OBJECTIVE To analyze the narrow-band imaging(NBI)endoscopic characteristics of recurrent early glottic carcinoma patients after undergoing CO2 laser surgery with a suspend laryngoscopy.METHODS A retrospective study was conducted on patients with early-stage glottic carcinoma(Ⅰ-Ⅱ stage)who received CO2 laser surgery under supportive laryngoscopy at the Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery,the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiao Tong University from January 2017 to December 2023.The medical history,treatment methods,laryngoscopy(including common white light endoscopy and NBI endoscopy),imaging examinations,and pathological results of patients with recurrent glottic carcinoma were collected at different time points including preoperation,postoperative 1 month,postoperative 3 months,and postoperative 6 months.The endoscopic characteristics of NBI in patients with recurrent glottic carcinoma were summarized.RESULTS First,among 18 patients with early-stage glottic cancer recurrence after CO2 laser,the diagnostic rate of NBI endoscopy for laryngeal cancer recurrence(88.89％,16/18)was significantly higher than that of common white light endoscopy(55.56％,10/18)(χ2=4.985,P=0.026).The intraepithelial papillary capillary loop(IPCL)was classified as a vertical vessel according to ELS in all relapsed patients.However,according to Ni classification,the IPCL of the 72.22％(13/18)were classified as type V,while the IPCL of 27.78％(5/18)showed suspicious abnormal neovascularization(punctate or dilated and curved).The proportion of patients with abnormal IPCL on the surgical surface at 1 month,3 months,and 6 months postoperatively was 0.00％,27.78％(5/18),and 61.11％(11/18),respectively,with statistically significant differences(χ2=16.164,P<0.001),which indicated that the longer the follow-up time for recurrent laryngeal cancer patients,the higher the proportion of patients with abnormal IPCL on the surface of the surgical area under NBI endoscopy.CONCLUSION For early glottic carcinoma after CO2 laser surgery with a suspend laryngoscopy,the appearance of suspicious new blood vessels with type Ⅴ IPCL and punctate or dilated curvature under NBI endoscopy may indicate early recurrence of laryngeal cancer.

Objective:To compare the differences in the prevalence of mild micro-hepatic encephalopathy (MHE) among patients with cirrhosis by using the psychometric hepatic encephalopathy score (PHES) and the Stroop smartphone application (Encephal App) test.Methods:This prospective, multi-center, real-world study was initiated by the National Clinical Medical Research Center for Infectious Diseases and the Portal Hypertension Alliance and registered with International ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT05140837). 354 cases of cirrhosis were enrolled in 19 hospitals across the country. PHES (including digital connection tests A and B, digital symbol tests, trajectory drawing tests, and serial management tests) and the Stroop test were conducted in all of them. PHES was differentiated using standard diagnostic criteria established by the two studies in China and South Korea. The Stroop test was evaluated based on the criteria of the research and development team. The impact of different diagnostic standards or methods on the incidence of MHE in patients with cirrhosis was analyzed. Data between groups were differentiated using the t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, and χ2 test. A kappa test was used to compare the consistency between groups. Results:After PHES, the prevalence of MHE among 354 cases of cirrhosis was 78.53% and 15.25%, respectively, based on Chinese research standards and Korean research normal value standards. However, the prevalence of MHE was 56.78% based on the Stroop test, and the differences in pairwise comparisons among the three groups were statistically significant (kappa = -0.064, P < 0.001). Stratified analysis revealed that the MHE prevalence in three groups of patients with Child-Pugh classes A, B, and C was 74.14%, 83.33%, and 88.24%, respectively, according to the normal value standards of Chinese researchers, while the MHE prevalence rates in three groups of patients with Child-Pugh classes A, B, and C were 8.29%, 23.53%, and 38.24%, respectively, according to the normal value standards of Korean researchers. Furthermore, the prevalence rates of MHE in the three groups of patients with Child-Pugh grades A, B, and C were 52.68%, 58.82%, and 73.53%, respectively, according to the Stroop test standard. However, among the results of each diagnostic standard, the prevalence of MHE showed an increasing trend with an increasing Child-Pugh grade. Further comparison demonstrated that the scores obtained by the number connection test A and the number symbol test were consistent according to the normal value standards of the two studies in China and South Korea ( Z = -0.982, -1.702; P = 0.326, 0.089), while the other three sub-tests had significant differences ( P < 0.001). Conclusion:The prevalence rate of MHE in the cirrhotic population is high, but the prevalence of MHE obtained by using different diagnostic criteria or methods varies greatly. Therefore, in line with the current changes in demographics and disease spectrum, it is necessary to enroll a larger sample size of a healthy population as a control. Moreover, the establishment of more reliable diagnostic scoring criteria will serve as a basis for obtaining accurate MHE incidence and formulating diagnosis and treatment strategies in cirrhotic populations.

