Aim To explore the action mechanism of isoquercitrin(IQ)in ameliorating anxiety based on network pharmacology,cellular transcriptomics,molecu-lar docking and animal experiments.Methods The common targets of anxiety disorders and IQ were ob-tained by using relevant databases.The protein-protein interaction network,the biological function and signa-ling pathway enrichment analysis were conducted by u-sing the common targets.Primary hippocampal neurons were cultured in vitro,and corticosterone was added to induce neurons to establish a corticosterone injury mod-el.IQ treatment was added to the culture system,and transcriptomics was used to screen for differentially ex-pressed genes and enrich for differentially expressed pathways.Subsequently,the results were validated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR).Possible targets and signaling pathways for IQ treatment on anxiety were speculated and screened u-sing network pharmacology,transcriptomics and molec-ular docking.The anxiety rat model was constructed,and the anxiety state of rats was evaluated after IQ in-tervention,and the protein expression level of hippo-campus was detected to verify the relevant mechanism.Results Network pharmacology,cellular transcrip-tome,and molecular docking analyses revealed that the key mechanism of IQ for anxiety may be related to the BDKRB2/PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.Animal exper-iments showed that IQ was effective in improving anxie-ty behaviour and learning memory ability in rats.IQ increased the movement distance and residence time in the central area of the open field,the time and number percentage of entries into the open arm in the elevated plus maze,and the spontaneous alternations score in the Y maze in rats,and significantly elevated protein expression of BDKRB2,PI3K,Akt and decreased pro-tein expression of NF-κB in the hippocampus.Conclu-sions Isoquercitrin can effectively treat anxiety,and the mechanism of action may be related to the regula-tion of BDKRB2/PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in hip-pocampus.

This study aimed to characterize and identify the non-volatile components in aqueous and ethanolic extracts of the stems and leaves of Rhododendron tomentosum by using sensitive and efficient ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time of flight mass spectrometry(UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS) combined with a self-built information database. By comparing with reference compounds, analyzing fragment ion information, searching relevant literature, and using a self-built information database, 118 compounds were identified from the aqueous and ethanolic extracts of R. tomentosum, including 35 flavonoid glycosides, 15 phenolic glycosides, 12 flavonoids, 7 phenolic acids, 7 phenylethanol glycosides, 6 tannins, 6 phospholipids, 5 coumarins, 5 monoterpene glycosides, 6 triterpenes, 3 fatty acids, and 11 other types of compounds. Among them, 102 compounds were reported in R. tomentosum for the first time, and 36 compounds were identified by comparing them with reference compounds. The chemical components in the ethanolic and aqueous extracts of R. tomentosum leaves and stems showed slight differences, with 84 common chemical components accounting for 71.2% of the total 118 compounds. This study systematically characterized and identified the non-volatile chemical components in the ethanolic and aqueous extracts of R. tomentosum for the first time. The findings provide a reference for active ingredient research, quality control, and product development of R. tomentosum.
Rhododendron/chemistry* ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid/methods* ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/chemistry* ; Mass Spectrometry/methods* ; Plant Leaves/chemistry*

Aim To explore the action mechanism of isoquercitrin(IQ)in ameliorating anxiety based on network pharmacology,cellular transcriptomics,molecu-lar docking and animal experiments.Methods The common targets of anxiety disorders and IQ were ob-tained by using relevant databases.The protein-protein interaction network,the biological function and signa-ling pathway enrichment analysis were conducted by u-sing the common targets.Primary hippocampal neurons were cultured in vitro,and corticosterone was added to induce neurons to establish a corticosterone injury mod-el.IQ treatment was added to the culture system,and transcriptomics was used to screen for differentially ex-pressed genes and enrich for differentially expressed pathways.Subsequently,the results were validated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR).Possible targets and signaling pathways for IQ treatment on anxiety were speculated and screened u-sing network pharmacology,transcriptomics and molec-ular docking.The anxiety rat model was constructed,and the anxiety state of rats was evaluated after IQ in-tervention,and the protein expression level of hippo-campus was detected to verify the relevant mechanism.Results Network pharmacology,cellular transcrip-tome,and molecular docking analyses revealed that the key mechanism of IQ for anxiety may be related to the BDKRB2/PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.Animal exper-iments showed that IQ was effective in improving anxie-ty behaviour and learning memory ability in rats.IQ increased the movement distance and residence time in the central area of the open field,the time and number percentage of entries into the open arm in the elevated plus maze,and the spontaneous alternations score in the Y maze in rats,and significantly elevated protein expression of BDKRB2,PI3K,Akt and decreased pro-tein expression of NF-κB in the hippocampus.Conclu-sions Isoquercitrin can effectively treat anxiety,and the mechanism of action may be related to the regula-tion of BDKRB2/PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in hip-pocampus.

