Objective To retrospectively analyze the etiological distribution and clinical features of autonomic neuromediated syncope ( NMS) in children and adolescents in single center for 15 years. Methods There were 3182 cases of children and adolescents[aged from 2 to 18 years,the average age(10. 75 ± 3. 13) years] with unexplained syncope or symptoms of presyncope ( including unexplained dizziness,headache,chest tightness,chest pain,sigh,heart palpitations,etc),who came from children syncope outpatient department or inpatient department in the Second Xiangya Hospital,Central South University from September 2000 to October 2015. Of all 3182 cases,1649 cases were male,1533 cases were female. All subjects underwent detailed history collection,careful physical examination,12-lead electrocardiogram,Holter ECG,chest X-ray,echocardiography, EEG and head CT or MRI,blood biochemical examination (including fasting glucose,myocardial enzymes) and were eliminated organic disease of heart,lung,brain and so on,the cause of syncope was not still clear. The head-up tilt test ( HUTT ) was performed after the patient or / and the guardian written informed consent obtained. Results (1)HUTT positive rate was 47. 05％ (1497/3182). Causes for vasovagal syncope in turn was 42. 99％ ( 1368/3182 ) , postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome was 2. 55％ ( 81/3182 ) , orthostatic hypertension was 0. 79％ (25/3182),orthostatic hypotension was 0. 06％ (2/3182). (2)The clinical symp-toms in NMS of different etiologies were mainly syncope,dizziness,chest tightness,chest pain,headache,heart pal-pitations. Conclusion The causes of NMS in children are vasovagal syncope and postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome,and the clinical features are syncope,dizziness,chest tightness,chest pain,headache,heart palpitations.

Objective To study the expressions of Eag1 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in colorectal cancer,and to explore the relationships between Eagl and VEGF expressions and clinicopathologic features of colorectal cancer.The correlation between Eag1 and VEGF and their clinical significance in colorectal cancer were explored.Methods A total of 73 cases of colorectal cancer tissues,25 cases of colorectal adenoma and 10 cases of normal colorectal mucosa from January 2015 to December 2016 in Hunan Provincial People's Hospital were collected.The expressions of Eag1,VEGF protein and mRNA in 73 cases of colorectal cancer tissues,25 cases of colorectal adenoma and 10 cases of normal colorectal mucosa were detected by immunohistochemistry and real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR).The relationships between the two factors and the clinical pathological features of patients with colorectal cancer were analyzed.Results Immunohistochemistry showed that the positive rate of Eag1 in colorectal cancer group was 86.30％ (63/73),which was significantly higher than that in colorectal adenoma group (20.00％,5/25) and normal colorectal mucosa group (10.00％,1/10),with significant differences (x2 =38.539,P ＜0.001;x2 =24.874,P ＜ 0.001).The positive rate of VEGF in colorectal cancer group was 89.04％ (65/73),which was significantly higher thah that in colorectal adenoma group (56.00％,14/25) and normal colorectal mucosa group (30.00％,3/10),with significant differences (x2 =10.980,P ＜0.001;x2 =16.911,P ＜0.001).There was a significant positive correlation between Eag1 and VEGF in colorectal cancer and colorectal adenoma tissues (c =0.580,P =0.010;c =0.669,P ＜ 0.001).The results of RT-qPCR showed that the expressions of Eag1 and VEGF mRNA in colorectal cancer group,colorectal adenoma group and normal colorectal mucosa group were 4.50 ±0.34,3.14 ±0.44;1.42 ±0.22,1.61 ±0.15 and 1.00 ±0.16,1.00 ±0.53,respectively,and the differences were statistically significant (F =15.546,P =0.014;F =5.363,P =0.025).The relative expression levels of Eag1 and VEGF mRNA in colorectal cancer group was about 4.50 times (t =31.851,P =0.003) and 3.14 times (t =6.870,P =0.014) than those in normal colorectal mucosa group.The mRNA expression levels of Eag1 and VEGF in colorectal cancer were correlated with degree of differentiation (F =840.725,P ＜ 0.001;F =102.950,P ＜ 0.001),depth of invasion (t =4.754,P ＜ 0.001;t =8.557,P ＜0.001),Duke staging (F =179.902,P ＜ 0.001;F =55.911,P ＜ 0.001) and lymph node metastasis (t =20.337,P ＜ 0.001;t =25.218,P ＜ 0.001).But they were not related to age (t =0.196,P =0.845;t =0.534,P =0.595) and sex (t =0.409,P =0.684;t =1.078,P =0.285).Conclusion Eag1 and VEGF are highly expressed in colorectal cancer tissues with positive correlation,and are closely related to the degree of differentiation,depth of invasion,Duke staging and lymph node metastasis of colorectal cancer.Both of them play important roles in the occurrence and development of colorectal cancer,which is expected to provide favorable research directions to the early diagnosis,treatment and prognosis of colorectal cancer.