Objective:To investigate the diagnostic accuracy of serological indicators and evaluate the diagnostic value of a new established combined serological model on identifying the minimal hepatic encephalopathy (MHE) in patients with compensated cirrhosis.Methods:This prospective multicenter study enrolled 263 compensated cirrhotic patients from 23 hospitals in 15 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities of China between October 2021 and August 2022. Clinical data and laboratory test results were collected, and the model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) score was calculated. Ammonia level was corrected to the upper limit of normal (AMM-ULN) by the baseline blood ammonia measurements/upper limit of the normal reference value. MHE was diagnosed by combined abnormal number connection test-A and abnormal digit symbol test as suggested by Guidelines on the management of hepatic encephalopathy in cirrhosis. The patients were randomly divided (7∶3) into training set ( n=185) and validation set ( n=78) based on caret package of R language. Logistic regression was used to establish a combined model of MHE diagnosis. The diagnostic performance was evaluated by the area under the curve (AUC) of receiver operating characteristic curve, Hosmer-Lemeshow test and calibration curve. The internal verification was carried out by the Bootstrap method ( n=200). AUC comparisons were achieved using the Delong test. Results:In the training set, prevalence of MHE was 37.8% (70/185). There were statistically significant differences in AMM-ULN, albumin, platelet, alkaline phosphatase, international normalized ratio, MELD score and education between non-MHE group and MHE group (all P<0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that AMM-ULN [odds ratio ( OR)=1.78, 95% confidence interval ( CI) 1.05-3.14, P=0.038] and MELD score ( OR=1.11, 95% CI 1.04-1.20, P=0.002) were independent risk factors for MHE, and the AUC for predicting MHE were 0.663, 0.625, respectively. Compared with the use of blood AMM-ULN and MELD score alone, the AUC of the combined model of AMM-ULN, MELD score and education exhibited better predictive performance in determining the presence of MHE was 0.755, the specificity and sensitivity was 85.2% and 55.7%, respectively. Hosmer-Lemeshow test and calibration curve showed that the model had good calibration ( P=0.733). The AUC for internal validation of the combined model for diagnosing MHE was 0.752. In the validation set, the AUC of the combined model for diagnosing MHE was 0.794, and Hosmer-Lemeshow test showed good calibration ( P=0.841). Conclusion:Use of the combined model including AMM-ULN, MELD score and education could improve the predictive efficiency of MHE among patients with compensated cirrhosis.

Objective:To develop a three-dimensional body image stimuli suitable for middle-aged people in China, and verify the validity and reliability of the body image stimuli.Method:According to China and World Health Organization body mass index classification standards of adults, a set of three-dimensional body image stimuli of Chinese middle-aged males and females with different body size was developed by using 3D Studio Max and Adobe Photoshop CC based on the literature and expert consultation method. Forty-two 45- and 59-year-old middle-aged people in Zhengzhou City, Henan Province were recruited to verify the three-dimensional body image stimuli. Through questionnaire survey and physical examination, the coincidence between the selected body type and the actual body type was tested; the body composition was measured by dual-energy absorptiometry (DXA), and the structure validity of the image was tested; the body size satisfaction was investigated by the body image stimuli and the standard questionnaire, and the empirical validity of the image was tested. The repeated survey was conducted 14 days after the initial survey, and three experts were invited to score the current somatotype of the subjects to test the test-retest reliability and inter-rater reliability of the body image stimuli. Pearson, Spearman, Kendall correlation and Kappa consistency analysis were used to evaluate the validity and reliability of the body image stimuli.Results:The average age of 42 subjects was 52.7 years old, including 13 males and 29 females. A group of three-dimensional body image stimuli of middle-aged men and women were developed, and each group included 8 images. 73.8% of the subjects chose the body size consistent with the actual body type, and the weighted Kappa coefficient was 0.755 ( P<0.01). The selected somatotype was positively correlated with body weight and body composition indexes such as fat content, and the Pearson correlation coefficient of construct validity was 0.623-0.717 ( P<0.05). The results of the two surveys were positively correlated, and the Spearman correlation coefficient of test-retest reliability was 0.784-0.821 ( P<0.05). The scores of the three experts on the current somatotype of the subjects were positively correlated, and the Kendall correlation coefficient of inter-rater reliability was 0.818-0.878 ( P<0.05). Conclusion:The development of principle and reference basis of three-dimensional body image stimuli of middle-aged people is reliable, and the validity and reliability of the body image stimuli are good.

