Objective To investigate the effect of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor (empagliflozin, EMPA) on myocardial remodeling in a mouse uremic cardiomyopathy (UCM) model induced by 5/6 nephrectomy, through the phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (PKB/AKT)/p65 signaling pathway. Methods The animals were divided into three groups: Sham group (n=6), UCM group (n=8), and UCM＋EMPA group (n=8). A UCM model was established in C57BL/6N mice using the 5/6 nephrectomy. Starting from 5 weeks post-surgery, EMPA or a placebo was administered. After 16 weeks, blood pressure, serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, 24-hour urine glucose and urine sodium were measured. Cardiac structure and function were assessed by echocardiography. Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining and Masson trichrome staining were used to observe pathological changes in the heart and kidneys. Wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) staining was used to evaluate myocardial hypertrophy. The real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) was used to detect the expression levels of myocardial hypertrophy- and fibrosis-related mRNAs. Western blotting was used to detect the expression levels of PI3K, AKT and p65 in myocardial tissues. Results After 16 weeks, UCM group exhibited significantly higher blood pressure, serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen than sham group (P＜0.01); UCM＋EMPA group exhibited lower blood pressure, serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, and higher 24 h urine sodium and glucose than UCM group (P＜0.05). Echocardiographic results showed ventricular remodeling in the UCM group, evidenced by left ventricular wall thickening, left ventricular enlargement, increased left ventricular mass, and decreased systolic function (P＜0.05); ventricular remodeling was alleviated (P＜0.05), though there was no significant improvement in systolic function in UCM＋EMPA group. HE and Masson stainings revealed myocardial degeneration, necrosis, and interstitial fibrosis in UCM group (P＜0.01); the myocardial pathology improved with reduced collagen deposition in UCM＋EMPA group (P＜0.01). WGA staining confirmed myocardial hypertrophy in UCM group (P＜0.01), while myocardial hypertrophy was alleviated in UCM＋EMPA group (P＜0.01). RT-qPCR results showed myocardial hypertrophy- and fibrosis-related genes (NPPA, NPPB, MYH7, COL1A1, COL3A1, TGF-β1) were upregulated in UCM group (P＜0.05), but downregulated in UCM＋EMPA group. Western blotting showed PI3K, p-AKT/AKT ratio, and p-p65/p65 ratio were increased in UCM group, but decreased in UCM＋EMPA group (P＜0.05). Conclusion EMPA can improve myocardial hypertrophy and fibrosis in the UCM mouse model, and it may play the role through inhibiting the PI3K/AKT/p65 signaling pathway.

OBJECTIVES: Hysterectomy remains the only definitively effective treatment for diffuse uterine leiomyomatosis (DUL). However, no standardized management strategy exists for DUL patients wishing to preserve fertility. This study summarizes and analyzes 5 cases of individualized treatment in DUL patients desiring fertility preservation, aiming to provide a clinical reference for personalized management of similar patients. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 5 DUL patients with fertility intentions admitted to the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University. To preserve fertility, individualized treatment plans were selected based on clinical manifestations and fibroid distribution. One patient received high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU); one underwent hysteroscopic myomectomy (HM) combined with laparoscopic myomectomy (LRM); one underwent HIFU combined with HM and LRM; one received drug therapy combined with staged HM; and one underwent HIFU combined with staged HM and drug therapy. Treatment outcomes and pregnancy results were analyzed. RESULTS: After treatment, all 5 patients showed marked improvement in menstrual volume or dysmenorrhea symptoms and significant reduction in uterine volume; mild intrauterine adhesions occurred in 3 cases. All 5 patients achieved successful pregnancy. One patient with chronic hypertension developed severe preeclampsia at 34 weeks and underwent cesarean section, while the remaining 4 delivered at term by cesarean section. Three cases of placenta accreta and 2 cases of postpartum hemorrhage occurred. During long-term follow-up, one patient underwent hysterectomy 2 years postpartum due to increased menstrual volume, while the other 4 remained stable. CONCLUSIONS Individualized treatment tailored to DUL patients' conditions can preserve fertility, support successful pregnancy, and achieve favorable pregnancy outcomes.
