In recent years,significant breakthroughs have been achieved in the immunotherapy for Alzheimer's disease.In line with global advancements,two anti-amyloid-β monoclonal antibodies have been approved and successfully launched in China for clinical use.Lecanemab and Donanemab were officially used in June 2024 and April 2025 in China,respectively.In order to standardize the rational and safe application of anti-amyloid-β monoclonal antibodies for Alzheimer's disease in China,this article integrates recom-mendations from the clinical trials and real-world experience from the author's team and domestic peers to further update the recom-mendations for the clinical use of anti-amyloid-β monoclonal antibody based on the 2024 version.It includes indications for therapy,pre-treatment evaluation and preparation,administration protocols and safety measures during treatment,and post-treatment monitor-ing strategies.

Objective To explore the expression of serum fatty acid-binding protein 4(FABP4)and fibroblast growth factor 19(FGF19)in patients with β-thalassemia and their relationship with clinical prognosis.Methods A total of 112 cases ofβ-thalassemia patients diagnosed and treated in Qianjiang Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing University from January 2018 to August 2020 were selected as the case group,and 60 healthy individuals who underwent physical examinations during the same period were taken as the control group.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect levels of serum FABP4 and FGF19 expression.Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to analyze factors affecting the prognosis of patients with β-thalassemia.Receiver operating characteristic curve was used to analyze the prognostic value of FABP4 and FGF19 in patients with β-thalassemia.Results The serum FABP4 level(67.13±11.35 μg/L)in the case group was higher than that in the control group(22.01±4.16μg/L),while the serum FGF19 level(104.24±21.46 ng/L)was lower than that in the control group(218.01±36.79 ng/L),with significant differences(t=29.708,25.620,all P＜0.05).The serum FABP4 levels(54.20±12.63 μ g/L,66.83±10.5 μ g/L,79.72±11.05 μ g/L)in the mild group,intermediate group,and severe group were increased sequentially,while FGF19 levels(122.53±22.36 ng/L,103.16±20.37 ng/L,86.53±18.14 ng/L)were decreased sequentially,and the differences were significant(F=39.701,24.231,all P＜0.05).Compared to the survival group,serum FGF19 level(62.80±22.09 ng/L vs 110.16±20.69 ng/L),Hb and the proportion of heterozygous genotypes in the death group patients(β CD17/β N,β CD41-42/β N)was lower,while serum FABP4(116.69±12.30 ng/L vs 60.05±10.17 ng/L),ferritin and the proportion of cardiac enlargement were higher,with significant differences(t/x2=4.436～18.981,all P＜0.05).FGF19(OR=0.634,95％CI:0.451～0.891)was an independent protective factor for β-thalassemia patients(P＜0.001),and serum FABP4(OR=1.840,95％CI:1.193～2.838)was an independent risk factor for prognosis(P＜0.001).The area under the curve(95％CI)of serum FABP4 and FGF19 combination in prognosis evaluation for β-thalassemia patients was 0.897(0.853～0.951),which was greater than the single serum indicator detection of 0.842(0.801～0.879)and 0.814(0.762～0.858),with significant differences(Z=4.864,5.270,P=0.002,0.001).Conclusion The serum FABP4 expression is increased,but serum FGF19 expression is decreased in patients with β-thalassemia.The combination of serum FABP4 and FGF19 may have a high predictive value for the prognosis of patients with β-thalassemia.

Pyroptosis is a kind of inflammatory cell death mediated by the Gasdermin family,which has made great progress in tumor therapy in recent years.Basing on that cell pyroptosis can activate the anti-tumor immune response,and tumor immunotherapy is a new field of tumor therapy,the regulation of cell pyroptosis exhibits great potential for tumor therapy.Meanwhile,nanotechnology is the key means of tumor precision treatment with the advantages of precise targeting and continuous release.Based on these current situations,this paper summarizes the drugs that activate pyroptosis and the nanocarriers that use nanotechnology to promote pyroptosis to participate in tumor therapy,and summarizes the mechanism and application of their action on pyroptosis.This paper is aimed to provide certain references for anti-tumor therapy based on pyroptosis.