Objective To understand the species and susceptibility of pathogens isolated from patients hospitalized in Departments of Internal Medicine and Surgery, and provide scientific basis for reasonable application of antibacterials and prevention and control of drug-resistant bacteria. Methods The pathogen isolation and drug sensitive test reports were collected from inpatients in Departments of Internal Medicine and Surgery in Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University in 2012. The specimens included urine,blood,secretions,sputum,feces,throat swabs,cerebrospinal fluid,and so on. The original data were analyzed by WHONET 5. 5 and SPSS 16. 0 software and the distribution and susceptibility of pathogens isolated from patients hospitalized in Departments of Internal Medicine and Surgery were compared. Results A total of 4 268 strains of bacteria were isolated from 4 092 patients. Of them,2 257 strains were isolated from 2 182 patients in the Department of Internal Medicine and 2 011 were isolated from 1 910 patients in the Department of Surgery. The top 5 bacteria in Department of Internal Medicine were Escherichia coli,Klebsiellapneumonia,Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Coagulase-positive Staphylococcus aureus, and Aerobacter cloacae. The top 5 bacteria in Department of Surgery were Escherichia coli,Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Klebsiellapneumonia, Acinetobacter baumannii,and Aerobacter cloacae. The antimicrobial susceptibility of some pathogens isolated from patients in Department of Internal Medicine were higher than that in Department of Surgery,they were as follows:Escherichia coli vs. cefoperazone/sulbactam,cefepime, ceftazidime,ceftriaxone,amd cefuroxime nitrofurantoin[62. 7%(271/432)vs. 58. 0%(202/348),65. 5%(283/432)vs. 55. 5%(193/348),63. 8%(275/431)vs. 53. 3%(185/347),41. 8%(180/431)vs. 34. 4%(120/349),34. 0%(146/430)vs. 26. 6%(93/349)];Enterobacter cloacae vs. cefepime[94. 4%(151/160)vs. 83. 3%(140/168)];Pseudomonas aeruginosa vs. amikacin[92. 2%(190/206)vs. 86. 1%( 230/267 )]; Acinetobacter baumannii vs. imipenem, meropenem, cefoperazone/sulbactam, ciprofloxacin,and minocycline[30. 1%(31/103)vs. 19. 0%(41/216),29. 7(30/101)vs. 17. 5%(38/217),19. 4%(20/103)vs. 10. 8%(23/213),19. 2%(19/99)vs. 9. 8%(20/204),23. 2%(22/95)vs. 11. 1%(22/198)]. The antimicrobial susceptibility of some pathogens isolated from patients in Department of Internal Medicine were lower than that in Department of Surgery,they were as follows:Staphylococcus aureus vs. trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole,gentamicin,clindamycin[54. 8%(40/73)vs. 78. 9%( 71/90 ),50. 0%( 37/74 ) vs. 71. 3%( 62/87 ),28. 8%( 21/73 ) vs. 46. 6%( 41/88 )];Klebsiella pneumoniae vs. levofloxacin [ 77. 3%( 269/348 ) vs. 90. 5%( 239/264 )], Pseudomonas aeruginosa vs. tobramycin[81. 8%(148/181)vs. 88. 7%(235/265)]. The differences above mentioned were statistically significant(all P﹤ 0. 05). Conclusions The species of bacteria isolated from patients in Department of Internal Medicine and Surgery are different and the susceptibility of the same kind of bacteria to the same kind of antibacterial agent is also different. Clinician should use antibacterials rationally according to the results of drug sensitivity tests.