Humans ; Female ; Pregnancy ; Leiomyomatosis/therapy* ; Uterine Neoplasms/therapy* ; Adult ; Retrospective Studies ; Fertility Preservation/methods* ; Hysterectomy ; Uterine Myomectomy/methods* ; High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound Ablation ; Pregnancy Outcome

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Qixian Tongluo Formula in the treatment of post-cerebral infarction paralysis with kidney deficiency and blood stasis syndrome,and to preliminarily explore the molecular mechanism of Qixian Tongluo Formula in improving impaired motor function from the perspective of cross-kingdom regulation of Chinese medicine microRNA(miRNA).Methods A pragmatic randomized controlled trial was conducted with 102 patients in the recovery period of post-cerebral infarction paralysis with kidney deficiency and blood stasis syndrome in our hospital.Patients were randomly divided into trial group and control group,with 51 cases in each group.The control group received standard Western medicine standard treatment,while the trial group received Qixian Tongluo Formula in addition to the standard treatment,with one dose per day,boiled in water,and taken warm after breakfast and dinner for a course of 2 months.The disability rate was used as the main efficacy indicator,and the incidence of adverse reactions was used as a safety indicator.miRNA from patient serum and Qixian Tongluo decoction were extracted respectively,and high-throughput sequencing was performed.The two sequences were compared to screen out the cross-kingdom gene transfer of Chinese medicine miRNA.Finally,its target genes of miRNA were predicted,and GO function and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis were carried out.Results A total of 67 patients completed the clinical trial,including 36 cases in the trial group and 31 cases in the control group;The disability rate in the trial group(13.9%)was lower than that in the control group(35.5%)(P<0.05);The incidence of adverse reactions was similar between the trial group(7.69%)and the control group(6.06%)(P>0.05);A total of 9530 Qixian Tongluo decoction miRNA sequences were screened,with 150 potentially involved in cross-kingdom gene transfer,including families such as miR-15 and miR-17;According to the target gene prediction of the top 10 miRNAs in cross-kingdom gene transfer of Chinese medicine,345 overlapping target genes were obtained;GO functional enrichment analysis revealed 16 biological processes,7 cellular components,and 2 molecular functions among the top 25 enriched functions,while KEGG pathway analysis mainly focused on the transforming growth factor-βsignaling pathway,neurotrophin signaling pathway,which are closely related to neural repair and functional recovery processes such as glial scar formation and synaptic plasticity after cerebral ischemia.Conclusion Qixian Tongluo Formula can significantly improve the functional independence level of patients with kidney deficiency and blood stasis syndrome in the recovery period of paralysis after cerebral infarction,offering a safe and effective treatment option for these patients;There were a large number of miRNAs in Qixian Tongluo decoction,some of which could cross-kingdom transferred into the human blood circulation,and promote the recovery of motor function in patients with cerebral infarction through multi-target,multi link and multi pathway gene network regulation.This study provides a new idea for subsequent clinical and basic research.

Objectives:To investigate the expression and clinical prognostic implication of secreted frizzled-related protein 4(SFRP4)in the peripheral blood of patients with dilated cardiomyopathy(DCM)and its.Methods:A total of 259 consecutive patients diagnosed with DCM who were admitted to the Cardiac Center of Zhongshan Hospital,Fudan University,from January 2017 to January 2019 were selected for the DCM group.Additionally,84 individuals who underwent health examinations and echocardiography at our hospital during this period,confirmed to be free of cardiovascular diseases,were selected as the control group.Peripheral serum samples were collected from both groups,and serum SFRP4 levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).The correlation between SFRP4 levels and DCM severity,as well as its predictive value for DCM prognosis,were analyzed.Results:Compared to the control group,the serum SFRP4 levels in the DCM group were significantly elevated([28.54±10.25]ng/ml vs.[52.70±19.74]ng/ml,P<0.05).The DCM group was randomly divided into a training set and a validation set in a 2:1 ratio.Multivariate logistic regression analysis in the training set revealed that serum SFRP4 levels were independently associated with all-cause mortality in DCM patients(OR=1.06,95% CI:1.03-1.10,P<0.001).We further evaluated the model's predictive performance with the receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves(area under curve>0.8),calibration curves,and decision curve analysis,results indicated that the predictive model containing serum SFRP4 levels showed good performance on predicting all-cause mortality in DCM patients.Kaplan-Meier survival curve analysis demonstrated that during a median follow-up of 33.5(11.0,49.0)months,DCM patients with high peripheral blood SFRP4 levels(≥75th percentile)had a significantly higher incidence of all-cause mortality compared to those with low levels(<75th percentile)(28.81% vs.16.57%,P=0.02).Conclusions:The level of SFRP4 in the peripheral blood of DCM patients is significantly elevated,and peripheral serum SFRP4 levels have potential prognostic value for predicting the all-cause mortality in DCM patients.