It has become a common consensus that resource conservation and intensive recycling for improving resource utilization efficiency is an important way to achieve carbon peak and carbon neutrality(dual carbon). Traditonal Chinese medicine(TCM)resources as national strategic resources are the material basis and fundamental guarantee for the development of TCM industry and health services. However, the rapid growth of China's TCM industry and the continuous expansion and extension of the industrial chain have exposed the low efficiency of TCM resources. Resource waste and environmental pollution caused by the treatment and discharge of TCM waste have emerged as major problems faced by the development of the industry, which has aroused wide concern. Considering the dual carbon goals, this paper expounds the role and potential of TCM resource recycling and circular economy industry development. Taking the typical model of TCM resource recycling as the case of circular economy industry in reducing carbon source and increasing carbon sink, this paper puts forward the suggestions for the TCM circular economy industry serving the double carbon goals. The suggestions mainly include strengthening the policy and strategic leading role of the double carbon goals, building an objective evaluation system of low-carbon emission reduction in the whole industrial chain of TCM resources, building an industrial demonstration park for the recycling of TCM resources, and promoting the establishment of a circular economy system of the whole industrial chain of TCM resources. These measures are expected to guide the green transformation of TCM resource industry from linear economic model to circular economy model, provide support for improving the utilization efficiency and sustainable development of TCM resources, and facilitate the low-carbon and efficient development of TCM resource industry and the achievement of the double carbon goals.
Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Equipment Reuse ; Goals ; Environmental Pollution ; Economic Development ; Carbon ; China

AIM:To investigate the effects of ubiquitin-specific peptidase 9, X-linked (USP9X) down-regula-tion on apoptosis and invasion ability in gastric carcinoma cells, and to explore its possible molecular mechanisms. METH-ODS:USP9X small interfering RNA (siRNA) and control siRNA were used to be transfected into gastric carcinoma AGS cells. The cells were divided into 3 groups, including untreated AGS group, control siRNA group and USP9X siRNA group. The expression of USP9X at mRNA and protein levels in the AGS cells with different treatments was determined by real-time PCR and Western blot. The cell viability was analyzed by CCK-8 assay. Flow cytometry and Boyden chamber were employed to examine the apoptosis and invasion ability of the AGS cells. RESULTS:USP9X siRNA significantly down-regulated the expression of USP9X at mRNA and protein levels in the AGS cells. Down-regulation of USP9X markedly induced apoptosis and reduced invasion ability of the gastric carcinoma AGS cells. Notably, down-regulation of USP9X sig-nificantly reduced the protein expression of Mcl-1 and MMP-2, but markedly increased the protein level of Bax. CON-CLUSION:USP9X may be a key regulator for apoptosis and invasion in gastric carcinoma.

The aim of the present study was to explore a sensitive, stable and reliable method for evaluating the phagocytosis, in which RAW264.7 macrophages engulfed GFP-Escherichia coli was tested by high-content screening technology. The study was conducted to optimize the method in evaluation of traditional Chinese medicine in the promotion of macrophage function. By testing macrophages at different ratio of bacteria to cells (multiplicity of infection, MOI), and at different incubation time, we optimized a high content screening method and the experimental parameters to determine the impact of bacteria in macrophages (fluorescence intensity index = be swallowed bacteria/macrophages). The method was used to determine whether Dendrobium moniliforme (DM) have effects on macrophage phagocytosis. The results show that the index has a positive relationship with MOI values, and the highest index was observed at incubation time of 1.5 h. The optimized conditions was 1×10⁴ cells/well with a MOI of 50:1 (bacteria:cells) with incubation of 1.5 h. Under this condition, the relative standard deviation (RSD) was less than 10% in the precision test. Using the method to detect DM regulating macrophage phagocytosis experiment results showed that in 0.31-2.50 g·L^-1 concentration range, DM has a dose-response effect in promoting phagocytosis. We successfully established the method for evaluation of macrophage phagocytosis, and proved the activity of DM in promotion of macrophage phagocytosis.

