oral health surveys conducted across 16 districts in Shanxi Province in 2015 and 2018.Eighteen specific variables were analyzed to examine the interplay between socioeconomic factors,medical resources and environmental conditions.The Geo-detector model was employed to assess the impacts and interactions of these ecological factors. Results Socioeconomic factors(Q=0.30,P<0.05)exhibited a more substantial impact compared to environmental(Q=0.19,P<0.05)and medical resource factors(Q=0.25,P<0.05).Notably,the urban population percentage(UPP)demonstrated the most significant explanatory power for the spatial heterogeneity in caries prevalence,as denoted by its highest q-value(q=0.51,P<0.05).Additionally,the spatial distribution's heterogeneity of caries was significantly affected by SO2 concentration(q=0.39,P<0.05)and water fluoride levels(q=0.27,P<0.05)among environmental factors. Conclusion The prevalence of caries exhibited spatial heterogeneity,escalating from North to South in Shanxi Province,China,influenced by socioeconomic factors,medical resources,and environmental conditions to varying extents.

Machine Learning ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted/methods*

OBJECTIVE：To study the toxic effect of the extract from Tripterygium hypoglaucum on pregnant animal and embryo-fetal development . METHODS ：Successfully mated New Zealand female rabbits were randomly divided into solvent control group，positive control group （cyclophosphamide，20 mg/kg）and T. hypoglaucum extract high-dose ，medium-dose and low- dose groups（15.0，7.50，3.75 g/kg，by the amount of crude drug ）according to their body weight ，with 18 rabbits in each group at least. The female rabbits in solvent control group and T. hypoglaucum extract groups were given water or the corresponding T. hypoglaucum extract solution from 6th to 18th day of pregnancy ，5 mL/kg，once a day. Positive control group was given cyclophosphamide subcutaneously into the neck from 10th to 13th day of pregnancy ，1 mL/kg，once a day. According to the related requirements of Technical Guidelines for the Study of Drug Reproductive Toxicity ，the general situation ，body weight ，body weight increase and food intake of female rabbits were observed and recorded during the experiment ，and euthanasia was carried out on 28th day of pregnancy ；the relative indexes of main organs ，fetal uterus ，placenta uterus ，placenta，ovary，implantation gland ， absorption fetus ，stillbirth，live fetus and corpus luteum were observed and recorded after anatomy ；the relative indexes of body weight，appearance，visceral and skeletal alterations of the fetus were detected . RESULTS ：Compared with solvent control group ， the body weight ，body weight increase ，food intake ，main organs ，pregnancy of pregnant rabbits ，as well as reproductive function，embryo formation ，fetal growth and development ，appearance，visceral and skeletal development indexes in T. hypoglaucum extract groups had no significant abnormal changes （P＞0.05）；above indexes in the positive control group had significant changes （P＜0.05），and significant maternal toxicity and embryotoxicity were found. CONCLUSIONS ：T. hypoglaucum extract 15.00-3.75 g/kg（by the amount of crude drug ）have no significant maternal toxicity ，embryotoxicity or fetal development toxicity to New Zealand rabbits.

Objective To analyze the influence of ligaments surrounding sacroiliac joints (SIJs) on stability of SIJs by finite element method. Methods The finite element lumbar spine-pelvis-femur model was established. Based on this normal model, all SIJ ligaments in both sides were removed in turn, to establish models without iliolumbar ligaments, sacroiliac anterior ligaments, sacroiliac posterior ligament, sacrotuberous ligaments, sacrospinous ligaments, sacroiliac interosseous ligaments, respectively. The models were used to simulate physiological motions of the spine. The range of motion (ROM) and average stress on the left and right SIJs were analyzed and compared with the normal models. Results Compared with the normal SIJ model, no significant differences in the ROM of bilateral SIJs were found in the models without sacrotuberous ligaments, sacrospinous ligaments and sacroiliac posterior ligaments; for the model without acroiliacinterosseous ligaments, there was no significant difference in the ROM of the left SIJs under spinal right rotation and ROM of the right SIJs under spinal extension, but the ROM of bilateral SIJs increased significantly under the other spinal physiological activities. Under the physiological activities of the spine, the average stress of the SIJ surface in the left and right sides of the model without acroiliacinterosseous ligaments significantly decreased. Conclusions Of all the sacroiliac ligaments, the sacroiliac interosseous ligaments showed the maximum influences on the stability of SIJs. The research findings are helpful to investigate the mechanism of SIJ subluxation and provide certain theoretical basis for clinical treatment of SIJ subluxation.

Objective:To observe the relationship between carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) control in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients.Methods:328 cases with T2DM were selected from the endocrinology department of our hospital.All patients underwent assessment,biochemical test and CIMT measurement.According to the value of CIMT,patients were divided into normal CIMT group (＜0.9 mm) and abnormal CIMT group (＞0.9 mm).A multi-factor Logistic regression was performed to analyze the risk factors associated with the abnormal CIMT.Results:(1) Among the 328 T2DM patients,154 cases had normal CIMT and 174 cases had abnormal CIMT.(2) Pearson correlation analysis indicated that the cholesterol and HbA1c levels were positively correlated with CIMT (P＜ 0.05).(3) Univariate analysis showed that the incidence of CIMT was associated with age (t=4.132,P=0.041),systolic blood pressure (t=8.456,P＜0.01),HbA1c≥ 9.0％ (x2=9.912,P＜0.01),cholesterol 0=5.549,P=0.018),triglyceride (t=6.592,P=0.008),UA(t=9.618,P＜0.01),fasting plasma glucose (t=4.592,P=0.037).(4) Multi-factor Logistic regression indicated that age,systolic blood pressure,cholesterol and HbA1c≥ 9.0％ were the independent risk factors for the onset of CIMT (P ＜0.05).Conclusions:The level of HbA1c in T2DM patients was associated with CIMT;And HbA1c≥ 9％ was the independent risk factors for the increase of CIMT.