Background:To compare the efficacy and safety of monthly administrations of gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) agonists LY01005 and Zoladex ? in Chinese patients with premenopausal breast cancer. Methods:From October 2020 to November 2021, 188 premenopausal breast cancer patients were enrolled in 34 hospitals and randomized 1:1 to receive either LY01005 or Zoladex ? every 28 days for a total of three injections. All patients concomitantly received oral tamoxifen (TAM). The primary efficacy endpoint was cumulative probability of maintaining menopausal level [oestradiol (E2) ≤30 pg/ml] from day 29 to day 85. The second efficacy endpoint included changes in E2, luteinizing hormone (LH), and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) compared with the baseline. Pharmacokinetics (PK), pharmacodynamics (PD), and safety were analyzed. The study also evaluated the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic characteristics of LY01005. Results:A total of 188 patients were randomised and 187 patients received either LY01005 or Zoladex ?. Cumulative probabilities of maintaining menopausal level (E2≤30 pg/ml) from day 29 to day 85 were 93.1% for LY01005 and 86.3% for Zoladex ?. The between-group difference was 6.8% (95% CI: -2.3%, 15.9%) and primary efficacy in the LY01005 group was not inferior to that in the Zoladex ? group. Changes in E2, LH, and FSH levels compared with the baseline were equivalent between the two groups (E2: 89.34% to 90.23% vs. 82.11% to 85.02%; LH: 88.89% to 95.52% vs. 89.70% to 97.02%; FSH: 75.36% to 80.85% vs.73.07% to 80.24%, respectively). After three consecutive doses of LY01005, the LH and FSH levels of the subjects showed a transient increase after the first dose, reached a peak on the second day and then started to decrease. The LH and FSH reached a lower level and remained at or below that level until the 85th day. Both treatments were well-tolerated. Conclusion:LY01005 is as effective as Zoladex ? in suppressing E2 to menopausal levels in Chinese patients with premenopausal breast cancer, with a similar safety profile.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Qixian Tongluo Formula in the treatment of post-cerebral infarction paralysis with kidney deficiency and blood stasis syndrome,and to preliminarily explore the molecular mechanism of Qixian Tongluo Formula in improving impaired motor function from the perspective of cross-kingdom regulation of Chinese medicine microRNA(miRNA).Methods A pragmatic randomized controlled trial was conducted with 102 patients in the recovery period of post-cerebral infarction paralysis with kidney deficiency and blood stasis syndrome in our hospital.Patients were randomly divided into trial group and control group,with 51 cases in each group.The control group received standard Western medicine standard treatment,while the trial group received Qixian Tongluo Formula in addition to the standard treatment,with one dose per day,boiled in water,and taken warm after breakfast and dinner for a course of 2 months.The disability rate was used as the main efficacy indicator,and the incidence of adverse reactions was used as a safety indicator.miRNA from patient serum and Qixian Tongluo decoction were extracted respectively,and high-throughput sequencing was performed.The two sequences were compared to screen out the cross-kingdom gene transfer of Chinese medicine miRNA.Finally,its target genes of miRNA were predicted,and GO function and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis were carried out.Results A total of 67 patients completed the clinical trial,including 36 cases in the trial group and 31 cases in the control group;The disability rate in the trial group(13.9%)was lower than that in the control group(35.5%)(P<0.05);The incidence of adverse reactions was similar between the trial group(7.69%)and the control group(6.06%)(P>0.05);A total of 9530 Qixian Tongluo decoction miRNA sequences were screened,with 150 potentially involved in cross-kingdom gene transfer,including families such as miR-15 and miR-17;According to the target gene prediction of the top 10 miRNAs in cross-kingdom gene transfer of Chinese medicine,345 overlapping target genes were obtained;GO functional enrichment analysis revealed 16 biological processes,7 cellular components,and 2 molecular functions among the top 25 enriched functions,while KEGG pathway analysis mainly focused on the transforming growth factor-βsignaling pathway,neurotrophin signaling pathway,which are closely related to neural repair and functional recovery processes such as glial scar formation and synaptic plasticity after cerebral ischemia.Conclusion Qixian Tongluo Formula can significantly improve the functional independence level of patients with kidney deficiency and blood stasis syndrome in the recovery period of paralysis after cerebral infarction,offering a safe and effective treatment option for these patients;There were a large number of miRNAs in Qixian Tongluo decoction,some of which could cross-kingdom transferred into the human blood circulation,and promote the recovery of motor function in patients with cerebral infarction through multi-target,multi link and multi pathway gene network regulation.This study provides a new idea for subsequent clinical and basic research.