Objective To understand the species and susceptibility of pathogens isolated from patients hospitalized in Departments of Internal Medicine and Surgery, and provide scientific basis for reasonable application of antibacterials and prevention and control of drug-resistant bacteria. Methods The pathogen isolation and drug sensitive test reports were collected from inpatients in Departments of Internal Medicine and Surgery in Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University in 2012. The specimens included urine,blood,secretions,sputum,feces,throat swabs,cerebrospinal fluid,and so on. The original data were analyzed by WHONET 5. 5 and SPSS 16. 0 software and the distribution and susceptibility of pathogens isolated from patients hospitalized in Departments of Internal Medicine and Surgery were compared. Results A total of 4 268 strains of bacteria were isolated from 4 092 patients. Of them,2 257 strains were isolated from 2 182 patients in the Department of Internal Medicine and 2 011 were isolated from 1 910 patients in the Department of Surgery. The top 5 bacteria in Department of Internal Medicine were Escherichia coli,Klebsiellapneumonia,Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Coagulase-positive Staphylococcus aureus, and Aerobacter cloacae. The top 5 bacteria in Department of Surgery were Escherichia coli,Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Klebsiellapneumonia, Acinetobacter baumannii,and Aerobacter cloacae. The antimicrobial susceptibility of some pathogens isolated from patients in Department of Internal Medicine were higher than that in Department of Surgery,they were as follows:Escherichia coli vs. cefoperazone/sulbactam,cefepime, ceftazidime,ceftriaxone,amd cefuroxime nitrofurantoin[62. 7%(271/432)vs. 58. 0%(202/348),65. 5%(283/432)vs. 55. 5%(193/348),63. 8%(275/431)vs. 53. 3%(185/347),41. 8%(180/431)vs. 34. 4%(120/349),34. 0%(146/430)vs. 26. 6%(93/349)];Enterobacter cloacae vs. cefepime[94. 4%(151/160)vs. 83. 3%(140/168)];Pseudomonas aeruginosa vs. amikacin[92. 2%(190/206)vs. 86. 1%( 230/267 )]; Acinetobacter baumannii vs. imipenem, meropenem, cefoperazone/sulbactam, ciprofloxacin,and minocycline[30. 1%(31/103)vs. 19. 0%(41/216),29. 7(30/101)vs. 17. 5%(38/217),19. 4%(20/103)vs. 10. 8%(23/213),19. 2%(19/99)vs. 9. 8%(20/204),23. 2%(22/95)vs. 11. 1%(22/198)]. The antimicrobial susceptibility of some pathogens isolated from patients in Department of Internal Medicine were lower than that in Department of Surgery,they were as follows:Staphylococcus aureus vs. trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole,gentamicin,clindamycin[54. 8%(40/73)vs. 78. 9%( 71/90 ),50. 0%( 37/74 ) vs. 71. 3%( 62/87 ),28. 8%( 21/73 ) vs. 46. 6%( 41/88 )];Klebsiella pneumoniae vs. levofloxacin [ 77. 3%( 269/348 ) vs. 90. 5%( 239/264 )], Pseudomonas aeruginosa vs. tobramycin[81. 8%(148/181)vs. 88. 7%(235/265)]. The differences above mentioned were statistically significant(all P﹤ 0. 05). Conclusions The species of bacteria isolated from patients in Department of Internal Medicine and Surgery are different and the susceptibility of the same kind of bacteria to the same kind of antibacterial agent is also different. Clinician should use antibacterials rationally according to the results of drug sensitivity tests.

Objective To explore whether the Kang Kefei and Tian Runmei′s diagnostic criteria (K-T criteria) is suitable for atopic dermatitis(AD). Methods 917 AD patients, whose diagnosis had been made with the Hanifin and Rajka criteria (H-R criteria) previously, were redignosed by K-T criteria. Their atopic history, and clinical fealures were analysed, too. Results 888 out of 917 patients(96.84%) were consistent with K-T criteria.763 patients (83.21%) had personal or family atopic history. The frequency of facial dermatitis was higher in infantile AD group than that in childhood AD group, adolescence AD group, and adult group. Whereas,the frequency of xerosis,ichthyosis,keratosis pilaris and orbital darkening was lower in infantile AD group than those in other groups. Conclusion Atopic history is an important factor in the diagnosisof AD. K-T criteria is practical and of value in the diagnosis of AD.

To evaluate the relationship between the family atopic history(FAH) and clinical,labo- ratory parameters and diagnosis in patients with atopic dermatitis(AD).One hundred and fifty-eight AD patients were included in this study and the patients were divided into two groups,89 eases (56.3%) with FAH and 69 cases(43.7%) without FAH.The personal and family atopie history,the distribution and morphology of the lesions,five associated clinical manifestations and laboratory tests were per- formed in 158 cases with AD.In comparison of the patients with FAH with the cases without FAH,the age of onset in AD patients under two years was 92.1% and 84.1%,respectively;persistent course, 55.1% and 43.5%;the average time of intermittent course,5.7 years and 9.6 years;the age of onset of respiratory tract allergy(AR),4.1 years and 6.2 years in cases with asthma,8.8 years and 11.1 years in allergic rhinitis (R).The morbidity of asthma in patients with personal and family atopic history was higher and it was higher in Ⅰ and Ⅱ generation also.The levels of serum IgE in AD patients with per- sonal and family history of AR were higher than those in without AR history(P