Objective To observe the human papillomavirus(HPV) prevalence and its distribution character among females in Changzhou and to provide epidemiological data for the prevention of cervical cancer and development of HPV vaccine .Methods The clinical material consisted of 32215 women ,who were from Changzhou Hospital T .C .M ,Changzhou Maternal and Child Health Care ,The Second People's Hospital of Changzhou and Changzhou Wujin Hospital from January 2014 to June 2016 .17 kinds of high-risk subtypes (HPV16 ,18 ,31 ,33 ,35 ,39 ,,45 ,51 ,52 ,53 ,56 ,58 ,59 ,66 ,68 ,73 ,82) and 6 kinds of low-risk subtypes (HPV6 ,11 ,42 ,43 ,81 ,83) were detected .All cases were divided into six groups according to the age (<20 ;>21 to 30;31 to 40 ;41 to 50 ;51 to 60 ;and>61) and the age distribution of women infected with HPV and genotypes of HPV were analyzed .Results Out of 32215 cervical cell specimens ,8396 cases were detected HPV infections with the position rate of 26 .06% .In seventeen types of high-risk HPV ,HPV 16 (4 .55% ) were the most common subtype ,followed by 52 (4 .43% ) ,58 (2 .75% ) ,53 (2 .42% ) ,51 (2 .16% ) ,68 (1 .85% ) ,56 (1 .73% ) ,33 (1 .40% ) ,18 (1 .38% ) ,66 (1 .33% ) ,59 (1 .26% ) ,39 (1 .08% ) ,31 (1 .02% ) ,35 (0 .89% ) ,45 (0 .42% ) ,73 (0 .26% ) ,and 82 (0 .15% ) .Six types of low-risk HPV were detected ,of which HPV 81 (2 .96% ) was the most common subtypes ,followed by 43 (1 .86% ) ,42 (1 .62% ) ,6 (1 .27% ) ,11 (0 .80% ) and 83 (0 .26% ) .Conclusion The predominant genotypes of HPV 16 and ,52 infection in female reproductive tract are the highest .

Child ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity ; Vitamin D ; metabolism ; Vitamin D Deficiency ; Vitamins ; metabolism

Objective To investigate the effects of Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus ( Der p) on the expression of TLR4 and IL-4 in P815 mast cells and to further analyze the immunoregulatory effects of 1,25-(OH)2D3 on Der p treated P815 mast cells.Methods Different concentrations of Der p and 1,25-( OH) 2 D3 were used alone or in combination to stimulate P815 mast cells.The supernatants of the stimulated cell culture were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay ( ELISA) for the detection of IL-4.The stimulated cells were collected and analyzed by real-time PCR and Western blot assays for the detection of TLR4atmRNAandproteinlevels,respectively.Results (1)TLR4expressionwasdetectedinP815 cells.The expression of TLR4 was enhanced in P815 cells treated with various concentrations of Der p.A significant dose-dependent up-regulation of TLR4 was observed in P815 cells after incubation with Der p for 36 h.(2) Der p promoted the release of IL-4 in P815 cells (P<0.05).(3) No significant differences with the expression of TLR4 and IL-4 were observed among 1,25(OH)2D3 treatment groups as compared with the control group (P>0.05).(4) 10-8 mol/L of 1,25(OH)2D3 promoted the Der p-induced expression of TLR4 in P815 cells (P<0.01).However, 1,25(OH)2D3 inhibited the release of IL-4 in a dose-dependent manner(P<0.05orP<0.01).Conclusion (1)Derpcouldpromotetheinflammationandallergicreac-tion through up-regulating TLR4 and IL-4 in mast cells.(2) The possible mechanism for the inhibitory of 1, 25(OH)2D3 on Der p-induced immune responses was due to the suppression of Th2-type immune responses through inhibiting the synthesis and secretion of IL-4 in mast cells.

Objective To understand the molecular aberration at whole genomic level,CGH (comparative genomic hybridization) was used to investigate genetic abnormality in lung cancer.Methods Comparative genomic hybridization was performed in 17 cases to detect the global genomic aberration in cancer tissue cells.Results All of 17 cases detected by CGH showed chromosomal aberrations.The average numbers of chromosomal gains and losses in each case were 7.0 and 4.8 in NSCLC and 8.4 and 9.6 in SCLC,respectively.The frequency of gains and losses on chromosome had no significant differences between NSCLC and SCLC.The frequencies of gains on chromosomal arms 3q24 -28 and 11q13(58.3％ and 58.3％ ) in NSCLC were significantly higher than that in SCLC(0％ and 0％ ) ( P ＜0.05 and ＜0.05,respectively).Conclusions The cytogenetic aberration generally existed in lung cancer cells.Several regions ( more than one) of chromosomal aberration were involved in the carcinogenesis of NSCLC and SCLC.The regions and frequencies of chromosomal aberration in NSCLC were somewhat different from that in SCLC,which might result in the different biological behavior of the two types of lung cancer.The chromosomal aberration might be served as a marker to differentiate the two types of lung cancer.