Objectives:To investigate the expression and clinical prognostic implication of secreted frizzled-related protein 4(SFRP4)in the peripheral blood of patients with dilated cardiomyopathy(DCM)and its.Methods:A total of 259 consecutive patients diagnosed with DCM who were admitted to the Cardiac Center of Zhongshan Hospital,Fudan University,from January 2017 to January 2019 were selected for the DCM group.Additionally,84 individuals who underwent health examinations and echocardiography at our hospital during this period,confirmed to be free of cardiovascular diseases,were selected as the control group.Peripheral serum samples were collected from both groups,and serum SFRP4 levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).The correlation between SFRP4 levels and DCM severity,as well as its predictive value for DCM prognosis,were analyzed.Results:Compared to the control group,the serum SFRP4 levels in the DCM group were significantly elevated([28.54±10.25]ng/ml vs.[52.70±19.74]ng/ml,P<0.05).The DCM group was randomly divided into a training set and a validation set in a 2:1 ratio.Multivariate logistic regression analysis in the training set revealed that serum SFRP4 levels were independently associated with all-cause mortality in DCM patients(OR=1.06,95% CI:1.03-1.10,P<0.001).We further evaluated the model's predictive performance with the receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves(area under curve>0.8),calibration curves,and decision curve analysis,results indicated that the predictive model containing serum SFRP4 levels showed good performance on predicting all-cause mortality in DCM patients.Kaplan-Meier survival curve analysis demonstrated that during a median follow-up of 33.5(11.0,49.0)months,DCM patients with high peripheral blood SFRP4 levels(≥75th percentile)had a significantly higher incidence of all-cause mortality compared to those with low levels(<75th percentile)(28.81% vs.16.57%,P=0.02).Conclusions:The level of SFRP4 in the peripheral blood of DCM patients is significantly elevated,and peripheral serum SFRP4 levels have potential prognostic value for predicting the all-cause mortality in DCM patients.

Background:To compare the efficacy and safety of monthly administrations of gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) agonists LY01005 and Zoladex ? in Chinese patients with premenopausal breast cancer. Methods:From October 2020 to November 2021, 188 premenopausal breast cancer patients were enrolled in 34 hospitals and randomized 1:1 to receive either LY01005 or Zoladex ? every 28 days for a total of three injections. All patients concomitantly received oral tamoxifen (TAM). The primary efficacy endpoint was cumulative probability of maintaining menopausal level [oestradiol (E2) ≤30 pg/ml] from day 29 to day 85. The second efficacy endpoint included changes in E2, luteinizing hormone (LH), and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) compared with the baseline. Pharmacokinetics (PK), pharmacodynamics (PD), and safety were analyzed. The study also evaluated the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic characteristics of LY01005. Results:A total of 188 patients were randomised and 187 patients received either LY01005 or Zoladex ?. Cumulative probabilities of maintaining menopausal level (E2≤30 pg/ml) from day 29 to day 85 were 93.1% for LY01005 and 86.3% for Zoladex ?. The between-group difference was 6.8% (95% CI: -2.3%, 15.9%) and primary efficacy in the LY01005 group was not inferior to that in the Zoladex ? group. Changes in E2, LH, and FSH levels compared with the baseline were equivalent between the two groups (E2: 89.34% to 90.23% vs. 82.11% to 85.02%; LH: 88.89% to 95.52% vs. 89.70% to 97.02%; FSH: 75.36% to 80.85% vs.73.07% to 80.24%, respectively). After three consecutive doses of LY01005, the LH and FSH levels of the subjects showed a transient increase after the first dose, reached a peak on the second day and then started to decrease. The LH and FSH reached a lower level and remained at or below that level until the 85th day. Both treatments were well-tolerated. Conclusion:LY01005 is as effective as Zoladex ? in suppressing E2 to menopausal levels in Chinese patients with premenopausal breast cancer, with a similar safety profile.