Objective:To develop a three-dimensional body image stimuli suitable for middle-aged people in China, and verify the validity and reliability of the body image stimuli.Method:According to China and World Health Organization body mass index classification standards of adults, a set of three-dimensional body image stimuli of Chinese middle-aged males and females with different body size was developed by using 3D Studio Max and Adobe Photoshop CC based on the literature and expert consultation method. Forty-two 45- and 59-year-old middle-aged people in Zhengzhou City, Henan Province were recruited to verify the three-dimensional body image stimuli. Through questionnaire survey and physical examination, the coincidence between the selected body type and the actual body type was tested; the body composition was measured by dual-energy absorptiometry (DXA), and the structure validity of the image was tested; the body size satisfaction was investigated by the body image stimuli and the standard questionnaire, and the empirical validity of the image was tested. The repeated survey was conducted 14 days after the initial survey, and three experts were invited to score the current somatotype of the subjects to test the test-retest reliability and inter-rater reliability of the body image stimuli. Pearson, Spearman, Kendall correlation and Kappa consistency analysis were used to evaluate the validity and reliability of the body image stimuli.Results:The average age of 42 subjects was 52.7 years old, including 13 males and 29 females. A group of three-dimensional body image stimuli of middle-aged men and women were developed, and each group included 8 images. 73.8% of the subjects chose the body size consistent with the actual body type, and the weighted Kappa coefficient was 0.755 ( P<0.01). The selected somatotype was positively correlated with body weight and body composition indexes such as fat content, and the Pearson correlation coefficient of construct validity was 0.623-0.717 ( P<0.05). The results of the two surveys were positively correlated, and the Spearman correlation coefficient of test-retest reliability was 0.784-0.821 ( P<0.05). The scores of the three experts on the current somatotype of the subjects were positively correlated, and the Kendall correlation coefficient of inter-rater reliability was 0.818-0.878 ( P<0.05). Conclusion:The development of principle and reference basis of three-dimensional body image stimuli of middle-aged people is reliable, and the validity and reliability of the body image stimuli are good.

Objective To analyse the effect of recombinant endostatin on Treg, CD8 +T cells, tumor specific growth factor (TSGF) in peripheral blood of patients with advanced esophageal gastric junction adenocarcinoma and clinical efficacy observation.Methods 52 patients who were diagnosed with acute cerebral infarction in our hospital were collected.All patients were randomly divided into experimental group and control group, 26 cases in each group.The control group was given OLF chemotherapy, the experimental group was treated with OLF chemotherapy regimen combined with recombinant endostatin.21 days was 1 cycle, a total of 4 cycles.After treatment, the levels of Treg, CD8 +T cells, serum TSGF and clinical efficacy were detected in all patients.ResuIts After treatment, compared with control group,the peripheral blood Treg was significantly lower in the experimental group (P<0.05); the peripheral blood CD8 +T cells level in the experimental group was significantly higher (P<0.05);the serum TSGF level in the experimental group was significantly lower ( P<0.05 ); the effective of patients in the experimental group was higher ( P<0.05 ) . ConcIusion Recombinant endostatin can significantly reduce the levels of Treg and serum TSGF in patients with advanced esophageal gastric junction adenocarcinoma, improve the level of CD8 +T cells, and improve the efficiency of treatment, have guiding significance to clinical.

Extracellular matrix (ECM) keeps cell's shape, protects and nourishes cells; it plays a great role in cell proliferation and differentiation. Therefore, ECM is very important in cell and tissue engineering. In this study, after primary mouse osteoblasts and fibroblasts maintained at confluence in vitro were removed, their ECM coated on cell culture plate was prepared, and bone morphogenetic proteins 2 (BMP-2) was detected in the osteoblasts ECM. MC3T3-E1 preosteoblasts cells were seeded on cell culture plates covered with fibroblasts ECM and osteoblasts ECM respectively. The proliferative activity of the cells cultured on fibroblasts ECM was higher than that on osteoblasts ECM and the control group. The alkaline phosphatase activity, relative protein levels of BMP-2 and osteopontin, secreted calcium of the cells cultured on osteoblasts ECM were all the highest. The results indicate that the two different ECMs produced in vitro had different bioactivities, the fibroblasts ECM coated on cell culture plates could accelerate MC3T3-E1 cells proliferation, and the osteoblasts ECM could promote cells osteogenic differentiation.
3T3 Cells ; Alkaline Phosphatase ; metabolism ; Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 ; metabolism ; Calcium ; metabolism ; Cell Differentiation ; physiology ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Extracellular Matrix ; metabolism ; physiology ; Mice ; Osteoblasts ; cytology ; Osteopontin ; metabolism