Humans ; Computed Tomography Angiography ; Deep Learning ; Coronary Angiography ; Coronary Artery Disease ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Coronary Stenosis/diagnosis* ; Retrospective Studies ; Fractional Flow Reserve, Myocardial ; Predictive Value of Tests

Desmoplastic tumors have an abundance of stromal cells and the extracellular matrix which usually result in therapeutic resistance. Current treatment prescriptions for desmoplastic tumors are usually not sufficient to eliminate the malignancy. Recently, through modulating cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) which are the most abundant cell type among all stromal cells, natural products have improved chemotherapies and the delivery of nanomedicines to the tumor cells, showing promising ability to improve treatment effects on desmoplastic tumors. In this review, we discussed the latest advances in inhibiting desmoplastic tumors by modeling CAFs using natural products, highlighting the potential therapeutic abilities of natural products in targeting CAFs for cancer treatment.

Objective To optimize the extraction process and improve the quality of Toufu irrigation.Methods Matrine assay was selected to be the indicator for the extraction efficacy.Orthogonal test was used to determine the optimal water a-mount,extraction time and extraction frequency.Results The best extraction process was to extract 90 minutes twice with the water amount 8 times of the dry herbal material by weight.Conclusion This process is feasible and repeatable.It can be used for the quality control of the preparation.

Brain tumor incidence shows an upward trend in recent years; brain tumors account for 5% of adult tumors, while in children, this figure has increased to 70%. Moreover, 20%-30% of malignant tumors will eventually metastasize into the brain. Both benign and malignant tumors can cause an increase in intracranial pressure and brain tissue compression, leading to central nervous system (CNS) damage which endangers the patients' lives. Despite the many approaches to treating brain tumors and the progress that has been made, only modest gains in survival time of brain tumor patients have been achieved. At present, chemotherapy is the treatment of choice for many cancers, but the special structure of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) limits most chemotherapeutic agents from passing through the BBB and penetrating into tumors in the brain. The BBB microenvironment contains numerous cell types, including endothelial cells, astrocytes, peripheral cells and microglia, and extracellular matrix (ECM). Many chemical components of natural products are reported to regulate the BBB microenvironment near brain tumors and assist in their treatment. This review focuses on the composition and function of the BBB microenvironment under both physiological and pathological conditions, and the current research progress in regulating the BBB microenvironment by natural products to promote the treatment of brain tumors.

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of intern doctor training by 360 degree evaluation scale and to provide references for formulating targeted training plan. Methods A 360-degree evaluation scale with 6 subscales(Attendings, Peers, Nurse, Patients, Directors and Students) was employed to measure the status quo of medical education , represented by professional ethics and communication skills, among 129 intern doctors in medical clinical college. Cronbach's alpha was used to evaluate the reliability of the scale,one-way ANOVA was used to compare the difference of score among different scorers,and t test and Mann-Whitney test were employed to compare scores be-tween male group and female group, 5-year class and 8-year class (The significance level was set at P<0.05). Results Cronbach' α coefficients were 0.878, 0.948, 0.914, 0.908, and 0.934 for six sub-scales and 0.964 for the general scale. There were significant differences in evaluation scale scores a-mong differ-ent evaluators(P<0.01). After being adjusted by weight index, the average scores of pro-fessional ethics and communication ability & interpersonal relationship were ( 92 . 52 ± 8 . 09 ) and (93.32±8.67) respectively. No differences was observed between male and female, 5-year class and 8-year class(P>0.05). Conclusions 360 degree evaluation scale has reasonable reliability and it can provide valuable references for future similar survey in China. Meanwhile, intern doctors exhibit rela-tively good performances in professional ethics and communication ability & interpersonal relationship in the present study.