Objective To investigate the clinical value of prophylactic high-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy (HFNC) in reducing postoperative pulmonary complication (PPC) in elderly patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods The clinical data of elderly patients (over 60 years) with NSCLC who underwent video-assisted thoracoscopic lobectomy or segmental resection at the Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Provincial Hospital from January 2021 to March 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. According to whether receiving HFNC after surgery, they were divided into a conventional oxygen therapy (CO) group and a HFNC group. The CO group were matched with the HFNC group by the propensity score matching method at a ratio of 1 : 1. We compared PPC incidence, white blood cell (WBC) count, procalcitonin and C-reactive protein on postoperative day (POD) 1, 3 and 5 and postoperative hospital stay between the two groups. Results A total of 343 patients (165 males, 178 females, average age of 67.25±4.79 years) were enrolled, with 53 (15.45%) receiving HFNC. Before matching, there were statistical differences in gender, rate of combined chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, pathology type and TNM stage between the two groups (all P<0.05). There were 42 patients successfully matched in each of the two groups, with no statistical difference in baseline characteristics (P>0.05). After propensity score matching, the results showed that the PPC incidence in the HFNC group was lower than that in the CO group (23.81% vs. 45.23%, P=0.039). WBC count on POD 3 and 5 and procalcitonin level on POD 3 were less or lower in the HFNC group than those in the CO group [ (8.92±2.91)×109/L vs. (10.62±2.67)×109/L; (7.68±1.58)×109/L vs. (8.86±1.76)×109/L; 0.26 (0.25, 0.44) μg/L vs. 0.31 (0.25, 0.86) μg/L; all P<0.05]. There was no statistical difference in the other inflammatory indexes or the postoperative hospital stay between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusion Prophylactic HFNC can reduce the PPC incidence and postoperative inflammatory indexes in elderly patients with NSCLC, but does not shorten the postoperative hospital stay.

Objective: To explore the relationship between dietary behavior, dietary frequency and central precocious puberty (CPP) among children in Wuhan, so as to provide a scientific basis for elucidating the possible and related dietary factors leading to precocious puberty. Methods: From February to December 2023, 100 children with CPP and 100 healthy children were collected in Wuhan Children s Hospital for a case control study. Questionnaires and interviews were used to collect demographic information, child lifestyle, as well as dietary behavior and dietary frequency in the past six months. Conditional Logistic regression model was used to analyze the relationship of children s dietary behavior and dietary frequency with CPP. Results: No associations were found between three dietary behavior, including emotional eating, restrictive eating, and external eating, with CPP at baseline ( P >0.05). In the association analysis of dietary frequency and CPP, the risk of CPP was higher in those who consumed red meat >5 times/week ( OR =1.93, 95% CI =1.01-3.68), carbonated beverages ≥4 times/month ( OR =2.70, 95% CI =1.03-7.08), fruit juices ≥4 times/month ( OR =2.31, 95% CI =1.02-5.25), and nutritional supplementation ( OR =2.77, 95% CI =1.47- 5.22 ), whereas the risk of CPP was lower in those who consumed nuts ≥4 times/month ( OR =0.21, 95% CI =0.08-0.57) ( P < 0.05 ). Conclusion Consumption of higher amounts of red meat, high frequency of carbonated and juice based sugary drinks, and nutrient supplementation may be contributing factors to the development of CPP, whereas regular consumption of nuts is less likely to be associated with the development of CPP.