BACKGROUND: Seed cell exerting its function is required to depend on the extracellular matrix in tissue engineering, so that biocompatible material is important to be selected. OBJECTIVE: To prepare a novel composite scaffolds of chitosan/collagen/nano-hydroxyapatite (HA-CS/Col/nHAP) and to optimize the technology of tissue engineered-stents according to the circumstances of cell adhesion.METHODS: Chitosan was modified by hyaluronate acid. The structure was observed by differential scanning calorimetry and the Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy. Three composites of HA-CS/Col/nHAP according to different ratio of chitosan and collagen solution (1: 2; 1: 1 and 2: 1) were prepared. The composite scaffolds were co-cultured with osteoblast MC3T3-E1, and the proliferation and cell growth curve were measured by CCK-8 method. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Hyaluronic acid and chitosan were crosslinked with amide linkage. Pore size was on the range from 50 μm to 250 μm. Porosity was increased with increased collagen level and elastic modulus, but density was reduced. Increased collagen content was beneficial for cell adhesion and proliferation on stent in the primary phase of cell co-culture. However, from day 10, no significant difference was determined among three samples. At the beginning of cell culture, cells adhered to the airspace insides the composite scaffolds. In the following days, cells grew in a colony manner, and cell-cell junction could be easily observed. These indicate that HA-CS/Col /nHAP composite scaffolds can improve the adhesion and proliferation of osteoblast. The ratio of chitosan to collagen volume at 1: 1 was optimal.

Objective To prepare a novel bioactive and degradable scaffold with mineralized collagenpolyose based composite by biomimetic synthesis for bone tissue engineering and explore the compatibility of osteoblast culturing on the scaffold.Methods Using the cross-linking product of collagenⅠ and sodium hyaluronate as the template,the calcium phosphate was deposited on it to produce a mineralized composite.The 3-D porous scaffolds were prepared by liquid phase separation after the mineralized composite combining with polylactic acid (PLA) and NaCl.The materials and scaffolds were investigated by x-ray diffraction (XRD),scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) and universal testing machine.In addition,inverted microscope,fluorescence microscope,SEM,Cell Counting Kit-8 assay and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) assay were introduced to analyze the growth,function and compatibility(morphology,proliferation and differentiation ) of osteoblast-like cell on the scaffolds.Results The degree of hydroxyapatite (HA) crystals in the composite was low and the size was tiny,which were similar to that of nature bone.The SEM micrographs showed that the scaffolds possessed 82% of porosity and the pore size was about 200 μm to 650 μm.Cells on the scaffolds spread well and presented a high proliferation rate and differentiation level.Conclusion The novel scaffolds are simiar to nature cancellous (spongy) bone both on structure and in property and might be used as one of the optimal scaffolds material for bone tissue engineering.

Objective To observe the adhesion of MC3T3-EI osteoblastic progenitor cells to the three-dimensional chitosan-decellularised-derma scaffolds,and evaluate the cytocompatibility of the scaffolds.Method The threedimensional chitosan-decellularised-derma scaffolds were prepared by the freeze-dtying method,the porosity,density and water absorption of which were measured.The microscopic morphology of the composite scaffolds was analyzed by the scanning electron microscopy(SEM).The MC3T3-E1 cells cultivated in vitro were seeded onto the composite scaffolds,and then co-cultured for 2,3,4 and 5 hours.At each time point,three specimens from each matrix were taken to determine the cell-adhesion rate and the best time of the cell-adhesion.The cells were seeded onto the composite scaffolds,and then co-cultured for 1,3,5,7,9,11 and 13 days.The MC3T3-E1 cells inside were evaluated with MTS test.The cell morphology was observed by the histological staining.The compression tests were performed using a Universal Testing Machine,at room temperature,as compared with no-cell-scaffolds.Results The three-dimensional chitosan-decellularised-derma scaffolds have high interval poroslty with the porosity(92.8%),the density(0.09796 g/ml)and the water absorption(2169±100)%.The cytocompatibility test shows that the seeded MC3T3-E1 cells can adhere to the scaffolds and proliferate.Conclusions The three-dimensional chitosan-decellularised-derma scaffolds have high interval porosity with the welldistributed diameter.The MC3T3-E1 cells are easy to adhere the scaffolds and proliferate which shows that the scaffolds have a good cytocompatibility.