This study was designed to establish a multiplex allele-specific polymerase chain reaction method for simultaneous identification of Dendrobium huoshanense, D. officinale and D. devonianum, which may resolve identification problems of caulis dendrobii. Internal transcribed spacer sequences and trnL-trnF sequences of the Dendrobium species were aligned by BioEdit software, then specific SNPs of the three species were analyzed for designing allele-specific primers and the multiplex allele-specific PCR reaction system was established. The different origin of Dendrobium huoshanense, D. officinale and D. devonianum was amplified and identified by the sizes of respective band. The results showed that 584 bp, 397 bp and 211 bp bands could be amplified by D. devonianum, Dendrobium officinale and Dendrobium huoshanense respectively, when the annealing temperature was 61 ℃ and the number of cycles was 35. The limit of detection (LOD) of D. devonianum and D. huoshanense were both 1.2 ng, while D. officinale was low than 0.24 ng. The detection limit of adulterates in D. devonianum, D. devonianum and D. huoshanense mixture sample was 1%, 1% and 5% respectively. This result suggests that the method of multiplex allele-specific PCR is useful to identify D. huoshanense, D. officinale and D. devonianum is accurate and specific.

This study was aimed to analyze the correlation between commercial specifications of Panacis Quinquefolii Radix and quantitative indexes of sevent kinds of ginsenosides (ginsenosides Rg¹, Re, Rb¹, Rc, Rb₂, Rb₃, Rd) contained in Panacis Quinquefolii Radix by using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), explore the correlation between the characteristics of the traditional Panacis Quinquefolii Radix specifications and modern chemical quantitative indicators, and provide a theoretical basis for the quality grade evaluation of Panacis Quinquefolii Radix. The HPLC fingerprint method was used to analyze 40 batches of Panacis Quinquefolii Radix. A total of 19 peaks were marked, and the similarity was above 0.900 for all samples. On this basis, processing methods, product specifications, contents of 7 components, and the total contents of ginsenoside Rg¹, Re and Rb¹ were used as the original variables for cluster analysis and principal component analysis. The results showed great correlation between the quality of Panacis Quinquefolii Radix and the information on their origins, but the difference was less with the characteristics of traditional commercial specifications, indicating some limitations in the division of commercial specifications of Panacis Quinquefolii Radix. The results revealed the intrinsic relationship between the product specifications, traditional qualitative indexes, and quantitative indexes of chemical components of Panacis Quinquefolii Radix, providing a new idea for the objective comprehensive evaluation of the quality of Panacis Quinquefolii Radix.

The mycelium growth and sporulation in different temperature, pH value and light conditions were detected by using the crossing and haemocytometer method. The toxicity of five fungicides to Fusarium oxysporum was tested by mycelia growth method, so as to provide the reference for prevention and control against F. oxysporum. The optimum temperature and pH value of F. oxysporum to grow and spore were 28 degrees C and 6-7. Alternating light and darkness promoted growth and sporulation of bacterial colony. As for five fungicides, the EC50 of tebuconazole was 10.02 mg x L(-1), 92.50 times as much as carbendazim. The EC50 of myclobutanil and Fuxing was 91.23, 96.68 mg x L(-1), respectively. Tebuconazole showed the most tremendous inhibitory effect and control efficiency on F. oxysporum.
Fungicides, Industrial ; pharmacology ; Fusarium ; drug effects ; growth & development ; Mycelium ; drug effects ; growth & development ; Orchidaceae ; microbiology ; Plant Diseases ; microbiology ; Spores, Fungal ; drug effects ; growth & development

Traditional Chinese medicinal resource survey method is time-consuming, strenuous, and having great human influence, the precision is not high enough. This paper, by using spatial information technology, carries on spatial sampling survey for wild medicinal plants resource for generous species to arrange the quadrat scientifically and estimate the suitable area, reserve precisely of medicinal plants. It not only improves the survey precision, but reduces the workload of field survey and provides scientific basis for survey method of pilot work on the fourth national traditional Chinese medicinal resource census.
Biodiversity ; Conservation of Natural Resources ; Ecosystem ; Humans ; Plants, Medicinal ; Spatial Analysis